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Author |
Konrath, R. |
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Title |
Snow leopard born at Milwaukee |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Animal Keepers' Forum |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
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11 |
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snow leopard, captivity, Milwaukee Zoo, birth |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1225 |
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Author |
Hemmer, H. |
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Title |
Studies of Irbis, Uncia uncia: Munich State-collection Zoo |
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Miscellaneous |
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Munich State-collection Zoo |
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snow leopard, captivity, Munich |
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Notes |
Translation to English by Joe & Dina Chybinski; year = early 1960's |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1220 |
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Author |
Clevenger, S. |
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Title |
Snow leopards: Captivity perpetuates the species |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Zoosounds |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
XVI |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
18-19 |
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snow leopard, captivity, Oklahoma City Zoo |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1196 |
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Author |
Marma, B.B., Yunchis, V.V. |
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Title |
Biology of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1969 |
Publication |
Zoologicheskii Zhurnal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1689-1694 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, Panthera uncia, reproduction, Kaunas Zoo, Lithuania |
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Abstract |
The methods to obtain progeny of the snow-leopard (Panthera uncia uncia) in captivity were being elaborated in the zoological garden of Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR. The blood characteristics for snow-leopards is given and compared to that for African lions and Sumatran tigers. A series of internal, external and clinical indices is established. The rut lasts for 5-7 day, the duration of pregnancy equals 98 days. The duration of lactation varies from 3 to 4 months. Sexual maturity is attained on the 3rd-4th year. From 1960 to 1967 in zoological ghardens of the world abuot 29 snow-leopards were born. 14 of them -- in the Kauna zoological garden. |
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Russian |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1249 |
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Author |
Ulmer, F.A. |
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Title |
Voices of the Felidae |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1966 |
Publication |
Stock |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
259-262 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, Philadelphia Zoological Gardens |
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Notes |
Curator of Mammals, Philadelphia Zoological Gardens |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1255 |
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Author |
Portland Zoological Society |
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Title |
Snow leopards, animals of the month |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
PZS |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1-5 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, Portland Zoological Society, Oregon, |
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Notes |
August/September |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1250 |
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Author |
Lindee, S. |
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Title |
Snow leopard's back repaired |
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Newspaper Article |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, San Antonio Zoo, Texas, medical |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1264 |
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Author |
Woodland Park Zoo |
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Title |
No vacancy |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1980 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Winter |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1268 |
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Author |
Woodland Park Zoo |
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Title |
Snow leopard exhibit plan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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snow leopard, captivity, Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1273 |
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Author |
Mayo, J.G. |
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Title |
Report on the tranquillisation of a male Snow leopard Panthera uncia for semen extraction |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1967 |
Publication |
International Zoo Yearbook |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
VII |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
148–150 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, captivity, zoo, semen, reproduction, breeding, Duluth Zoo |
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Editor |
Jarvis, E. |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1247 |
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Author |
Khatoon, R., Hussain, I., Anwar, M., Nawaz, M. A. |
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Title |
Diet selection of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Chitral, Pakistan |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Turkish Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
14 |
Pages |
914-923 |
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Keywords |
Snow leopard, conservation, seasonal variation, diet composition, Chitral, Pakistan |
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Abstract |
Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an elusive endangered carnivore found in remote mountain regions of Central Asia, with
sparse distribution in northern Pakistan, including Chitral and Baltistan. The present study determined the food habits of snow leopard,
including preferred prey species and seasonal variation in diet. Fifty-six scat samples were collected and analyzed to determine the
diet composition in two different seasons, i.e. summer and winter. Hair characteristics such as cuticular scale patterns and medullary
structure were used to identify the prey. This evidence was further substantiated from the remains of bones, claws, feathers, and other
undigested remains found in the scats. A total of 17 prey species were identified; 5 of them were large mammals, 6 were mesomammals,
and the remaining 6 were small mammals. The occurrence of wild ungulates (10.4%) in the diet was low, while livestock constituted a
substantial part (26.4%) of the diet, which was higher in summer and lower in winter. Mesomammals altogether comprised 33.4% of
the diet, with palm civet (Paguma larvata) as a dominant (16.8%) species, followed by golden marmot (Marmota caudate) (8.8%), which
was higher in winter. There was a significant difference in seasonal variation in domestic livestock and small mammals. The livestock
contribution of 26.4% observed in the present study indicates a significant dependence of the population on livestock and suggests
that the study area is expected to be a high-conflict area for snow leopards. The results of the current study would help improve the
conservation efforts for snow leopards, contributing to conflict resolution and effective management of this endangered cat. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1459 |
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Author |
Johansson, O., Ullman, K., Lkhagvajav, P., Wiseman, M.,
Malmsten, J., Leijon, M. |
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Title |
Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viruses Present in
Free-Ranging Snow Leopards Using Next-Generation Sequencing |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
645 |
Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, free-ranging, virome, Mongolia, rectal swabs, next-generating sequencing, Panthera unica |
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Abstract |
Snow leopards inhabit the cold, arid environments of the high
mountains of South and Central Asia. These living conditions likely
affect the abundance and composition of microbes with the capacity to
infect these animals. It is important to investigate the microbes that
snow leopards are exposed to detect infectious disease threats and
define a baseline for future changes that may impact the health of this
endangered felid. In this work, next-generation sequencing is used to
investigate the fecal (and in a few cases serum) virome of seven snow
leopards from the Tost Mountains of Mongolia. The viral species to which
the greatest number of sequences reads showed high similarity was
rotavirus. Excluding one animal with overall very few sequence reads,
four of six animals (67%) displayed evidence of rotavirus infection. A
serum sample of a male and a rectal swab of a female snow leopard
produced sequence reads identical or closely similar to felid
herpesvirus 1, providing the first evidence that this virus infects snow
leopards. In addition, the rectal swab from the same female also
displayed sequence reads most similar to feline papillomavirus 2, which
is the first evidence for this virus infecting snow leopards. The rectal
swabs from all animals also showed evidence for the presence of small
circular DNA viruses, predominantly Circular Rep-Encoding
Single-Stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses and in one case feline anellovirus.
Several of the viruses implicated in the present study could affect the
health of snow leopards. In animals which are under environmental
stress, for example, young dispersing individuals and lactating females,
health issues may be exacerbated by latent virus infections. |
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no |
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Serial |
1612 |
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Author |
Li, J., McCarthy, T. M., Wang, H., Weckworth, B. V., Shaller, G. B., Mishra, C., Lu, Z., Beissinger, S. R |
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Title |
Climate refugia of snow leopards in High Asia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
203 |
Pages |
188-196 |
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Keywords |
Snow leopard, Habitat, Climate change, Refugia, High Asia, Conservation |
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Abstract |
Rapidwarming in High Asia is threatening its unique ecosystemand endemic species, especially the endangered
snow leopard (Panthera uncia). Snow leopards inhabit the alpine zone between snow line and tree line, which
contracts and expands greatly during glacier-interglacial cycles. Here we assess impacts of climate change on
global snow leopard habitat from the last glacial maximum (LGM; 21 kyr ago) to the late 21st century. Based
on occurrence records of snow leopards collected across all snow leopard range countries from 1983 to 2015,
we built a snow leopard habitat model using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt 3.3.3k). Then we
projected this model into LGM, mid-Holocene and 2070. Analysis of snow leopard habitat map from LGM to
2070 indicates that three large patches of stable habitat have persisted from the LGM to present in the Altai,
Qilian, and Tian Shan-Pamir-Hindu Kush-Karakoram mountain ranges, and are projected to persist through the
late 21st century. These climatically suitable areas account for about 35% of the snow leopard's current extent,
are large enough to support viable populations, and should function as refugia for snow leopards to survive
through both cold and warm periods. Existence of these refugia is largely due to the unique mountain environment
in High Asia, which maintains a relatively constant arid or semi-arid climate. However, habitat loss leading
to fragmentation in the Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains, as well as increasing human activities, will present
conservation challenges for snow leopards and other sympatric species. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1449 |
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Author |
Maheshwari, A., Niraj, S. K |
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Title |
Monitoring illegal trade in snow leopards: 2003e2014 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Elsevier |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1 -6 |
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Keywords |
Snow leopard, Illegal trade, Central and southern Asia, Conservation |
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Abstract |
Illegal trade in snow leopards (Panthera uncia) has been identified as one of the major
threats to long-term survival of the species in the wild. To quantify severity of the threats
to dwindling snow leopard population, we examined market and questionnaire surveys,
and information from the published and unpublished literature on illegal trade and
poaching of snow leopards.We collected information from 11 of the 12 snow leopard range
counties in central and southern Asia, barring Kazakhstan, and reported 439 snow leopards
(88 records) in illegal trade during 2003e2014, which represents a loss of approximately
8.4%e10.9% snow leopard population (assuming mid-point population of 5240 to
minimum population of 4000 individuals) in a period of 12 years. Our data suggested a 61%
decadal increase in snow leopard trade during 2003e2012 compared with 1993e2002,
while taking the note of significant strengthening of wildlife enforcement and crime
control network in the decades of 2000s and 2010s. We found 50% prosecution rate of
snow leopard crimes resulting in only 20% conviction rate globally. Many limitations e.g.,
secretive nature of illegal trade, ill developed enforcement mechanism, poor and passive
documentation of snow leopards' seizures, restricted us to reflect actual trend of snow
leopards' illegal trade. Even on a conservative scale the present situation is alarming and
may detrimental to snow leopard conservation. We propose an effective networking of
enforcement efforts and coordination among the law enforcement agencies, efficient
collection of data and data management, and sharing of intelligence in snow leopard range
countries, could be useful in curbing illegal trade in snow leopards in central and southern
Asia. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1466 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chundawat, R.S. |
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Title |
Elusive leopard of the mountains |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
In Danger: habitats, species and people |
Abbreviated Journal |
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11-17 |
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snow leopard, India |
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Ranthambhore Foundation |
Place of Publication |
New Delhi, India |
Editor |
Manfredi, R. |
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English |
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1198 |
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Author |
Mazoomdaar, J. |
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Title |
Cat Among the People |
Type |
Magazine Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Open |
Abbreviated Journal |
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8 August |
Pages |
40-45 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, India, Bhatnagar, Chundawat, Nature Conservation Foundation, Hemis, Kibber, Himmel |
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www.openthemagazine.com |
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http://openthemagazine.com/article/nation/cat-among-the-people |
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1358 |
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Author |
Kashkarov, E. |
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Title |
THE SNOW LEOPARD OF KIRGIZIA: NATIONAL SHAME OR NATIONAL PRIDE |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
239-253 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, irbis, ibex, mountain sheep, conservation, range, reserve, monitoring, cameratrap, Sarychat, Kirgizia, Central Asia. |
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Abstract |
Article examines the problems existing in conservation of the snow leopard in Kirgizia after break-up of the
USSR. Unfortunate situation is common to most of the 14 countries in the snow leopard range, but seems
especially sharp to Kirgizia. Yet half of the century ago Kirgizia has had about 1.5 thousand of the snow
leopards, and today there remains no more than 1/10. In Soviet time Kirgizia was a global supplier of the
snow leopards for the zoo-export � to create a reserve number of endangered cats in captivity. Today, at
least half of the snow leopards in the Zoos of the world are individuals, caught in Kirgizia or their
descendants.
Since independence, Kirgizia has set new records. In Sarychat-Irtash reserve � the best for the snow
leopard in Central Asia, and probably in the whole range � this species was completely destroyed after 3
years of reserve opening... and 17 years later � revived... Situation comes presently back to the worst-case
scenario, and not only for the snow leopard. Author shows how work in this direction social and economic
levers, and what kind future he would like to see in Kirgizia, where he lived for 12 years and was at the
forefront of pioneering research of the snow leopard and its conservation. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1454 |
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Author |
Kalashnikova, Y. A., Karnaukhov, A. S., Dubinin, M. Y., Poyarkov, A. D., Rozhnov, V. V. |
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Title |
POTENTIAL HABITAT OF SNOW LEOPARD (PANTHERA UNCIA, FELINAE) IN SOUTH SIBERIA AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES BASED ON THE MAXIMUM ENTROPY DISTRIBUTION MODEL |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
98 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
332-342 |
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Keywords |
Snow leopard, irbis, Panthera uncia, Maxent, habitat model, potential habitat |
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Abstract |
The snow leopard is an endangered large felid inhabiting highlands of 12 Asian countries. It is distributed
across vast territories and adequate modern methods are required for mapping its potential habitats. The goal
of the present study is to create a model of snow leopard potential habitat within the northern part of its range
in Russia (and adjacent territories of Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan). More than 5 years of observations
(total number of presence points = 449), environmental variables and the maximum entropy distribution
method (Maxent) are used. The resulting map demonstrates that a suitable habitat (probability of the animal�s
presence between 0.5 and 1) of the northern population of snow leopard in Russia occupies 16500 km2
with a buffer of transient territories (probability between 0.25 and 0.49) covering 32800 km2. Most of a suitable
habitat within the study area is associated with the Altai Mountains, Western Sayan Mountains, Sangilen
Plateau, Tsagan-Shibetu and Shapshal. One third of the suitable habitat lies within areas of a varying protection
status. The results of modeling are of importance both for scientists and conservation managers, as they
allow for leopard occurrence to be predicted, supporting research on and the conservation of the species. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1480 |
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Author |
Green, M. |
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Title |
A check-list and some notes concerning the mammlas of the Langtang National Park, Nepal |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
78 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
77-87 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Langtang National Park, Nepal |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1227 |
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Author |
Chalise, M.K. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia), Prey Species and Outreach in Langtang National, Park, Nepal |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Our Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
9 |
Pages |
138-145 |
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Keywords |
Snow leopard, Langtang, prey species, threats, outreach. |
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Abstract |
Presence of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in Langtang National Park was obscure till 2003. It was confirmed by a
research team trained for the wildlife biology in the field. Along with the study of ecology and behavior of snow leopard sufficient effort were made to generate data on pre species. The study also dealt with threat perceived for the leopard survival while basic unit of conservation- local outreach programs were also initiated. |
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no |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1388 |
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Author |
WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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Title |
WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion January – March 2011 |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
15 |
Pages |
13 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting |
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WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
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1309 |
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Author |
WWF Russia & Mongolia |
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Title |
WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion July – September 2011 |
Type |
Report |
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2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
17 |
Pages |
1-22 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting, argali, Land of the Snow Leopard, Altai-Sayan, Russia, poaching, reserve, |
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no |
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1363 |
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Author |
McCarthy, T.; Murray, K.; Sharma, K.; Johansson, O. |
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Title |
Preliminary results of a long-term study of snow leopards in South Gobi, Mongolia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Autumn |
Issue |
53 |
Pages |
15-19 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Mongolia, monitor, population, Panthera, Snow Leopard Trust, Snow Leopard Conservation Fund, South Gobi, ecology, radio collar, GPS-satellite collar, home range, camera trapping, fecal genetics, occupancy modeling |
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Abstract |
Snow leopards Panthera uncia are under threat across their range and require urgent conservation actions based on sound science. However, their remote habitat and cryptic nature make them inherently difficult to study and past attempts have provided insufficient information upon which to base effective conservation. Further, there has been no statistically-reliable and cost-effective method available to monitor snow leopard populations, focus conservation effort on key populations, or assess conservation impacts. To address these multiple information needs, Panthera, Snow Leopard Trust, and Snow Leopard Conservation Fund, launched an ambitious long-term study in Mongolia’s South Gobi province in 2008. To date, 10 snow leo-pards have been fitted with GPS-satellite collars to provide information on basic snow leopard ecology. Using 2,443 locations we calculated MCP home ranges of 150 – 938 km2, with substantial overlap between individuals. Exploratory movements outside typical snow leopard habitat have been observed. Trials of camera trapping, fecal genetics, and occupancy modeling, have been completed. Each method ex-hibits promise, and limitations, as potential monitoring tools for this elusive species. |
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1151 |
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Author |
Mallon, D. |
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Title |
An early record of snow leopard in Myanmar |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
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Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
Autumn |
Pages |
24 |
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snow leopard, Myanmar |
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1253 |
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Author |
Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Observations on the status and distribution of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in Nepal |
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Year |
1977 |
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1-12 |
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snow leopard, Nepal |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1229 |
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