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Author |
Worley, M.B. |
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Title |
Chronic liver disease in snow leopards: A possible viral etiology |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
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Volume |
3 |
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Pages |
131-133 |
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Keywords |
captive; Chronic; Disease; etiology; International; Liver; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; veterinary; Viral; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1046 |
Serial |
1030 |
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Author |
Han, X. Miquelle, D. G., Zhang, E., Jones, M., and Jin, T.. |
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Title |
Far eastern leopard and Siberian tiger conservation measures. |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2001 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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102-103 |
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Keywords |
CCT, conservation, conservation needs, conservation strategy, distribution, Jilin Province, leopard, monitoring, Panthera pardus, Panthera tigris, poaching, recovery, Recovery plan, snow |
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Abstract |
Workshop to develop a recovery plan for the wild north China tiger population. October 20th to 23th, 2000, Harbin.
Like the Siberian Tiger, the Far Eastern Leopard is one of China's largest Felidae and lives mainly in the eastern mountains of Jilin Province. The number of leopards is very low and it is even more endangered than the tiger. There is a very close relationship between leopard and tiger conservation, especially in areas where overlap occurs. In these areas, special emphasis has to be placed on each of the species' specific conservation needs. There is urgent need to step up our efforts to study and monitor leopard populations and to develop a conservation strategy. This document contains information of the status and main threats of the Far Eastern leopard and makes recommendations on needed conservation measures. |
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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Fund |
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Widlife Conservation Society |
Place of Publication |
Harbin |
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English |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1117 |
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Author |
Manati, A.R. |
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Title |
Fur trade of large cats and the question of the subspecies status of leopards in Afghanistan (Der Handel mit Fellen von Grosskatzen und die Abklärung der Unterartenfrage beim |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2008 |
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Pages |
125 |
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Keywords |
fur trade, genetics, leopard, Panthera pardus, snow leopard, subspecies, Uncia uncia |
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Abstract |
Over a time of four years the bazars of Afghanistan were surveyed for furs of spotted wild cats, in particular leopards and snow leopards. In 2004 in Kabul a total of 28 furs of leopards were purchased by shopkeepers and 21 sold at an average price of 825 $. In the same year 25 furs of snow leopards were purchased and 19 sold to clients at an average price of 583 $. In 2006 at a single inspection double as many furs of leopards were found to be offered for sale in comparison to the whole year of 2004. Also prices had increased over the two years by 20 % to an average of 1037 $. Similarly the number of furs of snow leopards at 21 pieces was higher than in 2004, and the prices had increased to an average of 652 $. In 2007 investigations rendered more difficult, because the authorities had started to control the fur trade, and the results are not unequivocal. Clients were without any exception foreigners.
Surveys in 2004 in Mazar-e-Sharif, Kunduz, Takhar and Faiz Abad, in 2006 additionally in Baharak and Iskashem in the province of Badakhshan, revealed a regular trade in furs of spotted cats, however not as extensive as in Kabul. The most interesting finding was a fur of a cheetah in Mazar-e-Sharif, the first record of this species after 35 years.
From the surveys can be concluded that leopards still exist in the whole range of its distribution area in Afghanistan. However they don't allow any conclusion on the population size and its threat by hunting. In contrast to the leopard there exists a recent estimation of the population size of the snow leopard, saying that there are still 100 to 200 snow leopards living in Afghanistan. On the basis of these figures as well as the numbers of furs traded annually a Population and Habitat Viability Analysis was conducted. The result of this analysis is alarming. It has to be assumed that the snow leopard will be extinct in Afghanistan within the next ten years. To improve the protection of spotted cats in Afghanistan it needs both, a better implementation of the existing legislation as well as an awareness campaign among potential clients, i. e. foreigners living in Afghanistan.
The second part of this thesis deals with the question of subspecies of leopards in Afghanistan. Out of the 27 subspecies described four are believed to exist in Afghanistan. However, according to a molecularbiological revision of the species there occurs only one subspecies in Afghanistan, Panthera pardus saxicolor. To clarify the subspecies question various measures of furs had been taken in the bazars. The results revealed that the leopards in Afghanistan are the biggest of its species. However a further differentiation according to the area of origin within the country was not possible. Also the traditional differentiation on the basis of colours and patterns on the furs was not possible.
In contrast to the molecularbiological investigations published not only samples of zoo animals were available in this study but also samples from the wild. The own results confim that almost all leopards from Afghanistan and Iran belong to one and the same subspecies, P. p. saxicolor. Only in the most eastern part of Afghanistan, the Indian leopard, Panthera pardus fusca, can be found. The International Studbook for the Persian Leopard was analysed. The whole population derives from a few founder animals, which were imported in the midth fifties from Iran and in the late sixties from Afghanistan. To avoid inbreeding later on the Iranian and the Afghan lines were mixed. A female imported in 1968 from Kabul to Cologne is represented in each of the more than 100 today living animals.Mixing the two lines subsequently is justified by the genetic results of this study. Recently acquired animals from the Caucasus, however, should be tested genetically before integrating them into the zoo population. |
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University of Köln |
Place of Publication |
Germany |
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German |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1123 |
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Author |
McCarthy, T.; Breitenmoser, U.; Breitenmoser-Wursten, C. |
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Title |
A king of snow peaks, another endangered flagship species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Man & the Biosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
54 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1-1 |
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Keywords |
Chinese; endangered; flagship-species; snow leopard; species |
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Abstract |
The preface of this journal mainly introduces the distribution areas and present living situation of the Snow Leopards. For saving the endangered and solitary mountain species, The Snow Leopard Trust is a leader in effort to secure the future of the felines, besides the authors emphasize that China plays great important role in the protection, because among the snow leopards range countries, China has the most habit and is believed to harbor the largest number of snow leopard. |
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Place of Publication |
China |
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In Chinese |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 981 |
Serial |
667 |
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Author |
Ming, M.; Yun, G.; Bo, W. |
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Title |
Chinese snow leopard team goes into action |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Man & the Biosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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54 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
18-25 |
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Keywords |
Chinese; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; action; China; country; countries; number; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; survey; research; recent; Xinjiang; ecology; tracking; Animal; field; Kunlun; camera; capture; Animals; survival |
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China, the world's most populous country, also contains the largest number of Snow Leopards of any country in the world. But the survey and research of the snow leopard had been very little for the second half of the 20th century. Until recent years, the members of Xinjiang Snow Leopards Group (XSLG/SLT/XFC) , the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences have been tracking down the solitary animal. The journal reporter does a face-to-face interview with professor Ma Ming who is a main responsible expert of the survey team. By the account of such conversation, we learn the achievements, advances and difficulty of research of snow leopards in the field, Tianshan and Kunlun, Xinjiang, the far west China, and we also know that why the team adopt the infrared camera to capture the animals. Last but not least professor talked about the survival menace faced by the Snow Leopards in Xinjiang. |
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China |
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In Chinese; Edited by this magazine <Man & the Biosphere> |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 978 |
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685 |
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Author |
Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. |
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Title |
Snow leopards, livestock management |
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Unsupported: Pamphlet |
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1986 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; livestock; management; Chinese; global |
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Xinjiang Conservation Fund & International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
China |
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Notes |
In Chinese. Supported by the Global Greengrant Fund, www.greengrants.org. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1082 |
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1015 |
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Author |
Yanfa, L. |
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Title |
A preliminary investigation into the geographic distribution of the snow leopard Panthera uncia Schreber |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Acta Theriologica Sinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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5 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
184-188 |
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Keywords |
distribution; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Chinese |
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China |
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In both Chinese and English. |
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SLN @ rana @ 974 |
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1044 |
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Author |
Theile, S. |
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Title |
Fading Footprints: The Killing and Trade of Snow Leopards |
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Report |
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2003 |
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snow; leopard; poaching; trade; traffic; Cites; endangered; hunting; 5130 |
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Abstract |
Snow Leopards, in a genus of their own, are endangered big cats. They inhabit rugged,
mountainous terrain, in 12 range States – Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
There are regional differences in prey, but the cats' natural prey includes ungulates and rodents.
The global population of Snow Leopards is estimated to be between about 4000 and 7000, but
sharp declines in populations have been reported over the past decade from parts of the species's
range. High levels of hunting for the animals' skins and for live animals, for zoos, during the
last century contributed to the species's endangered status and, from the 1970s, legal measures
were taken for its protection. In 1975, the species was listed in Appendix I of CITES (the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora) and in 1985 it
became an Appendix-I species of the Convention of Migratory Species. It has been accorded
nation-wide legal protection in almost every range State, in some cases since the 1970s. In spite
of such provision, Snow Leopards have been hunted during the 1990s in numbers as high as at
any time in the past and this killing continues in the present century. This report details the status of illegal poaching and trade in snow leopards in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. |
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Traffic International |
Place of Publication |
Caimbridge, UK |
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SLN @ rana @ 499 |
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965 |
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Author |
Shah, K.B. |
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Title |
On a hunting pair of snow leopards in western Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
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Journal of Bombay Natural Historical Society |
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86 |
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236-237 |
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hunting; Nepal; predator; snow leopard |
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Bombay Natural History Society |
Place of Publication |
Bombay, India |
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SLN @ rana @ 991 |
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880 |
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Author |
Allabergenov E. |
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Title |
The cat family |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1991 |
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16-23 |
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Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Red Data book; endangered mammals; Cats; snow leopard; 5950; Russian |
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Abstract |
It provides field signs and brief comparative characteristic of cat species in Uzbekistan, five of which are included in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan and the USSR: lynx, caracal, manul, snow leopard and cheetah. Snow leopard is protected in the Zaamin, Chatkal, and Gissar nature reserves. A snow leopard female bears up to five cubs (normally two three) once in two years. Gestation period is 90 days. Female suckles her cubs until they reach the age of three four months. |
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1991 |
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Russian |
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Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Mammals included in the Red Data Book. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 574 |
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62 |
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