| Records |
| Author |
Jackson, R.M. |
| Title |
Home Range, Movements and Habitat use of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) in Nepal |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
233 pp |
| Keywords |
Nepal; blue-sheep; predator; prey; home-range; behavior; capture; telemetry; habitat; marking; activity; movement; tracking; blue; sheep; browse; home range; home; range; 990 |
| Abstract |
Home ranges for five radio-tagged snow leopards (Uncia uncia) inhabiting prime habitat in Nepal Himalaya varied in size from 11-37 km2. These solitary felids were crepuscular in activity, and although highly mobile, nearly 90% of all consecutive day movements involved a straight line distance of 2km or less. No seasonal difference in daily movement or home range boundry was detected. While home ranges overlapped substancially, use of common core spaces was temporally seperated, with tagged animals being located 1.9 km or more apart during the smae day. Spatial analysis indicated that 47-55% of use occured within only 6-15% of total home area. The snow leopards shared a common core use area, which was located at a major stream confuence in an area where topography, habitat and prey abundance appeared to be more favorable. A young female used her core area least, a female with two cubs to the greatest extent. the core area was marked significantly more with scrapes, Faeces and other sighn than non-core sites, suggesting that social marking plays an important role in spacing individuals. Snow leopards showed a strong preference for bedding in steep, rocky or broken terrain, on or close to a natural vegetation or landform edge. linear landform features, such as a cliff or major ridgeline, were preferred for travelling and day time resting. This behavior would tend to place a snow leopard close to its preferred prey, blue sheep (Psuedois nayaur), which uses the same habitat at night. Marking was concetrated along commonly travelled routes, particularly river bluffs, cliff ledges and well defined ridgelines bordering stream confluences--features that were most abundant within the core area. Such marking may facilitate mutual avoidance, help maintain the species' solitary social structure, and also enable a relatively high density of snow leopard, especially within high-quality habitat. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
| Publisher |
University of London |
Place of Publication  |
University of London |
Editor |
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| Notes |
Date of Copyright: 1996 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 275 |
Serial |
481 |
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| Author |
Kinoshita, K., Inada, S., Seki, K., Sasaki, A., Hama, N., Kusunoki, H. |
| Title |
Long-Term Monitoring of Fecal Steroid Hormones in Female Snow Leopards (Panthera uncia) during Pregnancy or Pseudopregnancy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Knowledge of the basic reproductive physiology of snow leopards is required urgently in order to develop a suitable management conditions under captivity. In this study, the long-term monitoring of concentrations of three steroid hormones in fecal matter of three female snow leopards was performed using enzyme immunoassays: (1) estradiol-17β, (2) progesterone and (3) cortisol metabolite. Two of the female animals were housed with a male during the winter breeding season, and copulated around the day the estradiol-17β metabolite peaked subsequently becoming pregnant. The other female was treated in two different ways: (1) first housed with a male in all year round and then (2) in the winter season only. She did not mate with him on the first occasion, but did so latter around when estradiol-17β metabolite peaked, and became pseudopregnant. During pregnancy, progesterone metabolite concentrations increased for 92 or 94 days, with this period being approximately twice as long as in the pseudopregnant case (31, 42, 49 and 53 days). The levels of cortisol metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (1.35 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the pregnant females (0.33 and 0.24 µg/g) (P<0.05). Similarly, during the breeding season, the levels of estradiol-17β metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (2.18 µg/g) were significantly higher than those in the pregnant females (0.81 and 0.85 µg/g) (P<0.05). Unlike cortisol the average levels of estradiol-17β during the breeding season were independent of reproductive success.
The hormone levels may also be related to housing conditions and the resulting reproductive success in female leopards. The female housed with a male during the non-breeding season had high levels of cortisol metabolites and low levels of estradiol-17β in the breeding season, and failed to become pregnant. This indicates that housing conditions in snow leopards may be an important factor for normal endocrine secretion and resulting breeding success. |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Texas A & M University |
Place of Publication |
United States of America |
Editor |
Sharon Gursky-Doyen |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Notes |
PLoS ONE 6(5): e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1317 |
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| Author |
Karanth, K.U., Nichols, J.D., Seidensticker, J., Dinerstein, E., David Smith, J.L., McDougal, C., Johnsingh, A.J.T., Chundawat, R.S., Thapar, V. |
| Title |
Science deficiency in conservation practice: the monitoring of tiger populations in India |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Animal Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
141-146 |
| Keywords |
population monitoring, sampling, tiger, pugmark, census, pugmark census |
| Abstract |
Conservation practices are supposed to get refined by advancing scientific knowledge. We study this phenomenon in the context of monitoring tiger populations in India, by evaluating the ‘pugmark census method’ employed by wildlife managers for three decades. We use an analytical framework of modern animal population sampling to test the efficacy of the pugmark censuses using scientific data on tigers and our field observations. We identify three critical goals for monitoring tiger populations, in order of increasing sophistication: (1) distribution mapping, (2) tracking relative abundance, (3) estimation of absolute abundance. We demonstrate that the present census-based paradigm does not work because it ignores the first two simpler goals, and targets, but fails to achieve, the most difficult third goal. We point out the utility and ready availability of alternative monitoring paradigms that deal with the central problems of spatial sampling and observability. We propose an alternative sampling-based approach that can be tailored to meet practical needs of tiger monitoring at different levels of refinement. |
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| Publisher |
The Zoological Society of London |
Place of Publication |
United Kingdom |
Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1307 |
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| Author |
Shi, K.; Jun, Z.F.S.; Zhigang, D.; Riordan, P.; MacDonald, D. |
| Title |
Reconfirmation of snow leopards in Taxkurgan Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
43 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
169-170 |
| Keywords |
administration; Beijing; China; conservation; global; habitat; management; nature; presence; province; range; research; reserve; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; species; uncia; wildlife; Xinjiang |
| Abstract |
China may hold a greater proportion of the global snow leopard Panthera uncia population than any other country, with the area of good quality suitable habitat, estimated at nearly 300,000 km2, comprising .50% of that available across the species' entire range. We can now reconfirm the presence of snow leopard in the Taxkurgan area of Xinjiang Province in north-west China after a period of 20 years. |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Fauna & Flora International |
Place of Publication |
United Kingdom |
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| Notes |
SHI KUN Institute of Wildlife Conservation and Management, Beijing Forestry University, China ZHU FUDE SHI JUN and DAI ZHIGANG Xinjiang Forestry Administration, China PHILIP RIORDAN and DAVID MACDONALD Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon, OX13 5QL, UK. E-mail philip.riordan@zoo.ox.ac.uk |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1056 |
Serial |
884 |
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| Author |
Anonymous |
| Title |
Snow leopard in Mongolia |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Pamphlet. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-27 |
| Keywords |
action plan, CCT, conservation, distribution, fur trade, habitat |
| Abstract |
This documents contains a review of the snow leopard's distribution, status and habitat in Mongolia, describes threats and conservation needs of the species, and outlines presently implemented actions. Five major threats are identified: 1) Poaching 2) loss of prey 3) degradation, fragmentation and loss of habitat 4) conflict with herders 5) lack of public awareness. Actions to mitigate the five major threats are recommended and future conservation priorities are set. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
WWF Mongolia Country Office & International Snow Leopard Trust |
Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
Editor |
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| Language |
English |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1112 |
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| Author |
Izold, J. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard Enterprise: a conservation project that saves an endangered species and supports needy families |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Anim.Keepers' Forum |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
359-364 |
| Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; project; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species; species; Support; union; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; wild; Iucn; Animals; Animal; tiger; extinction; former; zoo; Freeman; trust; work; cat; community-based; projects; Sle; impact; poverty; community; Mongolia; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Pakistan; 300; economic; incentives; prey; sustainable; herding; number; territory; income; training; products; wool; local; local people; people; zoos; Woodland-Park-Zoo; park; zoological; ecosystem |
| Abstract |
The World Conservation Union listed the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as endangered in 1974. With as few as 3,500 snow leopards left in the wild, scientists placed the snow leopard on the IUCN Red List of critically endangered species shared by animals such as the giant panda and tiger. In an effort to save the snow leopard from extinction, former zoo employee Helen Freeman founded the Snow Leopard Trust in 1981. The Snow Leopard Trust works to save this elusive cat by incorporating community-based conservation projects. One of these project Leopard Enterprise (SLE), impacts poverty stricken communities in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, and Pakistan. It assists over 300 families in its conservation efforts. The economic incentives provided via SLE have led participating communities not to harm the snow leopard or its prey, and to practice sustainable herding. Since the project began in 1997, the number of snow leopards harmed around the communities' territories has dropped to near zero. Additionally, the annual income of families that utilize the benefits of SLE has increased by 25% to 40%. SLE creates this economic benefit by providing the training and equipment necessary to make desirable products from the wool of herd animals. Snow Leopard Trust then purchases these handicraft items from the local people and them globally. Zoos can expand their conservation efforts by simply offering these items in their gift shops. Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) was the first zoological institution to sell the products, and WPZ continues to generate revenue from them. SLE is a golden opportunity for zoos to increase revenue, assist poor families, and save an endangered species and fragile ecosystem. |
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American Association of Zoo Keepers |
Place of Publication |
Topeka, Kansas |
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| Notes |
Author from Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 976 |
Serial |
425 |
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| Author |
Ishunin, G.I. |
| Title |
The Fauna of Uzbek SSR |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1961 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet; union; 2560; Russian |
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Predators |
Place of Publication |
Tashkent |
Editor |
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| Notes |
In Russian |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 14 |
Serial |
423 |
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| Author |
Taryannikov, V.I. |
| Title |
Distribution, biology and current state of the number of the rare predatory mammals in W. Gissar. The Ecology, Protection, and Acclimatization of Vertebrates in Uzbekistan |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
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| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Gissar; distribution; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2600 |
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Place of Publication |
Tashkent |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 89 |
Serial |
958 |
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| Author |
Bacha, M.S. |
| Title |
Snow leopard recovery program for Kishtwar High Altitude National Park Jammu and Kashmir State 1986-7 to 1989-90 |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-58 |
| Keywords |
Jammu; Kashmir; national park; protection; recovery; snow leopard; wildlife |
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Place of Publication |
Srinagar, Kashmir |
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| Notes |
Department of Wildlife Protection, Jammu and Kashmir State, Srinagar. Report prepared by Research Officer Mr. M. Shafi Bacha. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 946 |
Serial |
105 |
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| Author |
Chundawat, R.S.; Rodgers W.A.; Panwar, H.S. |
| Title |
Status Report on Snow Leopard in India |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
113-120 |
| Keywords |
India; Ladakh; status; distribution; home-range; conservation; poaching; hunting; habitat; parks; reserves; refuge; browse; home; range; 1700 |
| Abstract |
Gives status and distribution of snow leopards in India primarely based on sightings and kills. |
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| Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
Srinagar, India |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URL.Title, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: 1988Date of Copyright: 1988 |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 103 |
Serial |
221 |
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