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Author | Fox, J.L.; Chundawat, R.S. | ||||
Title | Observations of snow leopard stalking, killing and feeding behavior | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Mammalia | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 52 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 137-140 |
Keywords | India; stalking; killing; feeding; behavior; observations; browse; 850 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URLDocument Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 99 | Serial | 292 | ||
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Author | Jack; Jill; Jackson, P.; Wharton, D.; Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard, Ucia uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | |||
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Keywords | Slims; status; distribution; habitat; diet; China; Mongolia; Kyrgyzstan; discription; range; conservation; behavior; browse; 4040 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 4 | Serial | 426 | ||
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Author | Flerov K.K. | ||||
Title | Capra sibirica, Uncia uncia uncia Erxleben | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1935 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 115-120 | ||
Keywords | Tajikistan; wild ibex; snow leopard; taxonomy; distribution; behavior.; 6690; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It describes identification signs of ibex and snow leopard; provides data concerning taxonomy, distribution and behavioral patterns of the both species. Snow leopard inhibits the mountains of Central Asia, Tarbagatai, Altai, Sayans and southward to the Humalayas. In Tajikistan snow leopard is distributed in Pamir, and probably, along alpine strip of the ridges in northern Tajikistan. The sub-species status is not defined. It is known that the same type inhabits the area from the Sayans to Himalayas. Only in Tibet and highlands of Sychuan and Gansu lives a well-marked sub-species Uncia uncia uncioides Hodgson. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of Tajikistan, their life and importance for man. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 647 | Serial | 278 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Linking Snow Leopard Conservation and People-Wildlife Conflict Resolution, Summary of a multi-country project aimed at developing grass-roots measures to protect the endangered snow leopard from herder retribution | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 12-15 | |
Keywords | livestock-depredation; livestock; pastoralists; herders; Pakistan; Nepal; Tibet; Mongolia; India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; snow-leopard-incentive-program; economics; tourism; pens; corrals; enclosures; trapping; poisoning; killing; cubs; dens; retribution; behavior; predator; prey; Qomolangma; habitat; feces; fecal-analysis; compensation; Dogs; guard-dogs; religion; conservation; browse; depredation; snow; leopard; incentive; program; fecal; analysis; guard; Dog; 4000 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 375 | Serial | 464 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | The Snow Leopard Conservancy, Dedicated to demonstrating innovative, grassroots measures that lead local shepherds to become better stewards of the endangered snow leopard, its prey and habitat | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | livestock-depredation; livestock; herders; conflict; Iucn; enclosures; pens; corrals; trap; poison; hunting; behavior; Ladakh; guard-dogs; Dogs; economics; incentives; compensation; depredation; guard; browse; 4060 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 377 | Serial | 465 | ||
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Author | Chundawat, R.S.; Rawat G.S. | ||||
Title | Food Habits of Snow Leopard in Ladakh, India | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 11 | ||
Keywords | India; Ladakh; behavior; predator; prey; livestock; blue-sheep; ibex; ungulates; marmots; parks; refuge; protected-area; reserves; diet; habitat; scat; kills; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; 970 | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard has remained little studied in the past, and most of the information available is either in the form of natural history or anecdotal notes. The inaccessibility of the terrain and its secretive habits make this one of the more difficult animals to study in the wild. In the past decade, several ecological surveys were conducted in India, Nepal, China and Mongolia, which gave us information on the status and distribution of snow leopard (Jackson, Mallon, Fox, Schaller, Chundawat) A detailed study in Nepal through light on its secretive habits ( Jackson and Ahlborn, 1989). Even then little is known about its feeding habits. The present paper discusses this aspect from a study which was part of a detailed study conducted on the ecology of snow leopard in India from October 1987 to Feburary 1990. | ||||
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Notes | full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 305 | Serial | 223 | ||
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Author | Bykova E.A. | ||||
Title | Method of questionnaire design used for the collecting of primary data on threatened species with the example of snow leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 208-214 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; questionnaire based method; distribution; number; food; behavior; poaching; snow leopard.; 6410; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Method of questionnaire design is used for long time successfully in the various fields of zoological research. This method is most significant for the collecting of data on threatened species. It can be applied together with standard inquest and survey methods without taking remarkable financial and temporal expenses. Such data can be assigned as the base for further planning of scientific investigations of the threatened species. In the result of survey, there were gathered 96 records of Snow Leopard and its tracks of the vital functions on Ugam, Pskem, Chatkal, Turkestan and Hissar ridges. Majority of records was made on Hissar ridge either on the area of Hissar reserve, either outside of protected area. There was collected data on distribution of Snow Leopard in Uzbekistan, on its territorial and food behavior, cases and causes of poaching. As a conclusion, it seems to be rational to use the method of questionnaire design among rangers of protected areas and local inhabitants for the collecting of primary information on threatened animal species. It would be optimal to gather such data every 3-4 years that would allow receiving the fresh comparable year-by-year information. Interpretation of questionnaire data should be made with certain prudence, taking into account subjectivity of collected information. Therefore during gathering of questionnaire data it is desirable personal attendance of researcher for more accurate definition of answers on the presented questions. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status and perspectives of the protected area network in Central Asia. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 619 | Serial | 205 | ||
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Author | Bogdanov O.P. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard or irbis Uncia Uncia | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 76-80 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; Uzbekistan; Pamir; tien shan; Hissar ridge; Turkestan ridge; Chatkal ridge; juniper forest; snow leopard; species range; hunting; behavior; diet; reproductive activity; number; ibex; mountain sheep.; 6380; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard and its habitat within the USSR and Uzbek SSR are described. Its habitat in the Chatkal and Hissar ridges are described too. Given are data concerning alimentary biology, reproduction, and attitude to man. Female snow leopards become mature at the age of two three years, male at the age of four years. Reproduction occurs once every two years. Presumably, there are 10 animals in the country. Snow leopard is protected in four nature reserves in Uzbekistan and a number of nature reserves in neighbour countries. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare and endangered animals of Uzbekistan. Encyclopedic reference book. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 616 | Serial | 185 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev, E. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard along the border of Russia and Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 28 | Issue | Pages | 12-14 | |
Keywords | behavior; census; survey methods; desert-habitat; distribution; ecosystems; endangered; threatened species; home-range; territory; mammals; montane; Russia; Mongolia; scat-analysis; tracks; tracking; status; Hovsogul; Sayan; siberia; Hovsogol; browse; survey; methods; desert; habitat; threatened; species; home; range; scat; analysis; 550 | ||||
Abstract | The author discusses the distribution of snow leopards along the border of Russia and Mongolia. The range extension of the leopard indicates their ability to cross desert areas that separate mountain habitats.habitat; range extension; scat analysis; techniques; tracks/tracking | snow leopard | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL: Inst. Biol., Irkutsk Univ., Russia , data base: Wildlife Review AbstractsDocument Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 339 | Serial | 565 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev E.P. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan. The structure of habitat, ecology, protection | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 100 p. | ||
Keywords | Kyzgyzstan; snow leopard; life-history; distribution; habitats; number; diet; behavior; conservation measures.; 7240; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Habitat, status of population, geographical distribution, number, and ecology of snow leopard in Tien Shan are analyzed based on original realistic material collected 1981 through 1988.Information about irbis in the `foreign' part of its habitat is given for comparison. The reasons for snow leopard habitat shrinkage in Central Asia and Kazakhstan for over 100 years are assessed. Status of ungulate populations snow leopard prey on is given. The predator's behavioral pattern and condition in enclosure are given consideration. Protection measures are proposed. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 702 | Serial | 558 | ||
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Author | Korytin S.A. | ||||
Title | Animal's behavior near attractions. Animal's reaction to chasing with dogs. Animal behavior and traps | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 49-51 | ||
Keywords | Cats; behavior; snow leopard.; 7300; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It describes trophic behavior of the cat family species (lion, tiger, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, caracal, reed cat, wild cat and domestic cat), their reaction to dog-chasing and behavioral patterns when trapped. Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) sometime eat dead animals. After killing the prey they take it away. Irbis eats the carcass, half-risen on front limbs, beginning from the chest and front limbs or lower part of belly, usually not touching intestines. It eats slowly and spends a lot of time near the carcass and returns to the carcass several times. Known are cases that two snow leopards, or a snow leopard and wolf eating the prey together. Snow leopard usually keeps birds off the carcass. If a man approaches snow leopard normally goes away, sometimes putting up with his close presence. Escaping from dogs, snow leopard was seen to plunge into the river. When trapped, snow leopard rather easily surrenders to man. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Habits of wild animals. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 708 | Serial | 551 | ||
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Author | Akimushkin I. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard or irbis | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 139-140 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; snow leopard; number; food; behavior; reproduction; threats.; 6000; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard behavioral patterns, food preferences, and reproduction are described in a popular way. The population of snow leopard is defined to be 1,000 animals. A reason for the population decline is hunting for the sake of beautiful fur. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animal kingdom. Mammals or animals. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 579 | Serial | 49 | ||
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Author | Ali, S.M. | ||||
Title | The Cats of India | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Myforest | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 275-291 |
Keywords | lion; clouded-leopard; cheetah; tiger; leopard; snow-leopard; India; Panthera-leo; Neofelis-nebylosa; Acinonyx-jubatus; Panthera-tigris; Panthera-pardus; Panthera-uncia; behavior; ecology; snow leopard; browse; panthera; uncia; pardus; clouded; leo; neofelis; nebylosa; ancinonyx; jubatus; 820 | ||||
Abstract | Describes the range, behaviour and ecology of lion Panthera leo, tiger P. tigris, leopard P. pardus, snow leopard P. uncia, clouded leopard Neofelis nebylosa and cheetah Acinonyx jubatus. -P.J.Jarvis | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 144 | Serial | 59 | ||
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Author | Allabergenov E. | ||||
Title | Predator that will never attack a man | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | 1 207 (7. 896) | Issue | Pages | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; distribution; number; diet; behavior; snow leopard.; 5960; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Irbis is a very endangered species in Uzbekistan. The article provides a brief description of the snow leopard appearance and distribution. Reasons for reduction of snow leopard population is reduction of ungulate populations it preys on ibex and wild sheep and anthropogenic disturbance. Hunting for snow leopard is prohibited everywhere. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Vecherniy Tashkent Newspaper | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 575 | Serial | 63 | ||
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Author | Annenkov, B.P. | ||||
Title | The Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) in the Dzungarsky Alatau | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 21-24 | ||
Keywords | Kazakhstan; status; distribution; conservation; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; behavior; protected-area; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; 3010 | ||||
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Notes | Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Sixth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: KazakhstanDate of Copyright: 1990 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 163 | Serial | 74 | ||
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Author | Dang, H. | ||||
Title | The snow leopard and its prey | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1967 | Publication | The Cheetal | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 11 | Issue | Pages | 47-58 | |
Keywords | India; predator; prey; hunting; status; distribution; kills; behavior; predation; habitat; browse; 2330 | ||||
Abstract | Discusses distribution and habitat of snow leopard in India. Estimates population of 200-400 in entire Himalayan region. Reports seventeen occasions of observing snow leopards in the wild, one involving the killing of Himalayan thar. Discusses snow leopard hunting methods and food habits, and provides evidence of predation from examination of 17 snow leopard kills. | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 17 | Serial | 231 | ||
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Author | Burgener, N.; Gusset, M.; Schmid, H. | ||||
Title | Frustrated appetitive foraging behavior, stereotypic pacing, and fecal glucocorticoid levels in snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the Zurich Zoo | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 11 | Issue | Pages | 74-83 | |
Keywords | behavior; captive; fecal; feeding strategy; physiological; snow leopard; zoo | ||||
Abstract | This study hypothesized that permanently frustrated, appetitive-foraging behavior caused the stereotypic pacing regularly observed in captive carnivores. Using 2 adult female snow leopards (Uncia uncia), solitarily housed in the Zurich Zoo, the study tested this hypothesis experimentally with a novel feeding method: electronically controlled, time-regulated feeding boxes. The expected result of employing this active foraging device as a successful coping strategy was reduced behavioral and physiological measures of stress, compared with a control-feeding regime without feeding boxes. The study assessed this through behavioral observations and by evaluating glucocorticoid levels noninvasively from feces. Results indicated that the 2 snow leopards did not perform successful coping behavior through exercising active foraging behavior or through displaying the stereotypic pacing. The data support a possible explanation: The box-feeding method did not provide the 2 snow leopards with the external stimuli to satisfy their appetitive behavioral needs. Moreover, numerous other factors not necessarily or exclusively related to appetitive behavior could have caused and influenced the stereotypic pacing. | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 915 | Serial | 202 | ||
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Author | Fox, J.L. | ||||
Title | A review of the status and ecology of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | status; ecology; distribution; browse; behavior; Russia; China; Mongolia; Soviet-Union; Pakistan; India; Nepal; Afganastan; Bhutan; mating; sexual-behavior; research; surveys; scrapes; sprays; habitat; 2050 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 137 | Serial | 294 | ||
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Author | Subbotin, A.E.; Istomov, S.V. | ||||
Title | The population status of snow leopards Uncia uncia (Felidae, Carnivora) in the western Sayan Mountain Ridge | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Doklady Biologicl Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 425 | Issue | Pages | 183-186 | |
Keywords | population; status; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; Felidae; Carnivora; Sayan; mountain; Russian; Test; species; cat; Russia; area; range; Data; study; activity; activities; behavior; habitats; habitat; humans; Human; number; description; Animal; structure | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard (Uncia uncial Schreber, 1776) is the most poorly studied species of the cat family in the world and, in particular, in Russia, where the northern periphery of the species area (no more than 3% of it) is located in the Altai-Hangai-Sayan range [1]. It is generally known that the existing data on the Russian part of the snow leopard population have never been a result of targeted studies; at best, they have been based on recording the traces of the snow leopard vital activity [2]. This is explained by the snow leopard's elusive behavior, inaccessibility of its habitats for humans, and its naturally small total numbers in the entire species area. All published data on the population status of the snow leopard in Russia, from the first descriptions of the species [3-6] to the latest studies [7, 8] are subjective, often speculative, and are not confirmed by quantitative estimates. It is obvious, however, that every accurate observation of this animal is of particular interest [9]. The purpose of our study was to determine the structure and size of the population group presumably inhabiting the Western Sayan mountain ridge at the northern boundary of the species area |
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Publisher | Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. | Place of Publication ![]() |
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ISSN | 0012-4966 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Original Russian test published in Doklady Akademii Nauk, Vol. 425, No.6, pp.846-849. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1005 | Serial | 941 | ||
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Author | Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. | ||||
Title | Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Adv.Etho | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 43 | |
Keywords | abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management | ||||
Abstract | Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. | ||||
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Notes | WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 349 | Serial | 897 | ||
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Author | Johansson, O., Ausilio, G., Low, M., Lkhagvajav, P., Weckworth, B., Sharma, K. | ||||
Title | The timing of breeding and independence for snow leopard females and their cubs. | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Mammalian Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Keywords | Age of independence; Life-history trade-offs; Panthera uncia; Parental care; Pre-dispersal behavior; Separation; Subadult | ||||
Abstract | Significant knowledge gaps persist on snow leopard demography and reproductive behavior. From a GPS-collared population in Mongolia, we estimated the timing of mating, parturition and independence. Based on three mother–cub pairs, we describe the separation phase of the cub from its mother as it gains independence. Snow leopards mated from January–March and gave birth from April–June. Cubs remained with their mother until their second winter (20–22 months of age) when cubs started showing movements away from their mother for days at a time. This initiation of independence appeared to coincide with their mother mating with the territorial male. Two female cubs remained in their mothers’ territory for several months after initial separation, whereas the male cub quickly dispersed. By comparing the relationship between body size and age of independence across 11 solitary, medium-to-large felid species, it was clear that snow leopards have a delayed timing of separation compared to other species. We suggest this may be related to their mating behavior and the difficulty of the habitat and prey capture for juvenile snow leopards. Our results, while limited, provide empirical estimates for understanding snow leopard ecology and for parameterizing population models. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1613 | |||
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Author | Fox, J.L. | ||||
Title | Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 17 | Issue | Pages | 18 | |
Keywords | asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640 | ||||
Abstract | During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh. | ||||
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Notes | AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997 Document Type: English Call Number: WR99-007446 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 309 | Serial | 310 | ||
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Author | Rieger, I.; Peters, G. | ||||
Title | Observations on the mating and vocal behavior of snow leopards (Uncia-uncia) in zoological garden | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1981 | Publication | Zeitschrift Fur Saugetierkunde International Journal of Mamamalian Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 46 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 35-48 |
Keywords | mating; breeding; vocalization; zoos; zoo; veterinary; behavior; browse; 1570 | ||||
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Notes | Publisher:GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG, JENA Document Type: German | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 59 | Serial | 821 | ||
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Author | Seidensticker, J.; Lumpkin, S. | ||||
Title | The adaptable leopard; unfortunately it's no match for modern man | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | Wildlife Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 99 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 52 |
Keywords | predator; prey; poaching; hunting; behavior; feeding; conflict; habitat; browse; 1130 | ||||
Abstract | Abstract: Leopards' adaptability has become the species' vulnerability. The animals do not hesitate to eat rotting flesh and will come back repeatedly to their meal, if disturbed. People have taken advantage of this by lacing carcasses with poison. Leopards are moderate in size compared to other cats, are stealthy and can live in areas as diverse as rain forests and deserts. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 291 | Serial | 876 | ||
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Author | Schmidt, A.M.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J.; Lewis, C.R. | ||||
Title | Serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone and frequency of sexual behaviour during the normal oestrous cycle in the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1993 | Publication | J Reprod Fertil | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 98 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 91-95 |
Keywords | Animal; Animals; zoo; physiology; Carnivora; Estradiol; Blood; estrus; Female; Progesterone; Seasons; Sex; behavior; Support; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; us; government; gov't; 490 | ||||
Abstract | Serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals for six months, and correlated with daily behavioural observations in two adult female snow leopards (Panthera uncia). Three oestradiol peaks (> 21 pg ml-1; interval 3.6 weeks) were identified in a snow leopardess housed alone (two more were probably missed because of the weekly sampling schedule), and three oestradiol peaks were identified in a snow leopardess housed with a male as a breeding pair (interval 6 weeks). Daily frequencies of feline reproductive behaviour averaged 1.77 observations per observation period during weeks of high oestradiol and 0.62 during weeks of low oestradiol. Progesterone concentrations did not rise above baseline values (< 2 ng ml-1) in the isolated animal, but 6 weeks of high progesterone concentrations (4.9- 38.8 ng ml-1) was recorded in the paired snow leopardess following mating. No offspring were produced. Snow leopards were observed daily for an additional 4.5 years. Sexual behaviour peaks could be clearly identified from December through April, and average daily sexual behaviour scores were higher during these months than during the rest of the year. Intervals between sexual behaviour peaks for the isolated snow leopardess averaged 3.03 weeks. The sexual behaviour of the paired snow leopards decreased for 8-9 weeks following mating when no offspring were produced, and decreased for 13 weeks in one year when a single cub was born. | ||||
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ISSN | 0022-4251 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Document Type: eng | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 204 | Serial | 874 | ||
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