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Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D. |
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Title |
An Incentive Scheme for Wildlife Conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya |
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2002 |
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snow; leopard; asia; south; central; uncia; depredation; livestock; India; Himalaya; Himalayan; conservation; prey; density; 5010 |
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The habitat of the snow leopard Uncia uncia across South and Central Asia is subject to extensive pastoral use. Levels of livestock depredation by the snow leopard and other carnivores in the region are high, and often provokes retaliatory killing by the herders. This direct threat to large carnivores is further aggravated by a depletion of wild prey due to poaching and out-competition by livestock. In this paper, we describe a pilot project in the Indian Trans-Himalaya, which uses an incentive scheme to create areas free from livestock grazing on community-owned land, thereby fostering conservation commitment among local
pastoralists, as well as contributing directly to an enhancement of wild prey density. |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
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SLN @ rana @ 487 |
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692 |
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Mishra, C.; Bagchi, S. |
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Title |
Living with large carnivores: predation on livestock by the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) |
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2006 |
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Journal of Zoology |
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1-8 |
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large; carnivores; carnivore; predation; livestock; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia |
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Livestock predation by large carnivores and their retaliatory persecution by pastoralists are worldwide conservation concerns. Poor understanding of the ecological and social underpinnings of this human-wildlife conflict hampers effective conflict management programs. The endangered snow leopard Uncia uncia is involved in conflict with people across its mountainous range in South and Central Asia, where pastoralism is the predominant land use, and is widely persecuted in retaliation. We examined human-snow leopard conflict at two sites in the Spiti region of the Indian Trans-Himalaya, where livestock outnumber wild ungulates, and the conflict is acute. We quantified the snow leopard's dependence on livestock by assessing its diet in two sites that differed in the relative abundance of livestock and wild ungulates. We also surveyed the indigenous Buddhist community's attitudes towards the snow leopard in these two sites. Our results show a relatively high dependence of snow leopards on livestock. A higher proportion of the snow leopard's diet (58%) was livestock in the area with higher livestock (29.7 animals km^2) and lower wild ungulate abundance (2.1-3.1 bharal Pseudois nayaurkm^2), compared with 40% of diet in the area with relatively lower livestock (13.9km^2) and higher wild ungulate abundance (4.5-7.8 ibex Capra ibexkm^2). We found that the community experiencing greater levels of livestock losses was comparatively more tolerant towards the snow leopard. This discrepancy is explained by the presence of a conservation-incentive program at the site, and by differences in economic roles of livestock between these two communities. The former is more dependent on cash crops as a source of income while the latter is more dependent on livestock, and thereby less tolerant of the snow leopard. These data have implications for conflict management strategies. They indicate that the relative densities of livestock and wild prey may be reasonable predictors of the extent of predation by the snow leopard. However, this by itself is not an adequate measure of the intensity of conflict even in apparently similar cultural settings. |
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SLN @ rana @ 862 |
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696 |
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Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.; Datta, A. |
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Title |
Mammals of the high altitudes of western Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya: an assessment of threats and conservation needs |
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Miscellaneous |
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2006 |
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Oryx |
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40 |
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1 |
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1-7 |
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anthropogenic; area; Arunachal; assessment; awareness; bharal; biodiversity; carnivore; carnivores; community; community-based; conservation; deer; depredation; dhole; endangered; extinct; fauna; goral; grazing; habitat; habitats; High; Himalaya; hunting; incentives; India; indian; Iucn; leopard; livestock; livestock-depredation; livestock depredation; local; mammals; musk; musk-deer; nayaur; panthera; people; peoples; plant; plants; potential; Pseudois; Pseudois-nayaur; pseudois nayaur; range; recent; region; Report; reserve; resource; schools; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; survey; surveys; threat; threatened; threats; tiger; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; ungulate; ungulates; valley; wildlife; work; Panthera-tigris; tigris |
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The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army. |
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SLN @ rana @ 861 |
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697 |
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Author |
Norbu, U.P. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard In Bhutan |
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1997 |
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28-34 |
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Bhutan; livestock; predation; prey; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; poaching; hunting; status; distribution; education; conservation; management; yaks; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2420 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Lahore, India |
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R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 321 |
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725 |
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Author |
Nowell, K. |
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Title |
Markets for Snow Leopard Products |
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1997 |
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218-221 |
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hunting; poaching; pelts; skins; trade; fur; coat; Cites; bones; medicine; livestock; browse; 3070 |
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Lahore, Pakistan |
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R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiujmPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 322 |
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730 |
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Nowell, K.; Preisser, T. |
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Saving Their Skins; Pay herders not to hunt snow leopards? Villagers laughed at first |
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1997 |
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Herder-incentive-program; poaching; hunting; skins; pelts; furs; coats; bones; medicine; Mongolia; herders; livestock; gobi; conservation; ibex; browse; herder; incentive; program; 3880 |
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Full Text at URL: Recieved as email from Gobi . Kristin Nowell, and Thomas Preisser, are co-founders of the Los Gatos, Calif.-based Cat Action Treasury, a nonprofit fund for endangered wild cats. |
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SLN @ rana @ 324 |
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731 |
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OGara, B.W. |
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Title |
Snow Leopards and Sport Hunting in The Mongolian Peoples Republic |
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1988 |
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215-225 |
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Mongolia; gobi; Altai; ibex; argali; hunting; conservation; predator; prey; livestock; herder; herders; browse; 1790 |
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Logging, overgrazing, cultivating steep slopes and overhunting are endangering wildlife, especially big game, in many areas I am familiar with in China Nepal and Pakistan. Attempted solutions have included the formation of parks and closing hunting seasons. But, without hunting seasons in poor countries, little money is available to enforce gamelaws except in the parks. |
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International Snow Leopared Trust |
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India |
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H.Freeman |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
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SLN @ rana @ 123 |
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736 |
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Oli, M.K. |
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Snow leopards and local human population in a protected area: a case study from the Nepalese Himalaya |
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1994 |
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Nepal; Himalaya; herders; herder; livestock; conservation; annapurna; protected-area; park; parks; reserve; refuge; blue-sheep; predator; prey; habitat; radio-tracking; diet; scat; feces; fecal; marmot; Manang; poaching; hunting; pelts; skins; furs; coats; grazing; burning; trekking; tourism; education; religion; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; protected area; radio tracking; radio; tracking; annapurna conservation area; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; 2110 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 240 |
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748 |
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Ranjitsinh, M.K. |
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Title |
Parks, people and the snow leopard: the Indian Endeavor |
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1994 |
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289-296 |
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India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; people; livestock; herders; economics; conservation; Wwf; Jammu; Kashmir; browse; protected; areas; 3800 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 248 |
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805 |
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Rawat, G.S.; Pandey, S.; Panwar, H.S. |
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Title |
Eco-development and management needs for snow leopard conservation in Himalayan Protected Areas |
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1994 |
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297-303 |
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development; eco-development; management; conservation; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; park; preserve; Himalaya; Pin-valley; Himachal; herders; livestock; fire-wood; browse; eco; protected; areas; firewood; fire; 3810 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 249 |
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809 |
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Reading, R.P.; Amgalanbaatar, S.; Mix, H.; Lhagvasuren, B. |
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Argali Ovis ammon surveys in Mongolia's South Gobi |
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1997 |
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Oryx |
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31 |
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4 |
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285-294 |
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Mongolia; argali; gobi; livestock; population; status; 5220 |
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Claims poaching and competition with domestic livestock are threatening the argali's survival in Mongolia. The author's conducted aerial and ground surveys in the South Gobi and estimated a populaton size of approximately 3,900 argali. |
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Full text available at URL. |
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SLN @ rana @ 507 |
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811 |
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Author |
Schaller, G. |
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Title |
Surveys of Mountain Wildlife in China, Report # 4 |
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1986 |
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11 |
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Xinjiang; Tian-Shan; Tian; Taxkorgan; Horendaban-Shan; Horendaban; surveys; field-work; prey; livestock; hunting; poaching; herders; browse; 4210 |
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Full text available at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 409 |
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853 |
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Schaller, G. |
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Surveys of Mountain Wildlife in China, Report # 6 |
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1987 |
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10 |
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Xinjiang; Tian-Shan; Tomur-Feng; tibetan-plateau; Altun; surveys; methods; hunting; livestock; grazing; browse; 4200 |
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Full Text Available at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 408 |
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854 |
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Author |
Schaller, G. |
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Title |
Wildlife Survey in Tibet, Report #8 |
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Year |
1988 |
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Keywords |
Tibet; survey; Kashi; Xinjiang; antelope; wild-ass; gazzele; argali; blue-sheep; yak; wolf; brown-bear; livestock; hunting; trapping; poaching; browse; 4300 |
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Notes |
Full Text at URL |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 418 |
Serial |
856 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Schaller, G.B.; Tserendeleg, J.; Amarsana, G. |
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Title |
Observations on snow leopards in Mongolia |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
33-42 |
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Keywords |
Mongolia; gobi; Altay; Altai; survey; surveys; habitat; scrapes; markings; feces; spray; distribution; status; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; activity; conservation; home-range; protected-areas; movements; predator; prey; diet; livestock; herders; ibex; argali; hunting; poaching; trapping; killing; browse; home range; protected areas; protected; 2710 |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. International Snow Leopard TrustPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 258 |
Serial |
870 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Spearing, A. |
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Title |
The Snow Leopard in Zanskar, Jammu & Kashmir, NW India |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
snow; leopard; India; conflict; Human; livestock; herders; attitudes; opinions; population; trends; poaching; killing; illegal; conservation; programs; rural; co-existence; 5090 |
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Abstract |
The paper summarises the alleged conflict between livestock herders and wild predators in the trans-Himalayan region of Zanskar, NW India. The snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is seriously threatened by this conflict, with at least thirteen killed in the last seven years in 3 of the study villages alone. Results of snow leopard sign surveys are described, revealing significant increases since the last survey (1986) consistent with alleged increases in livestock depredation. Attitudes toward wildlife and opinions on population trends are assessed. Depredation hotspots are identified and the cost of livestock predation is
discussed in terms of recent developments and social changes in the Zanskar region.
Illegal hunting and retaliatory killing are described, and essential programs and
conservation measures are suggested. Even at this early stage, there appears scope for raising rural incomes and lifting the burden of co-existence with snow leopard and other unique mountain fauna. |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Islt |
Editor |
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Notes |
Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 495 |
Serial |
919 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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| |
Title |
Indo-US Snow Leopard Project |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| |
Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Snowline |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
No. 10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Garhwal; Himalayas; Govind; Givind-Pashu-Vihar; depredation; killing; livestock; surveys; research; Himachal-Pradesh; Himachal; browse; 4810 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Notes |
Full Text at URL; Progress ReportJournal Title: Snow Line |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 468 |
Serial |
921 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Hongfei; Natural-Partnership-Program; conservation; education; retribution; herders; livestock; killing; indicator-species; training; workshops; NGO's; Wwf; SLC's; web-of-life-poster; browse; 4410 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1.ISLT Hires Snow Leopard Conservationist in China2.Six New Zoos Join Natural Partnership Program3.1999Field Conservation Program of Work4.1999 Conservation Education Program of Work |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 429 |
Serial |
926 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Summer/ Fall 1999 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
distribution; stutus; fur-trade; bones; medicine; conservation; enforcement; awareness; education; poaching; killing; hunting; web-of-life-poster; Slims; Nepal; field-study; Mongolia; prey; pelts; livestock; retaliatory-killing; habitat; browse; 4420 |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Conservation Challenges2.Education in Action: Posters Distributed in Mongolia and Bhutan3.5th SLIMS Workshop Held in Nepal4.News and Notes5.Thoughts From a Snow Leopard6.Snow Leopard Spot |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 430 |
Serial |
927 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Autumn/ Winter 2000 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
McCarthy; Mongolia; field-work; surveys; collars; habitat; research; home-ranges; tourism; parks; preserves; reserves; Islt; Nepal; women; conservation; awareness; herders; crafts; livestock; pelts; furs; bones; hunting; incentives; browse; 4370 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, Wa |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1. Dr. Tom McCarhty Joins ISLT Team2.Community Based Tourism3.Women and Snow Leopard Conservation4.Taking Stock in Snow Leopard Conservation5.Saving the Snow Leopard with Knitting Needles |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 425 |
Serial |
928 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Summer 2000 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Woodland-Park-Zoo; seattle; cubs; McCarthy; Allen; volunteer; Peter-Mathiessen; Chitrol-Gol; Pakistan; livestock; predator; prey; killing; Haleem; field-study; research; corraling; villagers; herders; browse; 4380 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Woodland Park Zoo Society Awards $65,000 Challenge Grant to ISLT2.ISLT Completes Search for Conservation Director and Program Officer3.Volunteer Needed4.News and Notes5.Donate to ISLT on the Internet without Spending a Cent6.Seven Snow Leopards Spotted in Chitral Gol National Park in Pakistan |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 426 |
Serial |
929 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Spring 2000 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Rutherford; Freeman; Morse; Jackson; Hillard; Natural-Partnerships-Program; Pakistan; Islt; Slims; training; Chitrol-Gol; parks; preserves; reserves; protected-areas; surveys; Hemis; Conflict-Resolution-Workshop; conflict; herders; leh; Jammu; Kashmir; Ladakh; corrals; predator; prey; livestock; depradation; human-wildlife-conflict; Uzbekistan; Gissar; Peace-Corps; Mongolia; Macne; fiction; populations; browse; 4390 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, Wa |
Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Transitions at the Trust2.Message From ISLT Founder Helen Freeman and President Charles Morse3.Jakson and Hillard to Leave ISLT for New Pursuits4. News and Notes5. ISLT's Natural Partnerships Program6.Thoughts from a Snow Leopard7. Snow Leopards, Local People,and Livestock losses: Solutions through Paticipation8.U.S. Peace Corps and ISLT Team Up in Mongolia |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 427 |
Serial |
930 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Villagers Release Captured Snow Leopard |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1 |
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Keywords |
Jamalabad; Pakistan; herders; livstock; Wwf; Khunjerab livestock; predation; conflict; Islt; browse; 4470 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 435 |
Serial |
931 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Summer 2001 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Islt; Woodland-Park-Zoo; seattle; Snow-leoaprd-Summit; Slss; threats; conservation; donation; field-study; surveys; Pakistan; Kyrgastan; Kyrgyz-Republic; India; research; staff; expansion; programs; education; herders; interviews; funding; travel; livestock; browse; 4350 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1.ISLT to Host Snow Leopard Summit2.Trust Receives $100,000 Anonymous Donation3.Report from the Field |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 423 |
Serial |
933 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Title |
Snow Leopard News Spring 2001 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Snow Leopard News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Annual-Appeals-Fund; conservation-programs; populations; Kyrgyz-Republic; Soviet-Union; China; India; Mongolia; Pakistan; Charudutt; incentive; Woodland-Park-Zoo; cub; Death; veterinary; medicine; Bayarjargal; raffle; Dorothy-McLean; volunteers; poaching; hunting; pelts; furs; bones; herders; killing; livestock; browse; 4360 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Programs to Expand Thanks to Annual Appeal Funds2.Zoo and ISLT Mark Passing of Snow Leopard Cub3.Irbis Enterprises National Coordinator Visits Seattle4.A Raffle for the Snow Leopard5.Stock Gifts to ISLT6.ISLT Wants You7.Situation Worsens in Kyrgyz Republic8.ISLT Wish List |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 424 |
Serial |
934 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
