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| Author | Lovari, S., Boesi, R., Minder, I., Mucci, N., Randi, E., Dematteis, A., and Ale, S. B. | ||||
| Title | Restoring a keystone predator may endanger a prey species in a human-altered ecosystem: the return of the snow leopard to Sagarmatha National Park | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Animal Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | Pages | 559-570 | |
| Keywords | conservation, food habits, genetics, Hemitragus jemlahicus, Himalayan tahr, management, microsatellite, predation, presence, scat, scat analysis, snow leopard, Uncia uncia | ||||
| Abstract | Twenty-five years ago, the snow leopard Uncia uncia, an endangered large cat, was eliminated from what is now Sagarmatha National Park (SNP). Heavy hunting pressure depleted that area of most medium-large mammals, before it became a park. After three decades of protection, the cessation of hunting and the recovery of wild ungulate populations, snow leopards have recently returned (four individuals). We have documented the effects of the return of the snow leopard on the population of its main wild prey, the Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus, a 'near-threatened' caprin. Signs of snow leopard presence were recorded and scats were collected along a fixed trail (130 km) to assess the presence and food habits of the snow leopard in the Park, from 2004 to 2006. Himalayan tahr, the staple of the diet, had a relative occurrence of 48% in summer and 37% in autumn, compared with the next most frequent prey, musk deer Moschus chrysogaster (summer: 20%; autumn: 15%) and cattle (summer: 15%; autumn: 27%). In early summer, the birth rate of tahr (young-to-female ratio: 0.8-0.9) was high. The decrease of this ratio to 0.1-0.2 in autumn implied that summer predation concentrated on young tahr, eventually altering the population by removing the kid cohort. Small populations of wild Caprinae, for example the Himalayan tahr population in SNP, are sensitive to stochastic predation events and may be led to almost local extinction. If predation on livestock keeps growing, together with the decrease of Himalayan tahr, retaliatory killing of snow leopards by local people may be expected, and the snow leopard could again be at risk of local extinction. Restoration of biodiversity through the return of a large predator has to be monitored carefully, especially in areas affected by humans, where the lack of important environmental components, for example key prey species, may make the return of a predator a challenging event. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1122 | ||
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| Author | McCarthy, T.; Murray, K.; Sharma, K.; Johansson, O. | ||||
| Title | Preliminary results of a long-term study of snow leopards in South Gobi, Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Autumn | Issue | 53 | Pages | 15-19 |
| Keywords | snow leopard, Mongolia, monitor, population, Panthera, Snow Leopard Trust, Snow Leopard Conservation Fund, South Gobi, ecology, radio collar, GPS-satellite collar, home range, camera trapping, fecal genetics, occupancy modeling | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopards Panthera uncia are under threat across their range and require urgent conservation actions based on sound science. However, their remote habitat and cryptic nature make them inherently difficult to study and past attempts have provided insufficient information upon which to base effective conservation. Further, there has been no statistically-reliable and cost-effective method available to monitor snow leopard populations, focus conservation effort on key populations, or assess conservation impacts. To address these multiple information needs, Panthera, Snow Leopard Trust, and Snow Leopard Conservation Fund, launched an ambitious long-term study in Mongolia’s South Gobi province in 2008. To date, 10 snow leo-pards have been fitted with GPS-satellite collars to provide information on basic snow leopard ecology. Using 2,443 locations we calculated MCP home ranges of 150 – 938 km2, with substantial overlap between individuals. Exploratory movements outside typical snow leopard habitat have been observed. Trials of camera trapping, fecal genetics, and occupancy modeling, have been completed. Each method ex-hibits promise, and limitations, as potential monitoring tools for this elusive species. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes |
Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1151 | ||
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| Author | Warren E.Johnson, E.E. | ||||
| Title | The Late Miocene Radiation of Modern Felidae: A Genetic Assessment | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 311 | Issue | Pages | 73-77 | |
| Keywords | classification; divergence; Dna; Felidae; genetics; Miocene; mitochondrial; phylogeny; radiation; species; taxonomic | ||||
| Abstract | Modern felid species descend from relatively recent (<11 million years ago) divergence and speciation events that produced successful predatory carnivores worldwide but that have confounded taxonomic classifications. A highly resolved molecular phylogeny with divergence dates for all living cat species, derived from autosomal, X-linked, Y-linked, and mitochondrial gene segments (22,789 base pairs) and 16 fossil calibrations define eight principal lineages produced through at least 10 intercontinental migrations facilitated by sea-level fluctuations. A ghost lineage analysis indicates that available felid fossils underestimate (i.e., unrepresented basal branch length) first occurrence by an average of 76%, revealing a low representation of felid lineages in paleontological remains. The phylogenetic performance of distinct gene classes showed that Y-chromosome segments are appreciably more informative than mitochondrial DNA, X-linked, or autosomal genes in resolving the rapid Felidae species radiation. |
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Washington D.C. | Editor | Jill Pecon-Slattery, W.J.M., Agostinho Antunes, Emma Teeling, Stephen J.O'Brien | |
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 880 | Serial | 1008 | ||
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| Author | Zhang, F.; Jiang, Z.; Zeng, Y.; McCarthy, T. | ||||
| Title | Development of primers to characterize the mitochondrial control region of the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Molecular Ecology Notes | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 1196-1198 | |
| Keywords | control region,Felidae,mitochondrial DNA,snow leopard,species-specific primers; genetics; development; mitochondrial; control; region; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia | ||||
| Abstract | The snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is a rare carnivore living above the snow line in central Asia. Using universal primers for the mitochondrial genome control region hypervariable region 1 (HVR1), we isolated a 411-bp fragment of HVR1 and then designed specific primers near each end of this sequence in the conserved regions. These primers were shown to yield good polymerase chain reaction products and to be species specific. Of the 12 snow leopards studied, there were 11 segregating sites and six haplotypes. An identification case of snow leopard carcass (confiscated by the police) proved the primers to be a useful tool for forensic diagnosis in field and population genetics studies. |
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 911 | Serial | 1073 | ||
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| Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
| Title | The Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia, in Captivity and the 1977 World Register | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1978 | Publication | Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 1 | Issue | Pages | 22-34 | |
| Keywords | captivity; snow-leopard; pedigree; zoo; Dna; genetics; snow leopard; browse; 2910 | ||||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 41 | Serial | 139 | ||
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