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Author Esipov A.V. url 
  Title Current state of snow leopard and its main preys in Hissar nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2000 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 61-67  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; number; distribution; threats; snow leopard; Siberian ibex; long-tailed marmot.; 6630; Russian  
  Abstract An expert evaluation of the numbers of snow leopard and its preys, Siberian ibex and long-tailed marmot, was made on the basis of surveys conducted in Hissar nature reserve in 1999. The total number of the snow leopard is estimated at 12-16 individuals, whereas that of the Siberian ibex at 1000 individuals. An average density of the population of the long tailed marmot ranges at 4,8 individuals per ha. The ratio of the numbers between the snow leopard, Siberian ibex and long tailed marmot is 1:68:450. The major threats for the snow leopard are poaching on the borders of the nature reserve, a decrease in of preys, shrinking of the range in areas adjoining the nature reserve as a result of intensification of industrial activities and disturbing factors. For the Siberian ibex and long tailed marmot the major limiting factors are the shrinking of the areas and deterioration of the forage value of the high-mountain pastures, as well as the direct competition for forage with domestic animals at the sites adjoining the territory of the nature, as well as disturbing factors.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Conservation of biodiversity in strictly protected territories of Uzbekistan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 641 Serial 257  
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Author Esipov A.V. url 
  Title Distribution and Numbers of the Siberian Ibex in the Hissar Nature Reserve, Uzbekistan Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2002 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 76-78  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Hisssar nature reserve; wild ibex; distribution; number; predators; snow leopard.; 6640; Russian  
  Abstract It describes distribution and number of ibex in four parts of the Hissar nature reserve in Uzbekistan. The total number of ibex is estimated to be 1,500 animals. The natural enemies of ibex are snow leopard, wolf, and lynx. Data about ibex's food, seasonal migrations, and threats are given. Decreasing forage reserve and poaching are considered as the most serious threats. A buffer zone is suggested to be established in the areas adjacent to Tajikistan and the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Necessity of nature protection in South Uzbekistan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 642 Serial 258  
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Author Esipov A.V. url 
  Title Snow Leopard (Irbis) Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2003 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol. II. Animals. Issue Pages 218-219  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Red Data book; category of threat; number; distribution; threats; snow leopard.; 6650; Russian  
  Abstract Critically Endangered l (CR C2a(i); D), locally distributed western subspecies of Central Asian species. It occurs in Western Tien Shan and Western Pamir Alay. It inhabits middle and high belts of the mountains. It prefers watersheds and rocky talus slopes. It never was numerous; last decades the numbers have been decreasing. In 1980's-1990's in Hissar nature reserve 5-11 individuals were counted, in 1970's-1980's in Chatkal nature reserve the 1-3 specimens were observed. Perhaps, total number is 20-30 individuals. The threats are development of high mountain pastures, decreasing of prey numbers, human persecution and poaching. Included in the IUCN Red List [EN] and in Appendix I of CITES.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of Republic of Uzbekistan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 643 Serial 259  
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Author Esipov A.V. url 
  Title Ugam Chatkal State Nature Park Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2004 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume N1 Issue Pages 46-47  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Ugam Chatkal Nature Park; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard; numerous species; ibex.; 6660; Russian  
  Abstract There are endangered species as bear, snow leopard and Menzbier's marmot recorded in Western Tien Shan mountains. Wild boar, Siberian ibex, roe deer, wolf, badger, porcupine and red fox are rather numerous species on this area.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecological News Journal. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 644 Serial 261  
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Author Esipov V.M. url 
  Title Chatkal nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1969 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 486-494  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Western Tien Shan; Chatkal nature reserve; establishment; soil; climate; physiographic factors; altitude zones; flora; fauna; snow leopard.; 6550; Russian  
  Abstract Presented is history of the Chatkal nature reserve's establishment, physic and geographic description, types of soils, climate, altitude zones, flora and fauna, historical monuments. Snow leopard is quiet rare species in nature reserve. Last years irbis's tracks and voice have been recorded in highly mountain sites of Maidantal part of Chatkal nature reserve.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 633 Serial 262  
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Author Esipov V.M. url 
  Title The nature reserve in the spurs of Tien Shan Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1978 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol.8. Issue Pages 8  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; location; Animals; snow leopard.; 6560; Russian  
  Abstract The Chatkal state mountain forest nature reserve is located in western spurs of the Chatkal ridge. The permanent inhabitants of the nature reserve are ibex, wild boar, roe-deer, bear, badger, porcupine, stone marten, fox, ermine, Menzbier's marmot, and relict suslik (gopher), and bird species such as gray partridge, snow-cock, black vulture, griffon vulture, etc. Under special protection are rare animal and bird species such as snow leopard, Menzbier's marmot, bearded vulture, golden eagle, etc.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Journal `Soviet Uzbekistan Today' Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 634 Serial 263  
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Author Esipov V.M. url 
  Title Chatkal mountain-forest nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1979 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 64-68  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; establishment; flora; fauna; researching; rare species; snow leopard.; 6570; Russian  
  Abstract It described history of the Chatkal nature, flora and fauna, scientific and conservation activities. Snow leopard, brown bear, Menzbier's marmot, golden eagle, snake-eagle and lammergeyer inhabited in nature reserve. These species included in Red data book.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunter and fisherman of Uzbekistan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 635 Serial 264  
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Author Esipov V.M. url 
  Title The status and perspective protection and rehabilitation of natural ecosystems in the Chatkal state biosphere nature reserve under the State Committee for Agriculture and Industry of the USSR Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1986 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 15-17  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; establishment; conservation regime; Animals; snow leopard.; 6580; Russian  
  Abstract The area of the Chatkal nature reserve reduced as part of its territory (a land plot in the Shavasay river basin) was assigned to a military game preserve. As regime of protection worsened, number of animals such as Menzbier's marmot, snow leopard, ibex, snow cock, and black stork began to reduce.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Geographical problems of wildlife protection development. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 636 Serial 265  
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Author Esipov V.M. url 
  Title Chatkal biosphere nature reserve. Buffer zones needed badly Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1990 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol.1. Issue Pages 294-296  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Western Tien Shan; Chatkal nature reserve; fauna; snow leopard; poaching; human influence; protection.; 6590; Russian  
  Abstract Briefly presented is history of the Chatkal nature reserve's establishment, protected flora and fauna, and intense economic activity impact on wildlife of the protected area.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 637 Serial 266  
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Author Farrington, J. url 
  Title A Report on Protected Areas, Biodiversity, and Conservation in the Kyrgyzstan Tian Shan with Brief Notes on the Kyrgyzstan Pamir-Alai and the Tian Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and China Type Book Whole
  Year 2005 Publication (up) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-276  
  Keywords Report; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; biodiversity; conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Tian; Tian-Shan; shan; Pamir-Alai; mountains; mountain; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; China; environmental; study; former; soviet; central; Central Asia; asia; land; Forest; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Chinese; range; republic; wildlife; International; research; land-use; land use; recent; inner; project; ecological; Middle; Middle Asia; Organization; awareness; region; preserve; species; ecosystems; ecosystem; potential; community; Biodiversity conservation; Xinjiang; information; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; protection; flora; fauna; mammals; birds; reptiles; amphibians; endemic; plants; plant; history; Southern; survey; protect; river; heart  
  Abstract Kyrgyzstan is a land of towering mountains, glaciers, rushing streams, wildflowercovered meadows, forests, snow leopards, soaring eagles, and yurt-dwelling nomads. The entire nation lies astride the Tian Shan1, Chinese for “Heavenly Mountains”, one of the world's highest mountain ranges, which is 7439 m (24,400 ft) in elevation at its highest point. The nation is the second smallest of the former Soviet Central Asian republics. In

spite of Kyrgyzstan's diverse wildlife and stunning natural beauty, the nation remains little known, and, as yet, still on the frontier of international conservation efforts. The following report is the product of 12 months of research into the state of conservation and land-use in Kyrgyzstan. This effort was funded by the Fulbright Commission of the U.S. State Department, and represents the most recent findings of the author's personal environmental journey through Inner Asia, which began in 1999. When I first started my preliminary research for this project, I was extremely surprised to learn that, even though the Tian Shan Range has tremendous ecological significance for conservation efforts in middle Asia, there wasn't a single major international conservation organization with an office in the former Soviet Central Asian republics. Even more surprising was how little awareness there is of conservation issues in the Tian Shan region amongst conservation workers in neighboring areas who are attempting to preserve similar species assemblages and ecosystems to those found in the Tian Shan. Given this lack of awareness, and the great potential for the international community to make a positive contribution towards improving the current state of biodiversity conservation in Kyrgyzstan and Central Asia, I have summarized my findings on protected areas and conservation in Kyrgyzstan and the Tian Shan of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang in the chapters below. The report begins with some brief background information on geography and society in the Kyrgyz Republic, followed by an overview of biodiversity and the state of conservation in the nation, which at the present time closely parallels the state of conservation in the other former Soviet Central Asian republics. Part IV of the report provides a catalog of all major protected areas in Kyrgyzstan and the other Tian Shan nations, followed by a list of sites in Kyrgyzstan that are as yet unprotected but merit protection. In the appendices the reader will find fairly comprehensive species lists of flora and fauna found in the Kyrgyz Republic, including lists of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, trees and shrubs, wildflowers, and endemic plants. In addition, a

draft paper on the history and current practice of pastoral nomadism in Kyrgyzstan has been included in Appendix A. While the research emphasis for this study was on eastern Kyrgyzstan, over the course of the study the author did have the opportunity to make brief journeys to southern Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Xinjiang. While falling short of being a definitive survey of protected areas of the Tian Shan, the informational review which

follows is the first attempt at bringing the details of conservation efforts throughout the entire Tian Shan Range together in one place. It is hoped that this summary of biodiversity and conservation in the Tian Shan will generate interest in the region amongst conservationists, and help increase efforts to protect this surprisingly unknown range that forms an island of meadows, rivers, lakes, and forests in the arid heart of Asia.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Kyrgyzstan Editor  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Fulbright Fellow – Environmental Studies, Kyrgyzstan, Former Soviet Central Asia 2003-2004 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1060 Serial 269  
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