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Author Johnson, D.
Title The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation goes international Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Endangered Species Update, A Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue 10 Pages A10
Keywords Nfwf; India; asia; siberia; endangered-species; snow-leopard; managemnet; conservation; snow leopard; browse; endangered; species; 1150
Abstract Abstract: The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) which is a conservation organization created in 1984 aims to conserve the species on an international context before they are endangered which will enable a more effective conservation procedure. The NFWF has addressed the causes of endangered species in India and South Asia such as the tiger, Indian wolf and the snow leopard and has supported the conservation efforts of the Siberian tiger. It has cooperated with multi-national organizations to evaluate the best strategy that could be adopted to prevent a future extinction of several species and has supported CITES programs
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 254 Serial 500
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Author Cunha, S.F.
Title Summits, snow leopards, farmers, and fighters: Will politics prevent a national park in the high Pamirs of Tajikistan? Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Focus; New York Abbreviated Journal
Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 17-22
Keywords Tajikistan; Russia; Pamir; park; refuge; reserve; herders; poaching; livestock; herder; siberia; parks; protected-areas; reserves; browse; protected; area; areas; 1160
Abstract Tajikistan is the smallest, poorest and one of the most culturally diverse of the former Soviet Republics. The physical and cultural geography of the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan are described, and recent legislative action taken to create a proposed park and civil strife that may stop the park's creation are discussed.
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Notes Article is only partly legible. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 255 Serial 228
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Author Maity, B.; Chakraborty, G.; Pradhan, K.K.
Title Toxocariasis in snow leopard (Panthera unica) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Indian Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal
Volume 71 Issue 5 Pages 499-501
Keywords toxocariasis; India; captivity; zoo; medical; medicine; veterinary; browse; 1410
Abstract Spontaneous occurrence of toxocariasis (Toxocaracati) in captive snow leopards with symptoms of diarrhoea, general malaise, letherapy, dehydration, partial or complete anorexia, vomiting with or without expulsion of the ascarid is reported. Response to anthelmintic drug pyrantal pamoate along with antibacterial drug sulphadimethyl pyrimidine and supportive therapy is recorded.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 238 Serial 639
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Author Roth, T.L.; Howard, J.G.; Donoghue, A.M.; Swanson, W.F.; Wildt, D.E.
Title Function and culture requirements of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) spermatozoa in vitro Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) J Reprod Fertil Abbreviated Journal
Volume 101 Issue 3 Pages 563-569
Keywords Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Cell; survival; Cells; Cultured; Comparative; study; Culture; Media; Female; Male; Pentoxifylline; Sperm; Motility; Ovum; Interactions; Spermatozoa; cytology; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 190
Abstract Electroejaculates from eight snow leopards were used to determine how the motility of spermatozoa was influenced by (i) type of media (Ham's F10, PBS, human tubal fluid or RPMI-1640); (ii) holding temperature (23 degrees C versus 37 degrees C); (iii) washing of spermatozoa and (iv) a sperm metabolic enhancer, pentoxifylline. The duration of sperm motility was assessed by evaluating samples in each treatment every hour for 6 h and a sperm motility index (a value combining percentage sperm motility and rate of forward progression) calculated. Spermatozoa from the Ham's F10, PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline treatments were also co-incubated with zona-intact, domestic cat eggs that were fixed and evaluated for spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida, penetrating the outer and inner layers of the zona pellucida and within the perivitelline space. During the 6 h co-incubation, the sperm motility index in PBS with pentoxifylline was greater (P < 0.05) than in PBS alone which, in turn, was greater (P < 0.05) than in the other three test media. Washing the spermatozoa enhanced (P < 0.05) motility in both PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline relative to unwashed samples, but there was no effect (P > 0.05) of holding temperature. Pentoxifylline supplementation enhanced (P < 0.05) the proportion of cat eggs with bound, but not penetrated, snow leopard spermatozoa in the inner layer of the zona pellucida, and there were no spermatozoa in the perivitelline space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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ISSN 0022-4251 ISBN Medium
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 253 Serial 828
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Author Johnston, L.A.; Armstrong, D.L.; Brown, J.L.
Title Seasonal effects on seminal and endocrine traits in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) J Reprod Fertil Abbreviated Journal
Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 229-236
Keywords Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Comparative; study; Fsh; Blood; Gonadotropins; Pituitary; Lh; Male; Seasons; Semen; Sperm; Motility; Spermatozoa; cytology; Testosterone; browse; 180
Abstract The annual reproductive cycle of the male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was characterized by evaluating seminal and endocrine traits monthly. Testicular volume was greatest (P < 0.05) during the winter months when the quality of ejaculate was optimal. Ejaculate volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate, sperm morphology and sperm motility index were lowest during the summer and autumn months compared with the winter and spring. Peripheral LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations were also lowest during the summer months, increasing during the autumn just before the increase in semen quality, and were maximal during the winter months. There was a direct relationship (P < 0.01) between: (1) testosterone and testicular volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate and ejaculate volume, and (2) LH and testicular volume and motile sperm concentration per ejaculate. In summary, although spermatozoa were recovered throughout the year, optimal gamete quality was observed during the winter and spring. Although previous studies in felids have demonstrated seasonal effects on either seminal or endocrine traits, this is the first study to demonstrate a distinct effect of season on both pituitary and testicular function.
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 252 Serial 504
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Author Oli, M.K.
Title Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Journal of Mammalogy Abbreviated Journal
Volume 75 Issue 4 Pages 998-1004
Keywords Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator
Abstract I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators.
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Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 JO Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 236 Serial 746
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Author Oli, M.
Title Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: Prey ratio Type Miscellaneous
Year 1994 Publication (up) Journal of Mammalogy Abbreviated Journal
Volume 75 Issue Pages 998-1004
Keywords snow leopard,Panthera uncia,blue sheep,Pseudois nayaur,density,predator:prey ratio,harvest rate,livestock predation,Nepal
Abstract I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predatorprey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 105-km2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6-10.2 sheep/km2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diet of snow leopards. Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard :blue sheep ratio was 1 :1 14-1 :159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 894 Serial 741
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Author Fox, J.; Nurbu, C.; Bhatt, S.; Chandola, A.
Title Wildlife conservation and land-use changes in the Transhimalayan region of Ladakh, India Type Miscellaneous
Year 1994 Publication (up) Mountain-Research-and-Development. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 39-60
Keywords conservation; India; Ladakh; land use; livstock; protected area; transhimalayan; Transhimalayan-Region
Abstract Changes in economy and land use are under way in the Indian Transhimalayan region of Ladakh, creating both negative and positive prospects for wildlife conservation in this sparsely populations and previously remote area. New livestock breeds, irrigation developments, farming practices, foreign tourists, and a large military presence are changing the way people view and use the mountainous land that surrounds them. With only 0.3% of the land currently arable, changes in wildlife and natural resource conservation are most apparent on Ladakh's extensive rangelands which are apparently undergoing a redistribution of use associated with social changes and recently introduced animal husbandry and farming practices. International endangered species such as the snow leopard, several wild ungulates, and the black-necked crane provide special incentive for conservation efforts in what are some of the best remaining natural areas in the mountainous regions to the north of the Himalayan crest. The success of newly created protected areas for wildlife conservation in Ladakh rests on an understanding of the effects of various development directions, a commitment to environmentally sensitive development amid the many competing demands on Ladakh's natural resources, conservation laws appropriate to human needs, and a clear recognition that solutions can be neither directly adaptable from other mountainous areas nor even widely applicable across the Himalayan region.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 930 Serial 286
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Author Koshkarev, E.
Title Poaching in Former USSR Type Miscellaneous
Year 1994 Publication (up) Snow Line Abbreviated Journal
Volume xii Issue 2 Pages 6-7
Keywords Paoching; hunting; killing; pelts; furs; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; trade; skins; browse; 4610
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Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Seattle Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 448 Serial 562
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Author McCarthy, T.
Title Update: Mongolia Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Snow Line Abbreviated Journal
Volume Xii Issue 1 Pages 3-4
Keywords conservation; ecology; Mongolia; snow leopard
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Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 239 Serial 654
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