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Author | Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. | ||||
Title | Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Adv.Etho | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 43 | |
Keywords | abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management | ||||
Abstract | Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. | ||||
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WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 349 | Serial | 897 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Species Survival Commission Plan for Snow Leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | conservation; management; ecology; browse; 2080 | ||||
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Unpub. draft for Cat Specialist Action Plan, IUCN, Gland. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 192 | Serial | 449 | ||
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Author | Rodenburg, W.F. | ||||
Title | The Trade in Wild Animal Furs in Afghanistan | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1977 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | Afghanistan; pelts; hunting; poaching; pelt; coat; fur; skin; browse; 2480 | ||||
Abstract | Estimated that 70-80 snow leopard pelts were traded annually at the Kabul bazaar. | ||||
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UNDP/FAO Project Field Document AFG/74/016, Kabul. Date of Copyright: 1977 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 40 | Serial | 826 | ||
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Author | Ale, S.B.; Karky, B.S. | ||||
Title | Observations on Conservation of Snow Leopards in Nepal | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | 4880; bio; conservation; diversity; enclave; leopard; management; Nepal; poverty; protected; protection; religion; uncia | ||||
Abstract | The wild populations of snow leopards are threatened in Nepal. For their effective conservation, this paper seeks to build a strategy based not only on protected enclaves but also on landscapes, using an integrated grass-roots approach that essentially reduces poverty and addresses the needs of human beings and that of wildlife. Also equally relevant in places with a strong hold by religious and cultural authorities in the decision-making processes is the recognition and possible integration of cultural and traditional belief systems in overall snow leopard conservation schemes. | ||||
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Islt | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 474 | Serial | 57 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Status, Distribution, and Protected Areas Coverage | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | snow; leopard; status; distribution; range; China; Bhutan; conservation; protection; protected; protect; areas; Afghanistan; Nepal; Ussr; population; kyrgystan; Pakistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; 4980 | ||||
Abstract | This document reports on the status, distribution and protected areas coverage for snow leopard across its range in Central Asia. It is intended to aid in updating the existing knowledge base of snow leopard status and distribution during the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS) Workshop organized by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), and to be held in Seattle on May 21-25, 2002. The SLSS workshop provides an unique opportunity to solicit feedback from scientists, conservation organizations, government agencies and knowledgeable experts in order to: (1) Verify the accuracy of information presented in this document (much of which was published 5-10 years ago) and to identify data gaps, especially with respect to population size and protectedareas coverage for this species; (2) Aid organizations in developing tightly targeting conservation actions by identifying critical snow leopard areas, parks and reserves, and by implication, the intervening linking corridors linking key protected areas; (3) Serve as a catalyst for encouraging range-countries to conduct field surveys into snow leopard status and distribution, especially in those areas deemed the most important to the maintenance of a viable metapopulation across the 12 countries in which the species' occurs. |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 484 | Serial | 470 | ||
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Author | Spearing, A. | ||||
Title | A Note on the Prospects for Snow Leopard Census Using Photographic Capture | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | snow; leopard; photo; trap; camera; image; capture; 35mm; film; 5080 | ||||
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 494 | Serial | 918 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R.; Nepali, H.S.; Sherpa, A.R. | ||||
Title | Aspects of wildlife protection and utilization in the Makalu-Barun Conservation Area | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 76 | ||
Keywords | protected-area; conservation; park; parks; reserve; refuge; Nepal; Makalu-Barun; browse; protected; area; areas; protected area; protected areas; makalu barun; makalu; barun; 3380 | ||||
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The Makalu-Barun Conservation Project Working Paper Publication Series 11. Kathmandu, Nepal | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 170 | Serial | 446 | ||
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Author | Chundawat, R.S. | ||||
Title | Ecological Studies of Snow Leopard and its Associated Prey Species in Hemis High Altitude Park, Ladakh (J&K) | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 90 pages | ||
Keywords | India; Ladakh; snow-leopard; predator; prey; herder; blue-sheep; habitat; herders; Hemis; parks; reserves; refuge; protected-area; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; 980 | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
Publisher | University of Rajasthan | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Snow Leopard Trust holds one copyPlace of Publication: Indira Gandhi Centre for Human Ecology, Environmental and Population Studies, University of Rajastan, Jaipur-302 004, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1992 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 188 | Serial | 224 | ||
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Author | Bannikov, A. | ||||
Title | Mammals of the Mongolian People's Republic | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 1954 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | Mongolia; snow-leopard; browse; 2680; Russian | ||||
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Publisher | Academy of Sciences | Place of Publication | Moscow | Editor | |
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Russian | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 15 | Serial | 116 | ||
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Author | Mallon, D.P. | ||||
Title | Status and Conservation of Large Mammals in Ladakh | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 56 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 101-119 |
Keywords | Ladakh; India; snow-leopard; wolf; Canis-lupus; ibex; brown-bear; bear; Ursus-arctos; parks; reserves; hunting; herders; livestock; snow leopard; browse; canis; lupis; ursus; arctos; 800 | ||||
Abstract | The distribution and status of large mammals was surveyed in a 15 000 km2 study area in Ladakh, India. Snow leopard Panthera uncia, wolf Canis lupus, ibex Capra ibex and bharal Pseudois nayaur have an almost continuous distribution throughout; Ladakh urial Ovis vignei, Tibetan argali Ovis ammon, wild ass Equus kiang and brown bear Ursus arctos have a limited distribution. Snow leopard prefer lower altitudes and rocky, undisturbed areas. Ibex and bharal occupy similar rocky habitats but their ranges are mostly separate, with a small area of overlap. The Ladakh urial shows signs of recovery from an earlier decline. Natural resources are widely used for fuel, fodder and grazing, but favourable factors include a low human population, low level of hunting and the existence of some uninhabited and undisturbed areas. A comprehensive Protected Area Network has been proposed. | ||||
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Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 175 | Serial | 647 | ||
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