| Records |
| Author |
Jackson, R., Hunter, D.O. |
| Title |
Snow leopard Survey and conservation handbook (First edition) |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-120 |
| Keywords |
CCT, census, conservation, habitat, method, monitoring, prey, snow leopard, survey, Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
The objectives of this handbook (First edition) are to provide standard procedures for conducting snow leopard status and distribution surveys; suggest uniform methods for assessing the status and relative abundance of large prey species (ungulates such as blue sheep, argali, markhor, Himalayan tahr, urial, ibex, red deer, and roe deer); offer guidance in evaluating habitat quality and identifying the major environmental factors affecting species welfare; and provide standard forms for reporting the results of these field surveys, and a process for feeding information developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust into Snoe Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS). |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1120 |
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| Author |
McCarthy, T.; Fuller, T.; Munkhtsog, B. |
| Title |
Movements and activities of snow leopards in Southwestern Mongolia |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
124 |
Issue |
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Pages |
527-537 |
| Keywords |
snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; satellite radio-telemetry; home range; activity patterns; 6310 |
| Abstract |
Four adult (2M:2F) snow leopards (Uncia uncia) were radio-monitored (VHF; one also via satellite) year-round during 1994-1997 in the Altai Mountains of southwestern Mongolia where prey densities (i.e., ibex, Capra siberica) were relatively low (0.9/km2). Marked animals were more active at night (51%) than during the day (35%). Within the study area, marked leopards showed strong a.nity for steep and rugged terrain, high use of areas rich in ungulate prey, and a.nity for habitat edges. The satellite-monitored leopard moved more than 12 km on 14% of consecutive days monitored. Home ranges determined by standard telemetry techniques overlapped substantially and were at least 13-141 km2in size. However, the satellite-monitored individual apparently ranged over an area of at least 1590 km2, and perhaps over as much as 4500 km2. Since telemetry attempts from the ground were
frequently unsuccessful dx¬ 72%_, we suspect all marked animals likely had large home ranges. Relatively low prey abundance in the area also suggested that home ranges of >500 km2were not unreasonable to expect, though these are >10-fold larger than measured in any other part of snow leopard range. Home ranges of snow leopards may be larger than we suspect in many areas, and thus estimation of snow leopard conservation status must rigorously consider logistical constraints inherent in telemetry studies, and the relative abundance of prey. |
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Journal Title: Biological Conservation |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 609 |
Serial |
665 |
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| Author |
McCarthy, T. |
| Title |
Ecology and Conservation of Snow Leopards, Gobi Brown Bears, and Wild Bactrian Camels in Mongolia |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
snow leopard; Uncia uncia; Mongolia; radio-collar; habitat use; movements; ecology; wild camel; brown bear; 5340 |
| Abstract |
Snow leopard ecology, distribution and abundance in Mongolia were studied between 1993 and 1999. I placed VHF and satellite radio-collars on 4 snow leopards, 2 males and 2 females, to determine home ranges, habitat use, movements, and activity. Home ranges of snow leopards in Mongolia were substantially larger than reported elsewhere. Males ranged over 61 – 142 km2 and female 58 to 1,590 km2. Cats had crepuscular activity patterns with daily movements averaging 5.1 km. Intraspecific distances averaged 1.3 km for males to 7.8 km for males. Leopards selected moderately to very-broken habitat with slopes > 20o, in areas containing ibex. Leopard distribution and abundance was determined using sign surveys. Leopard range in Mongolia is approximately 103,000 km2 but cats are not uniformly distributed within that range. High-density areas include the eastern and central Transaltai Gobi and the northern Altai ranges. Relative leopard densities compared well with relative ibex densities on a regional basis. A snow leopard conservation plan was drafted for Mongolia that identifies problems and threats, and provides an action plan. Wild Bactrian camels occur in the Great Gobi National Park (GGNP) and are thought to be declining due to low recruitment. I surveyed camels by jeep and at oases, observing 142 (4.2% young) and 183 (5.3% young) in 1997 and 1998. Current range was estimated at 33,300 km2. Some winter and calving ranges were recently abandoned. Track sizes and tooth ages from skulls were used to assess demographics. A deterministic model was produced that predicts camel extinction within 25 to 50 years under current recruitment rates and population estimates. Gobi brown bears are endemic to Mongolia and may number less than 35. Three population isolates may occur. I collected genetic material from bears at oases using hair traps. Microsatellite analyses of nuclear DNA determined sixteen unique genotypes, only two of which occurred at more than one oases. Genetic diversity was very low with expected heterozygosity = 0.32, and alleles per locus = 2.3. Mitochondrial DNA sequences were compared to other clades of brown bear and found to fall outside of all known lineages. |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
| Publisher |
University of Massachusetts, Amherst |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 519 |
Serial |
663 |
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| Author |
Hongfa, X. and Kirkpatrick, C. |
| Title |
The State of Wildlife Trade in China. Information on the trade in wild animals and plants in China 2006. |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
3-20 |
| Keywords |
clouded leopard, economy, illegal killing, leopard, Neofelis nebulosa, Panthera pardus, Panthera tigris, poaching, policy, snow leopard, tiger, trade, TRAFFIC, Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
Welcome to the first edition of The State of Wildlife Trade in China. This publication takes a broad look at wildlife trade over the past year, particularly concerning the impact of China's consumption on globally important biodiversity 'hotspots'. The focus of The State of Wildlife Trade in China is on emerging trends in China's wildlife trade and up-to-date reviews of work to stop illegal wildlife trade and support sustainable trade. The lead story in this issue is the illegal trade in Tigers and other Asian big cats. During 2006, surveys continued to document this illegal trade, as well as highlight opportunities for action. Other stories in this issue give updates on trade in reef fishes from Southeast Asia's 'Coral Triangle' and in timber from the forests of the Russian Far East, Borneo, and East Africa. China's wildlife trade presents both challenges and opportunities. This annual report aims to provide current information about wildlife trade in China and to provide avenues for involvement in China's conservation community. It is part of TRAFFIC's on-going commitment to turn information into action. |
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TRAFFIC |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1127 |
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| Author |
Izold, J. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard Enterprise: a conservation project that saves an endangered species and supports needy families |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Anim.Keepers' Forum |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
359-364 |
| Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; project; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species; species; Support; union; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; wild; Iucn; Animals; Animal; tiger; extinction; former; zoo; Freeman; trust; work; cat; community-based; projects; Sle; impact; poverty; community; Mongolia; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Pakistan; 300; economic; incentives; prey; sustainable; herding; number; territory; income; training; products; wool; local; local people; people; zoos; Woodland-Park-Zoo; park; zoological; ecosystem |
| Abstract |
The World Conservation Union listed the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as endangered in 1974. With as few as 3,500 snow leopards left in the wild, scientists placed the snow leopard on the IUCN Red List of critically endangered species shared by animals such as the giant panda and tiger. In an effort to save the snow leopard from extinction, former zoo employee Helen Freeman founded the Snow Leopard Trust in 1981. The Snow Leopard Trust works to save this elusive cat by incorporating community-based conservation projects. One of these project Leopard Enterprise (SLE), impacts poverty stricken communities in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, and Pakistan. It assists over 300 families in its conservation efforts. The economic incentives provided via SLE have led participating communities not to harm the snow leopard or its prey, and to practice sustainable herding. Since the project began in 1997, the number of snow leopards harmed around the communities' territories has dropped to near zero. Additionally, the annual income of families that utilize the benefits of SLE has increased by 25% to 40%. SLE creates this economic benefit by providing the training and equipment necessary to make desirable products from the wool of herd animals. Snow Leopard Trust then purchases these handicraft items from the local people and them globally. Zoos can expand their conservation efforts by simply offering these items in their gift shops. Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) was the first zoological institution to sell the products, and WPZ continues to generate revenue from them. SLE is a golden opportunity for zoos to increase revenue, assist poor families, and save an endangered species and fragile ecosystem. |
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American Association of Zoo Keepers |
Place of Publication |
Topeka, Kansas |
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Author from Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 976 |
Serial |
425 |
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| Author |
Froede, K. and Jackson, R. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard Manual Field Study Techniques for the Kingdom Nepal |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-69 |
| Keywords |
analysis, census, data, field work, forms, manual, method, methods, monitoring, research, signs, snow leopard, survey, techniques, transects, Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
The publication of this manual aims sharing and facilitating the study on snow leopard and its prey species among mid-level professionals interested in conducting fieldwork on their own. The manual is derived from the 1996 “Snow Leopard Survey and Conservation Handbook” written by Dr. Rodney Jackson and Dr. Don Hunter and published by International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT) based in seatle, Washington, USA. The first section introduces the topic, the second and third section deal with presence/ absence and abundance survey methods. The various survey-froms with instructions are given in the annexes. |
| Address |
Baluwatar, PO. Box: 7660, Kathmandu, Nepal |
| Corporate Author |
WWF Nepal Program |
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WWF Nepal |
Place of Publication |
Kathmandu, Nepal |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1128 |
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| Author |
Sharma, S., Thapa, K., Chalise, M., Dutta, T., Bhatnagar, Y.V., McCarthy, T. |
| Title |
The snow leopard in Himalaya: A step towards their conservation by studying their distribution, marking habitat selection, coexistence with other predators, and wild prey-livestock-predator interaction |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
Publication |
Conservation Biology in Asia |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
184-196 |
| Keywords |
Himalaya, Nepal, ecology, snow leopard, Uncia uncia, prey, livestock, predator |
| Abstract |
Snow leopard (Uncia uncial) is a flagship species of the Himalaya. Very few studies have been done on the ecology of this species in the Himalaya. This paper presents an overview of four studies conducted on snow leopards in Nepal and India, dealing with various aspects of snow leopard ecology including their status assessment, making behaviour, habitat selection, food habits, and impact on livestock. The information generated by these studies is useful in planning effective conservation and management strategies for this endangered top predator of high mountains. |
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Paper 12; From: Pages 184-196 of Conservation Biology in Asia (2006) McNeely, J.A., T. M. McCarthy, A. Smith, L.Olsvig-Whittaker, and E.D. Wikramanayake (editors). Published by the Society for Conservation Biology Asia Section and Resources Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal, 455 pp. |
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1130 |
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| Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
| Title |
International Pedigree Book for Snow Leopards, Uncia uncia |
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Book Whole |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1-175 |
| Keywords |
International; pedigree; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; zoo; 4600; studbook |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
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Helsinki Zoo, P.O. Box 4600, FIN 00099. Blomqvist is the international studbook keeper and EEP coordinator for snow leopards. leif.blomqvist@hel.fi |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 1006 |
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173 |
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| Author |
Salles, L.O. |
| Title |
Felid phylogenetics: Extant taxa and skull morphology (Felidae, Aeluroidae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1992 |
Publication |
American Museum Novitates |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
3047 |
Pages |
1-67 |
| Keywords |
morphology; taxonomy; phylogeny; Uncia-uncia; cladistics; browse; Uncia uncia; uncia; 1450 |
| Abstract |
relationships among extant felid taxa are controversial. A historical appraisal addresses component congruence among statements on felid phylogenetic relationships, and monophyly of generic ranks proposed for felids is discussed. Felid cranial morphology (especially the masticatory apparatus, basicranium, and rostral regions) is examined, and 44 characters are postulated for 39 taxa. Internal congruence for these characters is evaluated and 27 components are suggested. Parsimony analysis, using the successive weighting option of Hennig86, of the 44 cranial characters plus 13 other morphological features yields 29 components in a “modified Nelson” consensus cladogram. Two basal, well resolved clades are hypothesized in the total morphology analysis; under parenthetical notation the first is: (Hepailurus yagouaroundi (Puma concolor (Acinonyx jubatus (Uncia uncia (Neofelis nebulosa (Panthera tigris (P. onca, P. leo, and P. pardus)))))). The second clade is: Profelis temmincki (P. badia (Pardofelis marmorata ((Caracal caracal (Lynx rufus (L. lynx (L. pardina (L. canadensis)))) (Felis chaus (F. lybica (L. cafra (L. silvestris (F. bieti (F. nigripes (F. margarita (Octocolobus manul)))))))). Prionailurus planiceps and P. viverrina formed another group which is suggested as the basal branch of the felid phylogeny. The results in this study do not support monophyly of Leopardus Gray, 1841; Profelis Severtzon, 1858; and Prionailurus Severtzon, 1858. A better supported, more highly resolved, felid phylogenetic tree is needed. |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: 590 Am3a |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 191 |
Serial |
839 |
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| Author |
Wolf, M.; Ale, S. |
| Title |
Signs at the Top: Habitat Features Influencing Snow Leopard Uncia Uncia Activity in Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Mammalogy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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90 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
604-611 |
| Keywords |
activity patterns,human activity,Nepal,predator-prey,sign data,Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
We used logistic regression to examine factors that affected the spatial distribution of sign (scrapes, feces, footprints, spray or scent marks, and rubbing sites) in a newly reestablished population of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal. Our results indicate that terrain and human activity were the most important factors determining the spatial distribution of leopard activity, whereas presence of their major prey species (Himalayan tahr [Hemitragus jemlahicus]) had only a moderate effect. This suggests that localities at which these animals are active represent a trade-off between suitable habitat and avoidance of potential risk from anthropogenic origins. However, the influence of prey presence was likely underestimated because of the methodology used, and likely weighed in the trade-off as well. |
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Department of Biological Sciences (M/C 066), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, 3352 SES, Chicago, IL 60607-7060, USA |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 1026 |
Serial |
1027 |
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