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Author |
Martin, C.L.; Stiles, J.; Willis, M. |
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Title |
Feline colobomatous syndrome |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
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Veterinary-and-Comparative-Ophthalmology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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7 |
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1 |
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39-43 |
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Blindness; Colobomatous-Syndrome; Congenital-Disease; Eye-Disease; Eyelid-Agenesis; Microphthalmos; Nervous-System; Nervous-System-Disease; Optic-Nerve; Retinal-Dysplasia; Sense-Organs; Veterinary-Medicine; veterinary; medical; browse; colobomatous; Syndrome; congenital; Disease; eye; eyelid; agenesis; nervous; system; Optic; Nerve; retinal; dysplasia; sense; organs; medicine; 1330 |
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A syndrome of multiple congenital ocular anomalies in a litter of domestic kittens is described which appears identical to the multiple colobomatous syndrome described in captive Snow Leopards. The lesions varied between kittens in the litter, but ranged from microphthalmos with blindness to mild alterations in the lateral lid margins that resulted in trichiasis. The syndrome of eyelid agenesis in the domestic cat may encompass a broad range of congenital ocular lesions and multiple siblings, but the cause and mechanism of lesion formation is unknown. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 319 |
Serial |
650 |
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Author |
Matyushkin, E.N. |
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Title |
Tracks and tracking techniques in studies of large carnivorous mammals |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Zoologichesky Zhurnal |
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79 |
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(4) |
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412-429 |
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Lynx; Scent-Marking; Organization; population; behavior; Felidae; Forest; Russia; tracking; pug marks; scent; marking; browse; 60; Russian |
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In Russia, traditions of track observations and the use of tracking techniques in studying the ecology and behavior of mammals were founded by A.N. Formozov. An analytic review of his data on large carnivorous mammals (tiger, snow leopard, wolf, brown bear, wolverine, and others) is given. A special detailed observation of animals' tracks as a source of information on their life is shown only to start. The efficiency of track observations in various fields of studies, including counting animals, is estimated. The values of day and night distances for various animal species, given in literature, have never been properly substantiated methodically. The tracking method is the most effective in studying the use of the home range by animals, drawing the network of their movements and scent-marking behavior. The hunting behavior of large predators in dense forests is can only be deduced by observing their tracks. In some cases, the use of tracking has a distinct advantage over radio tracking. The main propositions are illustrated by the materials of the author obtained in various Russian regions (in forests of the northern Russian Plain and southern Far east) for 1958-1998. |
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Document Type: Russian |
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SLN @ rana @ 391 |
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652 |
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Author |
McVittie, R. |
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Title |
Nursing behavior of snow leopard cubs |
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1978 |
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Applied-Animal-Ethology |
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4 |
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2 |
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159-168 |
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suckling; behavior; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medical; browse; 1580 |
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Reports that a preliminary project on nursing behavior in 3 young snow leopards revealed 2 phases in suckling pattern: nonnutritive and nutritive. The latter was distinguished by stereotypic rhythmical movements of the ears associated with swallowing. The cubs also demonstrated a teat preference, but the adaptive significance of such preferences and the accompanying agonistic behavior were unclear. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned) |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 37 |
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669 |
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Mishra, C.; Rawat, G.S. |
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Title |
Livestock grazing and Biodiversity Conservation: Comments on Saberwal |
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1998 |
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Conservation Biology |
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12 |
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25-32 |
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conservation; Saberwal; biodiversity; livestock; grazing; predator; prey; browse; 1950 |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 341 |
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690 |
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Mishra, C. |
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Socio-economic transition and wildlife conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya |
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2000 |
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Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |
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97 |
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1 |
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25-32 |
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economics; economy; conservation; Himalaya; trans-himalaya; India; Ladakh; browse; transhimalaya; 1940 |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 388 |
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691 |
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Mongar, T.B. |
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Title |
Protected Area System Network: A Strategy for Managing Biodiversity in Bhutan |
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Conference Article |
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1992 |
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Bhutan; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2430 |
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Title, Monographic: Fourth World Parks Congress
Place of Meeting: Caracas, Venezuela.
Date of Copyright: 1992 |
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SLN @ rana @ 194 |
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704 |
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Murray, D.; Kapke, C.; Evermann, J.; Fuller, T. |
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Infectious disease and the conservation of free-ranging large carnivores |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
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Animal Conservation |
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2 |
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241-254 |
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infectous disease; free ranging; browse; infectious; Disease; 80 |
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Large carnivores are of vital importance to the stability and integrity of most ecosystems, but recent declines in free-ranging populations have highlighted the potentially devastating effect of infectious diseases on their conservation. We reviewed the literature on infectious diseases of 34 large (maximum body mass of adults >20 kg) terrestrial carnivore species, 18 of which are considered to be threatened in the wild, and examined reports of antibody prevalence (seroprevalence) and cases of infection, mortality and population decline. Of 52 diseases examined, 44% were viral, 31% bacterial and the remainder were protozoal or fungal. Many infections were endemic in carnivores and/or infected multiple taxonomic families, with the majority probably occurring via inhalation or ingestion. Most disease studies consisted of serological surveys for disease antibodies, and antibody detection tended to be widespread implying that exposure to micro-organisms was common. Seroprevalence was higher in tropical than temperate areas, and marginally higher for infections known to occur in multiple carnivore groups. Confirmation of active infection via micro-organism recovery was less common for ursids than other taxonomic groups. Published descriptions of disease-induced population decline or extinction were rare, and most outbreaks were allegedly the result of direct transmission of rabies or canine distemper virus (CDV) from abundant carnivore species to less-common large carnivores. We conclude that the threat of disease epidemics in large carnivores may be serious if otherwise lethal infections are endemic in reservoir hosts and transmitted horizontally among taxa. To prevent or mitigate future population declines, research efforts should be aimed at identifying both the diseases of potential importance to large carnivores and the ecological conditions associated with their spread and severity. |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 356 |
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708 |
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Author |
Norberg-Hodge, H. |
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Title |
Ladakh: Developement without Destruction |
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Book Chapter |
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1981 |
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The Himalaya: Aspects of Change |
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278-284 |
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Ladakh; conservation; development; habitat; browse; 1960 |
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Oxford University Press |
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New Delhi |
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Lall, J.S. |
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Author Role: Editor |
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SLN @ rana @ 61 |
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724 |
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Novikov, G.A. |
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Carnivorous mammals of the fauna of the USSR |
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1962 |
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Ussr; Russia; ecology; distribution; skull-illustration; Soviet-Union; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; skull illustrations; skull; illustrations; 3140 |
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Brief review of physical characteristics, (skull illustration) ecology and distribution |
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Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci. |
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Ussr |
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Translated 1962, Isreali Program for Scientific Translations, Washington D.C. |
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SLN @ rana @ 16 |
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728 |
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Olaf, R.P.; Edmonds, B.; Gittleman, J.; Purvis, A. |
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Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: a complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia) |
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1999 |
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Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society |
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74 |
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143-175 |
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Carnivora; character-congruence; taxonomic-congruence; supertree; matrix-representation; parsimony; divergence-times; fossil-dates; molecular-clock; macroevolution; taxonomy; Evolution; browse; character; congruence; taxonomic; matrix; representation; divergence; times; fossil; dates; Molecular; clock; 1220 |
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One way to build larger, more comprehensive phylogenies is to combine the vast amount of phylogenetic information already available. We review the two main strategies for accomplishing this (combining raw data versus combining trees), but employ a relatively new variant of the latter: supertree construction. The utility of one supertree technique, matrix representation using parsimony analysis (MRP), is demonstrated by deriving a complete phylogeny for all 271 extant species of the Carnivora from 177 literature sources. Beyond providing a `consensus' estimate of carnivore phylogeny, the tree also indicates taxa for which the relationships remain controversial (e.g. the red panda; within canids, felids, and hyaenids) or have not been studied in any great detail (e.g. herpestids, viverrids, and intrageneric relationships in the procyonids). Times of divergence throughout the tree were also estimated from 74 literature sources based on both fossil and molecular data. We use the phylogeny to show that some lineages within the Mustelinae and Canidae contain significantly more species than expected for their age, illustrating the tree's utility for studies of macroevolution. It will also provide a useful foundation for comparative and conservational studies involving the carnivores.
(Received June 2 1998)(Revised November 27 1998)(Accepted December 16 1998) |
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Copyright c Cambridge Philosophical Society 1999 Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 371 |
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739 |
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