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Author | Marma B.B.and Yunchis V.V. | ||||
Title | A contribution to biology of the Snow-leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) (by observations in captivity) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1968 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | XLVII, issue 11. | Issue | Pages | 1689-1694 | |
Keywords | Lithuania; Kaunas zoological garden; breeding; blood characteristics; physiological characteristics; captivity; duration of pregnancy; birth; cubs; feeding; snow leopard.; 7610; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The methods to obtain the progeny of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) in captivity were being elaborated in the zoological garden of Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR. The blood characteristics for snow leopards is given and compared to that for African lions and Sumatrian tigers. A series of internal, external and clinical indices is established. The rat lasts for 5-7 day, the duration of pregnancy equals 98 days. The duration of lactation varies from 3 to 4 months. Sexual maturity is attained on the 3rd-4th year. From 1960 to 1967 in zoological garden of the world about 29 snow leopards were born, 14 of them in the Kaunas zoological garden. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoological journal | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 739 | Serial | 648 | ||
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Author | Matyushkin E.N. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard, or irbis Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775 | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1984 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Vol.1. | Issue | Pages | 42-43 | |
Keywords | Ussr; Red Data book; snow leopard; status; distribution; number; life history characteristics; conservation measures.; 7620; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775, was included in the Red Data Book of the USSR and given status III rare species with small habitat. It provides information about its distribution (from Pamir and West Tien Shan to East Sayans), habitat, biology, number, threats, and existing and required protection measures. Total number in the USSR is about 2,000 animals. There were 194 snow leopards in the zoos throughout the world at the beginning of 1980. In the USSR the species is under protection in nature reserves as follows: Ramit, Chatkal, Besh Aral, Aksu Jabagly, Sary Chelek, Almaty, Altai. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red data Book of the USSR. Rare and endangered animal and plant species. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 740 | Serial | 651 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, K.; Fuller, T.; Ming, M.; McCarthy, T.; Waits, L.; Jumabaev, K. | ||||
Title | Assessing Estimators of Snow Leopard Abundance | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | Journal of Widlife Management | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 72 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 1826-1833 |
Keywords | abundance; camera,capture-recapture,density,index,predator:prey ratios,techniques,Tien Shan,Uncia; leopard; SaryChat; sign surveys; Slims; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Tomur | ||||
Abstract | The secretive nature of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) makes them difficult to monitor, yet conservation efforts require accurate and precise methods to estimate abundance. We assessed accuracy of Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) sign surveys by comparing them with 4 methods for estimating snow leopard abundance: predator:prey biomass ratios, capture-recapture density estimation, photo-capture rate, and individual identification through genetic analysis. We recorded snow leopard sign during standardized surveys in the SaryChat Zapovednik, the Jangart hunting reserve, and the Tomur Strictly Protected Area, in the Tien Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan and China. During June-December 2005, adjusted sign averaged 46.3 (SaryChat), 94.6 (Jangart), and 150.8 (Tomur) occurrences/km. We used counts of ibex (Capra ibex) and argali (Ovis ammon) to estimate available prey biomass and subsequent potential snow leopard densities of 8.7 (SaryChat), 1.0 (Jangart), and 1.1 (Tomur) snow leopards/100 km2. Photo capture-recapture density estimates were 0.15 (n = 1 identified individual/1 photo), 0.87 (n = 4/13), and 0.74 (n = 5/6) individuals/100 km2 in SaryChat, Jangart, and Tomur, respectively. Photo-capture rates (photos/100 trap-nights) were 0.09 (SaryChat), 0.93 (Jangart), and 2.37 (Tomur). Genetic analysis of snow leopard fecal samples provided minimum population sizes of 3 (SaryChat), 5 (Jangart), and 9 (Tomur) snow leopards. These results suggest SLIMS sign surveys may be affected by observer bias and environmental variance. However, when such bias and variation are accounted for, sign surveys indicate relative abundances similar to photo rates and genetic individual identification results. Density or abundance estimates based on capture-recapture or ungulate biomass did not agree with other indices of abundance. Confidence in estimated densities, or even detection of significant changes in abundance of snow leopard, will require more effort and better documentation. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 881 | Serial | 653 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Conservation Plan for the Republic of Mongolia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | Mongolia; conservation; legal-status; Iunc; Cites; distribution; status; Altay; gobi; parks; preserves; habitat; reserves; refuge; protected-area; poaching; hunting; trade; furs; pelts; skins; coats; bones; trapping; livestock; herders; killing; habitat-fragmentation; threats; Disease; prey; diet; Mne; laws; education; management; Macne; Wwf; Islt; regulations; monitoring; Slims; tourism; conflict; browse; legal status; legal; protected; area; fragmentation; world wildlife fund; international snow leopard trust; 3890 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text Available at URL: DRAFT | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 366 | Serial | 657 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T. | ||||
Title | Ecology and Conservation of Snow Leopards, Gobi Brown Bears, and Wild Bactrian Camels in Mongolia | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; radio-collar; habitat use; movements; ecology; wild camel; brown bear; 5340 | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard ecology, distribution and abundance in Mongolia were studied between 1993 and 1999. I placed VHF and satellite radio-collars on 4 snow leopards, 2 males and 2 females, to determine home ranges, habitat use, movements, and activity. Home ranges of snow leopards in Mongolia were substantially larger than reported elsewhere. Males ranged over 61 – 142 km2 and female 58 to 1,590 km2. Cats had crepuscular activity patterns with daily movements averaging 5.1 km. Intraspecific distances averaged 1.3 km for males to 7.8 km for males. Leopards selected moderately to very-broken habitat with slopes > 20o, in areas containing ibex. Leopard distribution and abundance was determined using sign surveys. Leopard range in Mongolia is approximately 103,000 km2 but cats are not uniformly distributed within that range. High-density areas include the eastern and central Transaltai Gobi and the northern Altai ranges. Relative leopard densities compared well with relative ibex densities on a regional basis. A snow leopard conservation plan was drafted for Mongolia that identifies problems and threats, and provides an action plan. Wild Bactrian camels occur in the Great Gobi National Park (GGNP) and are thought to be declining due to low recruitment. I surveyed camels by jeep and at oases, observing 142 (4.2% young) and 183 (5.3% young) in 1997 and 1998. Current range was estimated at 33,300 km2. Some winter and calving ranges were recently abandoned. Track sizes and tooth ages from skulls were used to assess demographics. A deterministic model was produced that predicts camel extinction within 25 to 50 years under current recruitment rates and population estimates. Gobi brown bears are endemic to Mongolia and may number less than 35. Three population isolates may occur. I collected genetic material from bears at oases using hair traps. Microsatellite analyses of nuclear DNA determined sixteen unique genotypes, only two of which occurred at more than one oases. Genetic diversity was very low with expected heterozygosity = 0.32, and alleles per locus = 2.3. Mitochondrial DNA sequences were compared to other clades of brown bear and found to fall outside of all known lineages. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
Publisher | University of Massachusetts, Amherst | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 519 | Serial | 663 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T.; Fuller, T.; Munkhtsog, B. | ||||
Title | Movements and activities of snow leopards in Southwestern Mongolia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | 124 | Issue | Pages | 527-537 | |
Keywords | snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; satellite radio-telemetry; home range; activity patterns; 6310 | ||||
Abstract | Four adult (2M:2F) snow leopards (Uncia uncia) were radio-monitored (VHF; one also via satellite) year-round during 1994-1997 in the Altai Mountains of southwestern Mongolia where prey densities (i.e., ibex, Capra siberica) were relatively low (0.9/km2). Marked animals were more active at night (51%) than during the day (35%). Within the study area, marked leopards showed strong a.nity for steep and rugged terrain, high use of areas rich in ungulate prey, and a.nity for habitat edges. The satellite-monitored leopard moved more than 12 km on 14% of consecutive days monitored. Home ranges determined by standard telemetry techniques overlapped substantially and were at least 13-141 km2in size. However, the satellite-monitored individual apparently ranged over an area of at least 1590 km2, and perhaps over as much as 4500 km2. Since telemetry attempts from the ground were frequently unsuccessful dx¬ 72%_, we suspect all marked animals likely had large home ranges. Relatively low prey abundance in the area also suggested that home ranges of >500 km2were not unreasonable to expect, though these are >10-fold larger than measured in any other part of snow leopard range. Home ranges of snow leopards may be larger than we suspect in many areas, and thus estimation of snow leopard conservation status must rigorously consider logistical constraints inherent in telemetry studies, and the relative abundance of prey. |
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Notes | Journal Title: Biological Conservation | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 609 | Serial | 665 | ||
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Author | Medvedev D.G. | ||||
Title | Distribution and migration of the snow leopard in Baikal region | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 218 | ||
Keywords | Russia; Baikal region; distribution; Migration; snow leopard.; 7630; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It provided description of snow leopard distribution in Eastern Sayan, South Transbaikalia and mountains of Baikal lake as well as its migratory ways within the region. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of the Russia and neighbouring countries. Proceedings of the conference. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 741 | Serial | 670 | ||
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Author | Meklenburtsev R.N. | ||||
Title | About ecology of ibex in Pamir | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1949 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Vol. 28, edition 5. | Issue | Pages | 482-483 | |
Keywords | Tajikistan; Pamir; ibex; distribution; number; diet; reproductive biology; predators; snow leopard; commercial use.; 7640; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Ibex is distributed all over the Pamir mountains, inhabiting rocks and canyons and ascending up to 5,500 m above sea level. In summer, ibex mostly feeds upon sedge and cereals, in winter wormwood. It keeps in herds containing 15 to 30 animals. The coupling period is December; kids being born at the beginning of June. The most dangerous predators are snow leopard and wolf. Ibex is a main commercial game species. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoological journal. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 742 | Serial | 674 | ||
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Author | Ming, M.; Munkhtsog, B.; Xu, F.; Turghan, M.; Yin, S.-jing; Wei, S.-D. | ||||
Title | Markings as Indicator of Snow Leopard in Field Survey, in Xinjiang | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Chinese Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 34-39 | ||
Keywords | markings; marking; snow leopard; leopard; field survey; Xinjiang; Chinese; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; China; Tianshan Mountains; conservation; field work; length; snow leopards; snow-leopards; density; densities; pug; pug marks; marks; scrapes; scrape; feces; scent; spray; Hair; fur; prey; habitat; Habitat selection; selection; distribution; region; relative abundance; abundance; study; areas; knowledge; potential; conservation problems; Human; attitudes; attitude; 200 | ||||
Abstract | The Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) was a very rare species in China. The survey on the markings of Snow Leopard in Ahay and Tianshan Mountains is the major activity of the Project of Snow Leopard in Xinjiang, supported by International Snow Leopard Trust(ISLT)and Xinjiang Conservation Fund(XCF). During the field work from Sep to Nov 2004 the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Group(XSLG) set 67 transects of a total length of 47 776 m with mean transect length is 7 1 3 m at 9 locations.Total of 1 l 8 markings of Snow Leopards were found in 27 transects the mean density is 247km. The markings of Snow Leopard included the pug marks or footprints, scrapes, feces, bloodstain, scent spray, urine, hair or fur, claw rake, remains of prey corpse, sleep site, roar and others. From the quantity and locations of marks the XSLG got the information on habitat selection distribution region and relative abundance of the Snow Leopard in the study areas. The survey also provided knowledge on distribution and abundance of major prey potential conservation problems and human attitudes to Snow Leopards by taking 200 questionnaires in the study areas. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in Chinese | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 875 | Serial | 681 | ||
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Author | Ming, M. | ||||
Title | A diary of infrared photography | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | Man & the Biosphere | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 54 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 26-35 |
Keywords | photography; us; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Tianshan Mountains; mountains; mountain; work; field; field survey; field-survey; survey; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Kunlun; Chinese | ||||
Abstract | The vivid and interesting stories recorded by the diary which is written by the professor Ma Ming tell us specific details of surveying Snow Leopard in the Tianshan Mountains. The members of the team overcame all kinds of difficulties and dangers with persistent enthusiasm for this work, finally, satisfactorily finishing the field survey. Recently, Ma Ming just has accomplished the preliminary investigation of snow leopards in Kunlun Mountains. If you want to share the experience of the surveying, please read this diary (http://maming3211.blog.163.com). http://space.tv.cctv.com/act/video.jsp?videoId=VIDE1230446448556286 http://maming3211.blog.163.com/blog/static/109271612008112681931339/ |
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Notes | In Chinese | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 980 | Serial | 686 | ||
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