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Fix, A.S.; Riordan, D.P.; Hill, H.T.; Gill, M.A.; Evans, M.B. |
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Feline panleukopena virus and subsequent canine-distemper virus infection in two snow leopards (Panthera uncia) |
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1989 |
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Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
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20 |
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3 |
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273-281 |
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diagnosis; fecal; Fpv; leukemia; panleukopenia; panthera uncia; snow leopard; therapy; vaccination; veterinary; Virus; zoo |
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Two adult snow leopards (Panthera uncia), male and female, both with vaccinations current, became infected with feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) at the Blank Park Zoo, Des Moines, Iowa, in late 1988. Clinical signs included weakness, hemorrhagic feces, fever, seizures, and nasal discharge. Blood analysis revealed severe lymphopenia and mild anemia. A positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for FPV on fecal contents from the male leopard confirmed the diagnosis. In spite of intensive therapy, both animals died. Necropsy of the female, which survived for 1 wk after onset of signs, revealed intestinal crypt necrosis, pulmonary consolidation, necrotizing laryngitis, and diffuse lymphoid depletion. The male leopard, which lived 3 wk after onset of illness, had similar enteric and lymphoid lesions. In addition, there was a severe interstitial pneumonia, with syncytial cells containing eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Ultrastructural characteristics of these inclusions featured tubular structures consistent with a paramyxovirus. Although repeated virus isolation attempts from the affected lung were negative, polyclonal and monoclonal fluorescent antibody tests were strongly positive for canine distemper virus (CDV). Frozen paired sera from each leopard demonstrated very high acute and convalescing titers to FPV; both animals also seroconverted to CDV, with titers in the male leopard higher than those in the female. Additional tests for toxoplasmosis, feline infectious peritonitis, feline rhinotracheitis, feline calicivirus, feline leukemia, canine parainfluenza, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus were all negative. The neurologic signs present in these leopards remained unexplained, but may have been attributable to CDV infection. A feral cat trapped on zoo property had feces positive for FPV by ELISA. Although the specific contributions of FPV and CDV toward the development of this case are unknown, it is likely that initial FPV-induced immunosuppression allowed the subsequent development of CDV in these snow leopards. The likelihood that initial FPV infection came from feral cats underscores the importance of feral animal control on zoo premises. |
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Addresses:FIX AS, IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT VET PATHOL,AMES,IA 50011IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,VET DIAGNOST LAB,AMES,IA 50011BLANK PK ZOO,DES MOINES,IA 50315NORDEN LABS INC,LINCOLN,NE 68501NATL VET SERV LABS,AMES,IA 50010 Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Connective Phrase: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 147 |
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277 |
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Author |
Jalanka, H.H. |
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Title |
Medetomidine-induced and ketamine-induced immobilization of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) doses, evaluation and reversal by atipamezole |
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Year |
1989 |
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Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
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20 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
154-162 |
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immobilization; drugs; dossage; doses; medetomidine; ketamine; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; atipamezole; browse; 1500 |
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Addresses:JALANKA HH, HELSINKI ZOO,SF-00570 HELSINKI,FINLAND Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 146 |
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484 |
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Jalanka, H.H. |
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Evaluation and comparison of 2 ketamine-based immobilization techniques in snow leopards (Panthera uncia) |
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1989 |
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Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
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20 |
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2 |
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163-169 |
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ketamine; immobilization; capture; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medicine; medical; browse; 1530 |
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Addresses:JALANKA HH, HELSINKI ZOO,SF-00570 HELSINKI,FINLAND Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 148 |
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485 |
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Ryan, J.A.; Roudebush, P.; Shores, J. |
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Title |
Laryngeal obstruction associated with cuterebrosis in a snow leopard (Felis-uncia) |
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1990 |
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Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
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21 |
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3 |
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346-352 |
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Cuterebrosis; medecine; veterinary; medical; zoo; zoos; medicine; browse; 1480 |
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Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA
Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 160 |
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837 |
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Karesh, W.B.; Russell, R. |
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Ovarian dysgerminoma in a snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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Year |
1988 |
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Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine |
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19 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
223-225 |
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medicine; ovarian; Dysgerminoma; veterinary; medical; zoos; zoo; browse; 1520 |
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Addresses:KARESH WB, WOODLAND PK ZOOLOG GARDENS,5500 PHINNEY AVE N,SEATTLE,WA 98103UNIV WASHINGTON,DIV ANIM MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195 Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 115 |
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515 |
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Karesh, W.B.; Asterino, R. |
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Mandibular osteomyelitis in a snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) with a review of osteomyelitis in other species and man |
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Journal Article |
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1988 |
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Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine |
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19 |
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3 |
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137-142 |
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osteomyelitis; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; browse; 1540 |
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Addresses:KARESH WB, WOODLAND PK ZOOL GARDENS,5500 PHINNEY AVE N,SEATTLE,WA 98103AVIAN & EXOT ANIM HOSP,HAWTHORNE,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 132 |
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516 |
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Machado, C.; Brown, P.; Turner, R. |
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Dental crown restorations on a snow leopard |
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1984 |
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Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine |
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15 |
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4 |
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146-150 |
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dentistry; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; captivity; browse; 1560 |
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In the spring of 1983 the San Francisco Zoo received a female snow leopard (Panthera uncia) as part of an exotic animal exchange program with the People's Republic of China. Upon examination, it was found that this nine-yea old, seventy-five pound, wild-trapped animal had sustained considerable dental injuries, including fractures of all maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. The purpose of this paper is to describe the dental procedures undertaken to restore the physiological function of all four canines. |
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Addresses:MACHADO C, SAN FRANCISCO ZOO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 74 |
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633 |
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Kazensky, C.A.; Munson, L.; Seal, U.S. |
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Title |
The effects of melengestrol acetate on the ovaries of captive wild felids |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine |
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29 |
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1 |
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1-5 |
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Mga; zoo; felids; contraception; Melengestrol-acetate; ovaries; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; snow leopard; browse; uncia; panthera; melengestrol; acetate; 1260; effects; study; ovarian; Ovary; captive; wild; wild felid; Wild-Felid; species; Follicle; Cats; cat; recent; Ovulation; doses; Dose; action; Progestin; Disease; veterinary |
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Melengestrol acetate (MGA) is the most widely used contraceptive in zoo felids, but the mechanism of contraception and the pathologic effects have not been investigated. For this study, the effects of MGA on folliculogenesis were assessed, and the association of MGA with ovarian lesions was evaluated. Comparisons were made among the histopathologic findings in the ovaries from 88 captive wild felids (representing 15 species) divided into three groups: 37 currently contracepted with MGA, eight previously exposed to MGA, and 43 never contracepted. Ninety-one percent of the felids evaluated had tertiary follicles, and no differences were noted between contracepted and uncontracepted cats. Some MGA-contracepted cats also had corpora lutea indicating recent ovulation. These results indicate that folliculogenesis is not suppressed by current doses of MGA and ovulation occurred in some cats. Therefore, the contraceptive actions of MGA do not occur by suppressing folliculogenesis, and MGA-contracepted felids likely have endogenous estrogens that may confound progestin effects on the uterus. Cystic rete ovarii was the most common pathologic finding, but they were not more prevalent in MGA-contracepted cats. These findings indicate that MGA is not associated with ovarian disease, including ovarian cancer, in contrast to the uterine lesions noted in MGA-treated cats. |
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Document Type: English. Affiliation: Taylor Veterinary Hospital, Turlock , California 95382, USA |
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SLN @ rana @ 348 |
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527 |
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Author |
Kinsel, M.J.; Kovarik, P.; Murnane, R.D. |
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Title |
Gastric spiral bacteria in small felids |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine |
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29 |
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2 |
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214-220 |
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Gastric-spinal-bacteria; snow-leopard; medical; zoo; snow leopard; browse; gastric; spinal; bacteria; 1270 |
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Nine small cats, including one bobcat (Felis rufus), one Pallas cat (F. manul), one Canada lynx (F. lynx canadensis), two fishing cats (F. viverrina), two margays (F. wiedii), and two sand cats (F. margarita), necropsied between June 1995 and March 1997 had large numbers of gastric spiral bacteria, whereas five large cats, including one African lion (Panthera leo), two snow leopards (P. uncia), one Siberian tiger (P. tigris altaica), and one jaguar (P. onca), necropsied during the same period had none. All of the spiral organisms from the nine small cats were histologically and ultrastructurally similar. Histologically, the spiral bacteria were 5-14 mum long with five to nine coils per organism and were located both extracellularly within gastric glands and surface mucus, and intracellularly in parietal cells. Spiral bacteria in gastric mucosal scrapings from the Canada lynx, one fishing cat, and the two sand cats were gram negative and had corkscrew-like to tumbling motility when viewed with phase contrast microscopy. The bacteria were 0.5-0.7 mum wide, with a periodicity of 0.65-1.1 mum in all cats. Bipolar sheathed flagella were occasionally observed, and no periplasmic fibrils were seen. The bacteria were extracellular in parietal cell canaliculi and intracellular within parietal cells. Culture of mucosal scrapings from the Canada lynx and sand cats was unsuccessful. Based on morphology, motility, and cellular tropism, the bacteria were probably Helicobacter-like organisms. Although the two margays had moderate lymphoplasmacytic gastritis, the other cats lacked or had only mild gastric lymphoid infiltrates, suggesting that these organisms are either commensals or opportunistic pathogens. |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 354 |
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534 |
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Anonymous |
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She's all washed up |
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1980 |
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New York Daily News |
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1 January |
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snow leopard, captive, Bronx Zoo, New York |
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