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Author |
Kinoshita, K., Inada, S., Seki, K., Sasaki, A., Hama, N., Kusunoki, H. |
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Title |
Long-Term Monitoring of Fecal Steroid Hormones in Female Snow Leopards (Panthera uncia) during Pregnancy or Pseudopregnancy |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314 |
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Abstract |
Knowledge of the basic reproductive physiology of snow leopards is required urgently in order to develop a suitable management conditions under captivity. In this study, the long-term monitoring of concentrations of three steroid hormones in fecal matter of three female snow leopards was performed using enzyme immunoassays: (1) estradiol-17β, (2) progesterone and (3) cortisol metabolite. Two of the female animals were housed with a male during the winter breeding season, and copulated around the day the estradiol-17β metabolite peaked subsequently becoming pregnant. The other female was treated in two different ways: (1) first housed with a male in all year round and then (2) in the winter season only. She did not mate with him on the first occasion, but did so latter around when estradiol-17β metabolite peaked, and became pseudopregnant. During pregnancy, progesterone metabolite concentrations increased for 92 or 94 days, with this period being approximately twice as long as in the pseudopregnant case (31, 42, 49 and 53 days). The levels of cortisol metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (1.35 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the pregnant females (0.33 and 0.24 µg/g) (P<0.05). Similarly, during the breeding season, the levels of estradiol-17β metabolite in the pseudopregnant female (2.18 µg/g) were significantly higher than those in the pregnant females (0.81 and 0.85 µg/g) (P<0.05). Unlike cortisol the average levels of estradiol-17β during the breeding season were independent of reproductive success.
The hormone levels may also be related to housing conditions and the resulting reproductive success in female leopards. The female housed with a male during the non-breeding season had high levels of cortisol metabolites and low levels of estradiol-17β in the breeding season, and failed to become pregnant. This indicates that housing conditions in snow leopards may be an important factor for normal endocrine secretion and resulting breeding success. |
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Texas A & M University |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
United States of America |
Editor |
Sharon Gursky-Doyen |
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English |
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PLoS ONE 6(5): e19314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019314 |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1317 |
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Author |
WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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Title |
WWF Altai-Sayan Newsletter |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6 |
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Keywords |
WWF Russia, WWF Mongolia, argali, snow leopard |
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Abstract |
WWF Russia and WWF Mongolia share the main achievements of both offices in Altai – Sayan Ecoregion regarding species conservation, protected areas, ecotourism, public awareness, education, eco clubs, fresh water. Several articles reference snow leopards:
WWF Mongolia
Argali population observation in transboundary area
WWF Russia
Ecotourism camps in the habitats of a snow leopard and argali WWF and UNDP
WWF Russia
WWF assessed the level of conflict between herders and a snow leopard in Republic of Tyva
WWF Russia
The first ecological festival in the history of Mountain Altai for snow leopard conservation! |
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Email: tivanitskaya@wwf.ru |
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Corporate Author |
Communication Staff of Altai - Sayan Programme in Russia and Mongolia |
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Publisher |
WWF |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Russia |
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English |
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English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
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1110 |
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Author |
WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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Title |
WWF Altai-Sayan Newsletter |
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Report |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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13 |
Pages |
8 |
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Keywords |
WWF Russia, WWF Mongolia, argali, snow leopard |
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WWF Russia and WWF Mongolia share the main achievements of both offices in Altai – Sayan Ecoregion regarding species conservation, protected areas, ecotourism, public awareness,education, eco clubs, fresh water. Several articles reference snow leopards and argali:
WWF Russia
Camera Trapping in Argut River Valley
Community inspection is established in Republic of Altai to take part in anti – poaching activities in the key territory for argali and snow leopard conservation
“Land of Snow Leopard” Ecotourism Project as a tool to protect Irbis and Argali by local communities
Snow Leopard and Argali inspired the Masters of Felt Making of Republic of Altai
Snow Leopard – a Treasure of Tuva. WWF introduces Tuva journalists to the snow leopard (Tsagaan Shibetu Ridge)
WWF and Oxfam –GB joint project works on capacity building of local people in Tuva
WWF Mongolia
Nature conservation through involving local residents and supporting their initiatives
Community groups trans-boundary cooperation
Altai-Sayan PA administration staff start to undertake quality research activities at experts level |
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Email: khulan@wwf.mn |
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Corporate Author |
Communication Staff of Altai - Sayan Programme in Russia and Mongolia |
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Publisher |
WWF |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Russia |
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English |
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English |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1138 |
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Author |
Hameed, S. |
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Title |
Population status of the snow leopard and its conflict with local people in laspur valley, Chitral, Pakistan |
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Manuscript |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
1-77 |
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The present study was designed to determine the status of snow leopard in Laspur valley, Chitral (Khyber Pakhtunkhawa) by using multiple census methods. |
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Master's thesis |
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Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Pakistan |
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English |
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Notes |
M.Phil Thesis, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS) – Arid Agriculture University |
Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1327 |
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Author |
Ashraf, N. |
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Title |
Competition For Food Between Markhor And Domestic Goat In Chitral, Pakistan |
Type |
Manuscript |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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1-76 |
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Abstract |
The present study was, therefore, designed to collect data on feeding aspects of Markhor and domestic goat in Chitral area, in order to examine the extent of resource competition between two species. The objectives of study were;
To analyze the food composition of Markhor and domestic goat.
To determine the degree of competition between Markhor and domestic goat in terms of forage consumption.
To provide recommendation for managing Markhor habitat and reducing competition with domestic livestock. |
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Master's thesis |
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Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Pakistan |
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English |
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Notes |
M.Phil Thesis, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS) – Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1328 |
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Author |
Khatoon, R. |
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Title |
Snow leopard (uncia uncia) diet selection in the Chitral area |
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Manuscript |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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1-90 |
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The present study will also show the dependence of snow leopard on wild prey versus domestic livestock as a food. This study will also help to estimate the highest livestock loss tends to occur in the areas due to which human and snow leopard conflict arises. As food selection varies according to the environment and availability of prey species therefore a diet study in local context would help to improve understanding of feeding ecology, and also provide scientific basis for effective conservation measures.
The objectives of the present study are
To determine the food preference of snow leopard in wild
To determine seasonal variation in selection of food by snow leopard. |
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Master's thesis |
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Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Pakistan |
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English |
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Notes |
M.Phil thesis, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS) – Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
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1329 |
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Author |
WWF Mongolia Programme Office |
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Title |
Communication and public awareness programme |
Type |
Manual |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
54 |
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Abstract |
The overall goal and vision of the project is to ensure survival of Argali and Snow Leopard in Mongolian-Russian trans-border areas of Altai-Sayan Ecoregion and replicate best practices to other parts of species ranges. The project has two modules:
•Conservation of Argali and Snow Leopard using Community based approaches and
•Establishing new PA, covering their critical habitats and improving management of the local PA “Gulzat” |
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Corporate Author |
WWF Mongolia |
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WWF Mongolia |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Mongolia |
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English |
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Notes |
Communications plan for the project, entitled “Long-term conservation of argali and snow leopard in trans-boundary areas of the Altai Sayan Ecoregion between Mongolia and Russia” |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1098 |
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Author |
Yondon, O. |
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Title |
Long-Term Conservation of Argali and Snow Leopard in the Trans-Boundary Areas of the Altai-Sayan Ecoregion between Mongolia and Russia (Second Phase) |
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Report |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-6 |
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Keywords |
Mongolia, Russia, argali, snow leopard, Altai-Sayan |
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Abstract |
Objective 1: To ensure long-term conservation of Argali and Snow leopard in the selected areas through proactive involvement of local communities and local organisations.
Objective 2. Facilitate establishing new PA in priority areas (critical habitat and migration corridors) of Argali and Snow leopard, which includes also trans-boundary PA’s |
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WWF Mongolia |
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WWF Mongolia |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Mongolia |
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English |
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Notes |
Half-year (6 month) report |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1106 |
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Author |
Mongolian News |
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Title |
50 wild sheep will be hunted this year |
Type |
Newspaper Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1142 |
Pages |
4 |
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Abstract |
Notice that the Mongolian government will allow the taking of 4 snow leopards in 2011. |
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Ardchilal |
Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Mongolia |
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English |
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Notes |
http://www.ardchilal.com/ |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1299 |
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Author |
Maheshwari, A., Takpa, J., Kujur, S., Shawl, T. |
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Title |
An Investigation of Carnivore-Human Conflicts in Kargil and Drass Areas of Jammu and Kashmir, India |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
1-30 |
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Keywords |
India, snow leopard, Kargil, Drass, Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Wildlife Protection, WWF India |
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Abstract |
Still, there are areas from where very poor information is available on snow leopard and associated species. Keeping this in view, Kargil and Drass areas of Ladakh,Jammu and Kashmir were identified as “gaps” in available information on snow leopard. Kargil has not received much attention for wildlife studies due to its proximity to the International Boundary between India and Pakistan and resultant security implications. The only information available from the area is from a study done by Sathyakumar (2003) on the occurrence of Himalayan brown bear from Zanskar and Suru Valleys in Ladakh. But there was very poor information on the occurrence and distribution of other carnivores and conflicts with humans in Kargil. Therefore, this study was felt necessary to establish the following objectives:
1. Surveys for the occurrence and distribution of snow leopard and other large
carnivores and their prey
2. To estimate abundance of prey species
3. To study food habits of snow leopard and other carnivores based on scat analysis
4. To study the of carnivore – human conflicts
5. To study the socio-economic conditions of rural community and develop local
awareness programme |
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Place of Publication ![sorted by Place of Publication field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
India |
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English |
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Notes |
Report submitted to Rufford Small Grant. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1093 |
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