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	Author	Esipov A.V.
	Title	Snow Leopard (Irbis)			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2003	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. II. Animals.	Issue		Pages	218-219
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; Red Data book; category of threat; number; distribution; threats; snow leopard.; 6650; Russian
	Abstract	Critically Endangered l (CR C2a(i); D), locally distributed western subspecies of Central Asian species. It occurs in Western Tien Shan and Western Pamir Alay. It inhabits middle and high belts of the mountains. It prefers watersheds and rocky talus slopes. It never was numerous; last decades the numbers have been decreasing. In 1980's-1990's in Hissar nature reserve 5-11 individuals were counted, in 1970's-1980's in Chatkal nature reserve the 1-3 specimens were observed. Perhaps, total number is 20-30 individuals. The threats are development of high mountain pastures, decreasing of prey numbers, human persecution and poaching. Included in the IUCN Red List [EN] and in Appendix I of CITES.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of Republic of Uzbekistan.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 643			Serial	259
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	Author	Esipov A.V.
	Title	Current state of snow leopard and its main preys in Hissar nature reserve			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	61-67
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; number; distribution; threats; snow leopard; Siberian ibex; long-tailed marmot.; 6630; Russian
	Abstract	An expert evaluation of the numbers of snow leopard and its preys, Siberian ibex and long-tailed marmot, was made on the basis of surveys conducted in Hissar nature reserve in 1999. The total number of the snow leopard is estimated at 12-16 individuals, whereas that of the Siberian ibex at 1000 individuals. An average density of the population of the long tailed marmot ranges at 4,8 individuals per ha. The ratio of the numbers between the snow leopard, Siberian ibex and long tailed marmot is 1:68:450. The major threats for the snow leopard are poaching on the borders of the nature reserve, a decrease in of preys, shrinking of the range in areas adjoining the nature reserve as a result of intensification of industrial activities and disturbing factors. For the Siberian ibex and long tailed marmot the major limiting factors are the shrinking of the areas and deterioration of the forage value of the high-mountain pastures, as well as the direct competition for forage with domestic animals at the sites adjoining the territory of the nature, as well as disturbing factors.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Conservation of biodiversity in strictly protected territories of Uzbekistan.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 641			Serial	257
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	Author	Esipov A.V.
	Title	Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Uzbekistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1995	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	48-49
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; number; distribution; threats; conservation measures; snow leopard; 6600; Russian
	Abstract	There are two isolated snow leopard populations in Uzbekistan, both of which are located along the fringe of the species' distribution. These groups are the Pamir-Alai and the Tien-Shan, of which are united to snow leopard range in neighboring Tadjikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Apart from animals inhabiting the Hissar Nature Reserve, the Pamir-Alai population consists of animals inhabiting the upper portion of the Tupalang River basin and the mountains around Baisuntau. This population is currently estimated at about 30 individuals, from which as many as 10 individuals are reported to be killed or captured annually. However, we suspect the loss rate is more like five to eight individuals, with the entire Pamir-Alai group in Uzbekistan numbering 22 – 25 animals. The Tien-Shan snow leopard sub-population group of Uzbekistan occupies the high-mountain portions of practically all of the large ridges in the area, including Chatkal, Pskem, Ugam and Talass Alatau. The number of snow leopards harvested from this sub-population appears to be five or seven individuals, with the total number placed at 27-32 individuals. The major factors restricting snow leopard numbers in Uzbekistan appears to be poaching of both snow leopard and its large prey species like ibex, as well as disturbance associated with the intensive development of the alpine lands for pasturing livestock. In order to preserve the snow leopard in Uzbekistan it will be necessary to control and eliminate poaching. Additional habitat could be provided by expanding the Chatkal Nature Reserve by adding lands in the Shavassai River basin as well as Akbulak River basin.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 638			Serial	255
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	Author	Dementiev G.P.
	Title	Mammals			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1969	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	19-27
	Keywords	Ussr; endangered species; snow leopard; distribution; fluctuation; threats.; 6490; Russian
	Abstract	It provides a list and discusses a status of rare and endangered predators and ungulates in the USSR (24 species in total). Snow leopard inhabits the mountain ridges of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, in the Altai and Tuva. The habitat of snow leopard had not changed significantly since recently, though its population had been reducing (according to materials of the year 1967). Such reduction of its population is because of the common assumption of its harmfulness and high demand for its fur-skin and high prices that zoos would readily pay for the animals.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare and endangered mammal and bird species in the USSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 627			Serial	234
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	Author	Bannikov A.G.
	Title	Snow leopard (irbis). Felis uncia			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1973	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	44
	Keywords	Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; life history; threats.; 6150; Russian
	Abstract	Irbis is distributed in highlands of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Altai. It preys mainly on wild sheep and ibex, marmots, pica, snow-cock, rarer other ungulates, rodents and birds. Sometimes it attacks domestic sheep. At the beginning of spring this species is on heat, gestation period being 90 100 days. Female bears two three (to five) cubs. The litter splits in one year. The animal sheds hair twice a year. It has a low population and therefore hunting for snow leopard is prohibited.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game animals and birds of the USSR. Reference book and identifier.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 593			Serial	114
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	Author
	Title	Rare Animals and their Protection in the USSR			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1978	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	4-4
	Keywords	Uzbekistan; categories of threat; rare species; snow leopard; distribution; threats.; 8030; Russian
	Abstract	It described categories of threat (Category A and Category B). Snow leopard was assessed under Category A the species whose numbers and habitats have sharply diminished and are continuing to diminish as a consequence of direct persecution, destruction of their habitat or other causes. The snow leopard (Pardus uncia) inhabits the mountains of the Tien Shan range, Tarbagatai, Saur, Altai and the Sayans. Exploitation of mountain areas and depletion of stocks of wild ungulates (Siberian mountain goats and wild sheep) have led to a sharp reduction in the number of snow leopards. It is estimated that today only about one thousand leopards are left, and they have accordingly been placed under complete protection. Hunting and selective shooting are everywhere prohibited. Catching leopards is regulated by the articles of the international convention restricting trade in rare species of plants and animals.
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	Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Uzbekistan's Reservations and Natural Monuments. XIV General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 781			Serial	14
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	Author	Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.; Datta, A.
	Title	Mammals of the high altitudes of western Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya: an assessment of threats and conservation needs			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2006	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	40	Issue	1	Pages	1-7
	Keywords	anthropogenic; area; Arunachal; assessment; awareness; bharal; biodiversity; carnivore; carnivores; community; community-based; conservation; deer; depredation; dhole; endangered; extinct; fauna; goral; grazing; habitat; habitats; High; Himalaya; hunting; incentives; India; indian; Iucn; leopard; livestock; livestock-depredation; livestock depredation; local; mammals; musk; musk-deer; nayaur; panthera; people; peoples; plant; plants; potential; Pseudois; Pseudois-nayaur; pseudois nayaur; range; recent; region; Report; reserve; resource; schools; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; survey; surveys; threat; threatened; threats; tiger; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; ungulate; ungulates; valley; wildlife; work; Panthera-tigris; tigris
	Abstract	The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 861			Serial	697
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	Author	Chalise, M.K.
	Title	Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia), Prey Species and Outreach in Langtang National, Park, Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Our Nature	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	9	Pages	138-145
	Keywords	Snow leopard, Langtang, prey species, threats, outreach.
	Abstract	Presence of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in Langtang National Park was obscure till 2003. It was confirmed by a research team trained for the wildlife biology in the field. Along with the study of ecology and behavior of snow leopard sufficient effort were made to generate data on pre species. The study also dealt with threat perceived for the leopard survival while basic unit of conservation- local outreach programs were also initiated.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1388
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	Author	International Snow Leopard Trust
	Title	Snow Leopard News Summer 2001			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2001	Publication	Snow Leopard News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Islt; Woodland-Park-Zoo; seattle; Snow-leoaprd-Summit; Slss; threats; conservation; donation; field-study; surveys; Pakistan; Kyrgastan; Kyrgyz-Republic; India; research; staff; expansion; programs; education; herders; interviews; funding; travel; livestock; browse; 4350
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	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor
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	Notes	Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1.ISLT to Host Snow Leopard Summit2.Trust Receives $100,000 Anonymous Donation3.Report from the Field			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 423			Serial	933
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