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| Author | Augugliaro, C., Christe, P., Janchivlamdan, C., Baymanday, H., Zimmermann, F. | ||||
| Title | Patterns of human interaction with snow leopard and co-predators in the Mongolian western Altai: Current issues and perspectives | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Global Ecology and Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | Pages | 1-21 | |
| Keywords | Depredation Human-carnivores interaction Mongolian altai Snow leopard Wolf Wolverine | ||||
| Abstract | Large carnivores can cause considerable economic damage, mainly due to livestock depredation. These conficts instigate negative attitude towards their conservation, which could in the extreme case lead to retaliatory killing. Here we focus on the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), a species of conservation concern with particularly large spatial requirements. We conducted the study in the Bayan Olgii province, one of the poorest provinces of Mongolia, where the majority of the human population are traditional herders. We conducted a survey among herders (N 261) through a semi-structured questionnaire with the aim to assess: the current and future herding practices and prevention measures, herders’ perceptions and knowledge of the environmental protection and hunting laws; the perceived livestock losses to snow leopard, wolf (Canis lupus), and wolverine (Gulo gulo), as well as to non-predatory factors; the key factors affecting livestock losses to these three large carnivores; and, finally, the attitudes towards these three large carnivores. Non-predatory causes of mortality were slightly higher than depredation cases, representing 4.5% and 4.3% of livestock holdings respectively. While no depredation of livestock was reported from wolverines, snow leopard and wolf depredation made up 0.2% and 4.1% of total livestock holdings, respectively. Herders’ attitudes towards the three large carnivores were negatively affected by the magnitude of the damages since they had a positive overall attitude towards both snow leopard and wolverine, whereas the attitude towards wolf was negative. We discuss conservation and management options to mitigate herder-snow leopard impacts. To palliate the negative consequences of the increasing trend in livestock numbers, herd size reduction should be encouraged by adding economic value to the individual livestock and/or by promoting alternative income and/or ecotourism. Furthermore, co-management between government and stakeholders would help tackle this complex problem, with herders playing a major role in the development of livestock management strategies. Traditional practices, such as regularly shifting campsites and using dogs and corrals at night, could reduce livestock losses caused by snow leopards. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1627 | |||
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| Author | Klubnikin, K.; Annett, C.; Cherkasova, M.; Shishin, M.; Fotieva, I. | ||||
| Title | The sacred and the scientific: Traditional ecological knowledge in Siberian River conservation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Ecological-Applications. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1296-1306 |
| Keywords | endangered-species; Human; Hominidae; Altaians; plant; Plantae; snow-leopard; Felidae; endemism; hydroelectric-dam; land-management; perestroika; species-diversity; traditional-ecological-knowledge; water-resource-management; snow leopard; browse; hydroelectric; dam; endangered; species; land; management; diversity; species diversity; traditional; ecological.; knowledge; water; resource; 30 | ||||
| Abstract | The Katun River originates in the steppe of the Altai Mountains in Siberia. One of the major headwaters of the Ob River, the Katun is considered central to the culture of the indigenous Altaians. The Katun Valley contains large numbers of important cultural sites, dating from the Neolithic and representing some of the earliest human settlement in Russia. Modern-day Altaians still observe traditional ceremonies honoring the river and springs throughout the watershed and utilize traditional ecological knowledge in their management of the land and water resources. Russian and international scientists have identified the Altai Mountains as a region of high plant diversity and endemism, and as important habitat for endangered species such as the snow leopard. The Katun River itself contains species of threatened and endangered fishes, and its headwaters are part of the unusual Mongolian ichthyofaunal province that is characterized by high levels of endemism. The same regions are considered by the Altaian people to be special or sacred and are recognized by Western scientists as having great value for conservation. During the era of perestroika, a hydroelectric dam was to be built on the Katun. The large dam, a vestige of the earlier Soviet plan for the Project of the Century, would have devastated significant agricultural, ecological, recreational, and cultural resources. The indigenous Altaian people would have lost much of their sacred and cultural landscape. The Katun dam project united indigenous people, well-known Siberian writers, and scientists in protest, which became so heated that it engaged the international community, with lasting effects on Russian society. The magnitude of the protest illustrates the importance of the Altai Mountain region to all of Russia. The active participation of indigenous Altaians reflected their traditional willingness to take action against political decisions that negatively impacted the environmental, cultural, and religious values of their homeland. Their involvement also reflected the new wave of awareness under perestroika that underscored a greater respect and autonomy for indigenous peoples in Russia. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: QH540 .E273 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 390 | Serial | 537 | ||
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| Author | Jegal, A.; Kashkarov, E.; Matyushkin E.N. | ||||
| Title | Simple method to distinguish tracks of snow leopard and lynx | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | tracks; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Lynx; gobi; Altai; mountain; range; mountains; region; distribution; Case; local; hunters; hunter; Animals; Animal | ||||
| Abstract | In the Mongolian and Gobi Altai mountain ranges and also in some other mountains in this region, the distribution of the snow leopard and Eurasian lynx overlaps. In some cases, local hunters cannot distinguish the tracks of both these animals. Therefore we outline a simple method to distinguish tracks of the snow leopard and lynx. |
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| Notes | Two English translations of article are provided. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1101 | Serial | 491 | ||
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| Author | Bold, A.; Dorzhzunduy, S. | ||||
| Title | Report on Snow Leopards in the Southern Spurs of the Gobi Altai | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1976 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 11 | Issue | Pages | 27-43 | |
| Keywords | gobi; Altai; Altay; status; distribution; browse; 2690; Russian | ||||
| Abstract | Estimates a population of 170-230 snow leopard within an area of 6600 km2 in Southern Gobi | ||||
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| Notes | In Russian Title, Monographic: Proceedings of Institute of General and Experimental Biology Place of Meeting: Ulaanbaator Date of Copyright: 1976 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 30 | Serial | 186 | ||
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| Author | Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. | ||||
| Title | Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 65 | ||
| Keywords | Altai | ||||
| Abstract | This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 29 June to 22 August 2009. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species. Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS)developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area. In 2009 surveys were extended to areas away from the Talduair massif site (core area) to the valleys and surrounding ridges of the Karaghem mountain pass. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories. Fresh signs of snow leopard presence recorded this year are an indication that the core area once again has been visited and used. The developing relationship between the predator and prey species seems to be very fragile, so any decline (perhaps even slight) in the prey species may drive the snow leopard out of the core area. In addition, human disturbance is considered to be a severe threat. Yet the study area still retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. Today work on establishing four additional nature parks in the Republic of Tuva and the Sailugem Nature Reserve in the Republic of Altai, which will protect the biggest Russian population of the snow leopard is in progress. |
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| Publisher | Biosphere Expeditions | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Expedition dates: 29 June – 22 August 2009 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1145 | ||
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| Author | Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. | ||||
| Title | Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 86 | ||
| Keywords | Altai | ||||
| Abstract | This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 30 June to 23 August 2008. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species. Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). In 2007 surveys were extended to areas away from the Tapduair massif site to the valley and surrounding ridges of Irbistu Mountain, Tara Valley and Karaghem Mountain Pass. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories. The fluctuations in numbers of the primary prey species observed recently could make it very likely that food availability is not in favour of the snow leopard in the study area. In addition human disturbance is considered to be a severe threat. This is supported by the fact that in 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area, in 2007 only a few were found, and in 2008 no records whatever. Nevertheless, the study area still retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. Today work on establishing four additional nature parks in the Republic of Tuva and the Sailugem Nature Reserve in the Republic of Altai that will protect the biggest Russian population of the snow leopard is in progress. |
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| Publisher | Biosphere Expeditions | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Expedition dates: 30 June – 23 August 2008 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1144 | ||
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| Author | Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. | ||||
| Title | Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Altai | ||||
| Abstract | This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 8 July to 17 August 2007. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species. Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). In 2007 surveys were extended to areas away from the Tapduair massif site to the valley and surrounding ridges of Irbistu mountain. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories. The decrease in numbers of the primary prey species observed recently makes it very likely that food availability is not in favour of the snow leopard in the study area. This is supported by the fact that in 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area and in 2007 only a few were found. Nevertheless, the study area retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. Unfortunately, privatisation of formerly common land is on the increase as is a lack of respect traditional land management practices, so the survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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| Publisher | Biosphere Expeditions | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Expedition dates: 8 July – 17 August 2007 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1143 | ||
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| Author | Rovero, F., Augugliaro, C., Havmoller, R. W., Groff, C., Zimmerman, F., Oberosler, V., Tenan, S. | ||||
| Title | Co-occurrence of snow leopard Panthera uncia, Siberian ibex Capra sibirica and livestock: potential relationships and effects | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-7 | ||
| Keywords | Altai mountains, camera trapping, human� wildlife conflict, Mongolia, occupancy, occurrence interactions, Siberian ibex, snow leopard | ||||
| Abstract | Understanding the impact of livestock on native wildlife is of increasing conservation relevance. For the Vulnerable snow leopard Panthera uncia, wild prey reduction, intensifying human�wildlife conflicts and retaliatory killings are severe threats potentially exacerbated by the presence of livestock. Elucidating patterns of co-occurrence of snow leopards, wild ungulate prey, and livestock, can be used to assess the compatibility of pastoralism with conservation. We used camera trapping to study the interactions of livestock, Siberian ibex Capra sibirica and snow leopards in a national park in the Altai mountains, Mongolia. We obtained  detections of wild mammals and  of domestic ungulates, dogs and humans. Snow leopards and Siberian ibex were recorded  and  times, respectively. Co-occurrence modelling showed that livestock had a higher estimated occupancy (.) than ibex, whose occupancy was lower in the presence of livestock (.) than in its absence (.�. depending on scenarios modelled). Snow leopard occupancy did not appear to be affected by the presence of livestock or ibex but the robustness of such inference was limited by uncertainty around the estimates. Although our sampling at presumed snow leopard passing sites may have led to fewer ibex detections, results indicate that livestock may displace wild ungulates, but may not directly affect the occurrence of snow leopards. Snow leopards could still be threatened by livestock, as overstocking can trigger human�carnivore conflicts and hamper the conservation of large carnivores. Further research is needed to assess the generality and strength of our results. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1465 | ||
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| Author | Smirnov, M.N.; Sokolov, G.A.; Zyryanov, A.N. | ||||
| Title | The Snow Leopard (Uncia Uncia Scherber 1776) in Siberia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1990 | Publication | Int.Nat.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | Pages | 9-15 | |
| Keywords | siberia; status; distribution; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; Altai; Sayan; population; tracks; tracking; petroglyphs; skins; pelts; prey; 2880 | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 77 | Serial | 901 | ||
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| Author | McGregor, T..; Hammer, M. | ||||
| Title | Expedition report: Surveying snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, central Asia | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 60 | ||
| Keywords | Altai, snow leopard | ||||
| Abstract | This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 6 July to 29 August 2003. The aim was to conduct the first survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard’s main prey species; in this case argali (Ovis amon) and Siberian ibex (Capra ibex sibirica) together with secondary prey species. Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 sq km). Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. cat collected in the field was sent to Brunel University where it is awaiting DNA analysis. The expedition also collected data on local geology and generated mammal, bird and plant inventories. Surveying a very large study area without snow cover made it difficult to find signs of snow leopard and primary prey species. Despite these constraints, snow leopard sign was found in each of the four two-week slots of the expedition. The field evidence indicated there was at least one resident adult. This, together with evidence from local people, confirmed the importance of the study area as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. The survey area urgently needs protection but involving the local community is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
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| Publisher | Biosphere Expeditions | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Expedition dates: 6 July – 29 August 2003 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1147 | ||
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