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	Author	Jackson, R., Wangchuk, R.
	Title	Linking Snow Leopard Conservation and People-Wildlife Conflict Resolution: Grassroots Measures to Protect the Endangered Snow Leopard from Herder Retribution			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Endangered Species UPDATE	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	4	Pages	138-141
	Keywords
	Abstract	Livestock depredation has become a significant problem across the snow leopard's (Panthera uncia) range in Central Asia, being most severe in and near protected areas. Such predation, especially incidents of “surplus killing,” in which five to 100 or more sheep and goats are lost in a single night, almost inevitably leads herders to retaliate by killing rare or endangered carnivores like snow leopard, wolf, and lynx. Ironically, such loss can be avoided by making the night-time enclosures predator-proof, improving animal husbandry techniques, educating herders on wildlife conservation and the importance of protecting the natural prey base, and by providing economic incentives like handicrafts skills training and marketing, along with carefully planned ecotourism trekking and guiding. The author explores innovative conservation initiatives in the Himalaya (Ladakh and Tibet) and Mongolia, which also build local capacity, self-reliance, and stewardship for nature using Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action, or APPA, techniques. The most sound conservation investments are those contingent upon establishing direct linkages with biodiversity protection, ensuring co-financing and reciprocal responsibility for project activities, encouraging the full participation of all stakeholders, and assuring regular monitoring and evaluation of the village-based agreements (embodied in Action Plans).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1335
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	Author	Snow Leopard Conservancy
	Title	Snow Leopard Conservancy Annual Report, 2001			Type	Report
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-8
	Keywords
	Abstract	This report outlines the conservation and education actions undertaken in 2001 by the Snow Leopard Conservancy(SLC) toward preserving the endangered snow leopard, which is found in the mountains of twelve Central Asian countries. We augmented our program in Ladakh, India and launched new projects in Nepal and Tibet. We also laid the ground work for new community-based snow leopard conservation initiatives in Nepal's former Kingdom of Mustang,and in Manang, the country's most frequented trekking region after Mt. Everest.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1333
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	Author	Anonymous
	Title	Snow leopard in Mongolia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Pamphlet.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-27
	Keywords	action plan, CCT, conservation, distribution, fur trade, habitat
	Abstract	This documents contains a review of the snow leopard's distribution, status and habitat in Mongolia, describes threats and conservation needs of the species, and outlines presently implemented actions. Five major threats are identified: 1) Poaching 2) loss of prey 3) degradation, fragmentation and loss of habitat 4) conflict with herders 5) lack of public awareness. Actions to mitigate the five major threats are recommended and future conservation priorities are set.
	Address
	Corporate Author	WWF Mongolia Country Office & International Snow Leopard Trust			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1112
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	Author	Abdusaljamov I.A., Mirzobakhodurova S.R.
	Title	Conservation strategy of rare and endanger vertebrate species of Tajikistan republic			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Bulletin of Academy of Sciences of Republic Tajikistan	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue	143	Pages	40-48
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Department of Biological and Medical Sciences			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1352
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	Author	Reading, R.P.; Mix, H.M.; Badamjaviin L.; Feh, L.; Kane, D.; Dulamtseren, S.; Enkhbold S.
	Title	Status and distribution of khulan Equus hemionus in Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Journal of Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	254	Issue		Pages	381-389
	Keywords	gobi; Equus hemionus; Khulan; Mongolia; wild ass; 5240
	Abstract	The Asiatic wild ass Equus hemionus, or khulan, once ranged across much of Central Asia, but is now globally threatened. The largest free-ranging populations are now restricted to a 250-km wide area (range 100ñ400 km) across the Gobi Desert region of southern Mongolia. Over the last 23 years the population has moved further north and east into its former range. Surveys conducted in the 1970s and 1980s estimated that the Mongolian population contained fewer than 15 000 animals and was declining as a result of human exploitation and livestock competition. Aerial surveys (one in autumn 1994, two in spring 1997) were flown as line transects over portions of the khulan's range in Mongolia and ground surveys (’ve in spring, summer, and autumn 1994ñ97) were conducted by vehicle and foot. Sample sizes and areas surveyed were larger than previous surveys, and our methods were often more systematic. Population size was estimated at 33 000ñ63 000 wild asses in Mongolia. Animal density ranged from 4.2 a 1.3 to 19.1a 3.2 per 100 km2. Mean group size ranged from four to 35 animals in the south-western Gobi, four to seven animals in the southern Gobi, and three to 18 in the south-eastern Gobi. Our data suggest that Mongolia is the most important stronghold for the conservation of E. hemionus. Conservation management continues to be challenging because intensive studies on khulan biology and ecology are just beginning. As a freemarket economy continues to emerge in Mongolia, pressure from resource extraction interests and nomadic livestock herders to remove the khulan's protected status, permit harvesting and halt population growth and expansion, also makes implementation of research and conservation management programs more imperative.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available at URL			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 509			Serial	813
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	Author	Abdusalamov I.A.
	Title	Required protection measures for rare and endangered vertebrate species in Tajikistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	N 2 (143)	Issue		Pages	40-48
	Keywords	Tajikistan; vertebrates; protected areas; endangered species; snow leopard.; 5840; Russian
	Abstract	The network of Tajikistan's protected areas (four nature reserves, 14 national and 18 regional sanctuaries, one national park) is described. The establishment of `Shakhristan state complex nature reserve' and `Sarykamish state complex reserve', and interstate nature complex park on northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is recommended to improve conservation practices for a number of endangered vertebrate animal species in Northern Tajikistan (such as brown bear, snow leopard, wild sheep, and others).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: News of the Academy of Science of Tajikistan.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 563			Serial	29
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	Author	Kreuzberg-Mukhina E.A.
	Title	The Endangered species and Snow Leopard Conservation problems. Schoolbook			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	27
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; biology; distribution; number; conservation problems; snow leopard.; 7460; Russian
	Abstract	The manual contains the information on snow leopard species listed in Red Data book of Uzbekistan. The data on its biology, distribution and number in republic and within the world is given. Snow leopard conservation problems are considered.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in Russian			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 724			Serial	591
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	Author	Kovshar A.F.
	Title	About the necessity to alter the border of Aksu Jabagly nature reserve			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 8.	Issue		Pages	15-23
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; endemics; endangered species; widening; improvement of protection.; 7430; Russian
	Abstract	An extension of the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve is suggested in order to improve effectiveness of rare and endemic species conservation in the West Tien Shan. The existing area of the nature reserve is large enough for conservation and reproduction of most of the large mammal species such as ibex, bear, wild boar, snow leopard; the area is however insufficient for species such as Tien Shan argali, roe-deer, whose seasonal migrations extend beyond the area of the nature reserve, as well as Menzbier's marmot a rare endemic to the West Tien Shan, whose habitat is situated 10 15 km from the nature reserve.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (the Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 721			Serial	587
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	Author	Kovshar A.F.
	Title	About representativeness of terrain vertebrate fauna in the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve for the whole West Tien Shan region			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol.8.	Issue		Pages	97-99
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard.; 7380; Russian
	Abstract	Mammals inhabiting the Aksu Jabagly nature reserve make up 79.6 percent of the whole mammal fauna of the West Tien Shan. The following endangered species live in the area: argali, brown bear, dhole, Turkistan lynx, snow leopard, stone marten, porcupine, and free-toiled bat. Snow leopard deserves a special attention.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (the Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 716			Serial	583
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	Author	Koshkarev E.
	Title	About snow leopard			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 8.	Issue		Pages	148-151
	Keywords	Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7290; Russian
	Abstract	In 1980-s, in Central Asia there were 1,500-1,700 snow leopards: 800-900 in Kyrgyzstan, 500 in Tajikistan, 200 in Kazakhstan, and 100 in Uzbekistan. During the last century the number of snow leopard was constantly decreasing, though a its drastic reduction was observed after the collapse of the Soviet Union because of increased poaching for snow leopard and its objects of prey. The highest level of poaching was observed to occur in Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's population of snow leopard reduced to 200 animals. A decrease of snow leopard number in other parts of its habitat with less intense hunting (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, south-west Kyrgyzstan) was mostly because of depletion of food resources (population of ungulates reduced five eight times). The reasons are corruption and unemployment. In order to improve the situation it is required to improve regulatory framework and replicate existing positive experience in economic motivation of nature protection activities.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 707			Serial	557
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