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Author Golub O.N. url 
  Title Perspective protection of rare mammal species in the nature reserves of Tajikistan Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 9-10  
  Keywords (down) Tajikistan; snow leopard; ibex; protection.; 6780; Russian  
  Abstract In winter, some seven to 14 snow leopards come into the nature reserve “Ramit” when chasing ibex within their winter habitats. The nature reserve is yet the only remaining place for ibexes to winter in eastern part of the Gissar ridge. Some 150 200 ibexes winter in the nature reserve. The nature reserve should be extended towards highlands in order to protect snow leopards.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of III All-Union conference. Rare mammal species and their protection. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 656 Serial 338  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sokov A.I. url 
  Title Snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 151-152  
  Keywords (down) Tajikistan; Red Data book; snow leopard; decline; protection; distribution; number; life-history; protected measures.; 8230; Russian  
  Abstract Snow leopard distributed in Pamir, Mountain Badakhshan (2500-5500 masl). Its number assessed as 250-350 individuals. There were recorded 450 snow leopards in 1950s-1960s.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of Tajikistan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 801 Serial 914  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sokov A.I. url 
  Title Environmental prerequisites for protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals in Tajikistan Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol. 3. Issue Pages 27-29  
  Keywords (down) Tajikistan; Red Data book; rare species; carnivores; large predators; brown bear; hyena; tiger; leopard; Lynx; snow leopard; decline; protection; sustainable use.; 8220; Russian  
  Abstract In Tajikistan it is necessary to preserve big predators listed in the Red Book, such as Uncia uncia, Ursus arctos isabellinus, Hyaena hyaena, Felis lynx isabellina, Panthera pardus ciscaucasica. An anthropogenic influence has resulted in the species' habitat shrinkage, deficit of food, disturbance of trophic interactions. It is necessary to restore a tiger population in the Tigrovaya Balka nature reserve, and resolve the issue of protection and sustainable use of commercial predatory species.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of IV Congress of all-Union mammalists' society. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 800 Serial 913  
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Author Jiang, Z. url 
  Title Snow leopards in the Dulan International Hunting Ground, Qinghai, China Type Report
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-8  
  Keywords (down) snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; hunting; Qinghai; China; project; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; surveys; survey; mountains; mountain; province; transect; study; area; transects; pug; pug marks; pug-marks; marks; scrapes; scrape; density; densities; wild; ungulates; ungulate; region; camera; environment; photo; capture; population; population size; population-size; Animals; Animal; 20; livestock; Human; attitudes; attitude; tibetan; 30; nature; reserve; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; species; snow line; snow-line; endemic; alpine; central; Central Asia; asia; countries; country; fox; range; areas; Xinjiang; inner; Inner-Mongolia; Mongolia; Tibet; gansu; Sichuan; habitat; protection; nature reserves; reserves; cat; populations; domestic; laws; law; field; field surveys; field survey; field-surveys; field-survey; Kunlun; distribution; survival; status; Data; conservation  
  Abstract From March to May, 2006œªwe conducted extensive snow leopard surveys in the Burhanbuda Mountain Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China. 32 linear transect of 5~15 km each, which running through each vegetation type, were surveyed within the study area. A total of 72 traces of snow leopard were found along 4 transects (12.5% of total transects). The traces included pug marks or footprints, scrapes and urine marks. We estimated the average density of wild ungulates in the region was 2.88ñ0.35 individuals km-2(n=29). We emplaced 16 auto2 trigger cameras in different environments and eight photos of snow leopard were shot by four cameras and the capture rate of snow leopard was 71.4%. The minimum snow leopard population size in the Burhanbuda Mountain was two, because two snow leopards were phototrapped by different cameras at almost same time. Simultaneously, the cameras also shot 63 photos of other wild animals, including five photos are unidentified wild animals, and 20 photos of livestock. We evaluated the human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing with 27 Tibetan householders of 30 householders live in the study area. We propose to establish a nature reserve for protecting and managing snow leopards in the region. Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is considered as a unique species because it lives above the snow line, it is endemic to alpines in Central Asia, inhabiting in 12 countries across Central Asia (Fox, 1992). Snow leopard ranges in alpine areas in Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan in western China (Liao, 1985, 1986; Zhou, 1987; Ma et al., 2002; Jiang & Xu, 2006). The total population and habitat of snow leopards in China are estimated to be 2,000~2,500 individuals and 1,824,316 km2, only 5% of which is under the protection of nature reserves. The cat's current range is fragmented (Zou & Zheng, 2003). Due to strong human persecutions, populations of snow leopards decreased significantly since the end of the 20th century. Thus, the

snow leopards are under the protection of international and domestic laws. From March to May, 2006, we conducted two field surveys in Zhiyu Village, Dulan County in Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, China to determine the population, distribution and survival status of snow leopards in the area. The aim of the study was to provide ecologic data for snow leopard conservation.
 
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  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1068 Serial 493  
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Author Koshkarev, E. url 
  Title Strategy of Snow Leopard Conservation in the Range Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (down) snow; leopard; uncia; conservation; poaching; protected; areas; range; population; protection; asia; endangered; species; 4990  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 485 Serial 568  
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Author Jackson, R. url 
  Title Snow Leopard Status, Distribution, and Protected Areas Coverage Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (down) snow; leopard; status; distribution; range; China; Bhutan; conservation; protection; protected; protect; areas; Afghanistan; Nepal; Ussr; population; kyrgystan; Pakistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; 4980  
  Abstract This document reports on the status, distribution and protected areas coverage for snow leopard across its range in Central Asia. It is intended to aid in updating the existing knowledge base of snow leopard status and distribution during the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS) Workshop organized by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), and to be held in Seattle on May 21-25, 2002. The SLSS workshop provides an unique opportunity to solicit feedback from scientists,

conservation organizations, government agencies and knowledgeable experts in order to:

(1) Verify the accuracy of information presented in this document (much of which was published 5-10 years ago) and to identify data gaps, especially with respect to population size and protectedareas coverage for this species;

(2) Aid organizations in developing tightly targeting conservation actions by identifying critical snow leopard areas, parks and reserves, and by implication, the intervening linking corridors linking key protected areas;

(3) Serve as a catalyst for encouraging range-countries to conduct field surveys into snow leopard status and distribution, especially in those areas deemed the most important to the maintenance of a viable metapopulation across the 12 countries in which the species' occurs.
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 484 Serial 470  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jackson, R.; Wangchuk, R.; Hillard, D. url 
  Title Grassroots Measures to Protect the Endangered Snow Leopard from Herder Retribution: Lessons Learned from Predator-Proofing Corrals in Ladahh Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (down) snow; leopard; livestock; depredation; herder; conflict; Ladakh; predator; protection; predation; protected; uncia; 4960  
  Abstract Livestock depredation is an increasingly contentious issue across the range of the

endangered snow leopard (Uncia uncia). Depredation is most severe in or near protected areas

offering core habitat for this cat. “Surplus killing,” in which as many as 100 sheep and goats have

been killed in a single night, inevitably results in attempts at retaliatory killing of predators by

herders suffering significant loss. Ironically, such predation by snow leopard, wolf, or lynx can be

avoided by adequately predator-proofing nighttime enclosures. Predation on the open range is far

more difficult to address, but may be reduced to acceptable levels through improved day-time

guarding of livestock, educating herders on the importance of protecting the predator's natural prey

base, and by providing economic incentives to help offset unavoidable loss.

This paper describes community-based initiatives being undertaken in India's Hemis National Park

aimed at predator-proofing livestock corrals and encouraging local herders to become more effective

stewards of the snow leopard, its prey and habitat. A highly participatory, 4-step process known as

Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action (APPA) provides the primary mechanism for

assisting communities to develop Action Plans to reduce livestock depredation losses, increase

household incomes, and strengthen environmental stewardship. Herders are informed about the

Snow Leopard Stewardship program and conditions for a successful outcome. The team, comprised

of local people, NGO staff, facilitators and government officials, first identifies the root causes for

depredation (Discovery). Under the next phase, Dreaming, participants envision how their village

might appear if depredation losses were reduced to acceptable levels, household incomes increased,

and snow leopards fully protected. This provides a good basis upon which to collaboratively devise

actions for addressing the community's concerns (Design). Delivery involves implementing actions

under the overall Action Plan, as well as specific measures that can be acted upon immediately. The

community is encouraged to use simple but realistic indicators for monitoring the project's

effectiveness.

In Lessons Learned to Date, we highlight the importance of providing meaningful community

involvement from inception through project implementation and monitoring. The use of APPA

greatly increases ownership, communal empowerment and self-reliance, and local people's

willingness to protect wildlife. The Snow Leopard Conservancy believes that the most effective

conservation actions will be contingent upon (1) establishing direct linkages with biodiversity

protection; (2) ensuring reciprocal co-financing and commensurate responsibility from the

community; (3) encouraging full participation from all stakeholders irrespective of their gender, age

or economic status; and (4) ensuring regular monitoring and evaluation under an agreed-to Action

Plan that sets forth the responsibilities, contributions and obligations of each partner.
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 482 Serial 468  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kreuzberg-Mukhina, E.; Esipov, A.; Aromov, B.; Bykova, E.; Vashetko, E. url 
  Title Snow Leopard and Its Protection in Uzbekistan Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (down) snow; leopard; extinction; endangered; threatened; Uzbekistan; protection; survival; conservation; uncia; 5020  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 488 Serial 593  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jackson, R.; Wangchuk, R. url 
  Title A Community-Based Approach to Mitigating Livestock Depredation by Snow Leopards Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2004 Publication Human Dimensions of Wildlife Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Pages 307-315  
  Keywords (down) snow leopard,depredation,human-wildlife conflict,participatory planning,India; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; endangered; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Himalayan; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; attack; sheep; goats; goat; local; villagers; community-based; conservation; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; India; conflict; pens; income; participatory; strategy; planning; sense; project; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; protection; retaliatory; poaching  
  Abstract Livestock depredation by the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an increasingly contentious issue in Himalayan villages, especially in or near protected areas. Mass attacks in which as many as 100 sheep and goats are killed in a single incident inevitably result in retaliation by local villagers. This article describes a community-based conservation initiative to address this problem in Hemis National Park, India. Human-wildlife conflict is alleviated by predator-proofing villagers' nighttime livestock pens and by enhancing household incomes in environmentally sensitive and culturally compatible ways. The authors have found that the highly participatory strategy described here (Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action-APPA) leads to a sense of project ownership by local stakeholders, communal empowerment, self-reliance, and willingness to co-exist with

snow leopards. The most significant conservation outcome of this process is the protection from retaliatory poaching of up to five snow leopards for every village's livestock pens that are made predator-proof.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 890 Serial 471  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Farrington, J. url 
  Title A Report on Protected Areas, Biodiversity, and Conservation in the Kyrgyzstan Tian Shan with Brief Notes on the Kyrgyzstan Pamir-Alai and the Tian Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and China Type Book Whole
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-276  
  Keywords (down) Report; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; biodiversity; conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Tian; Tian-Shan; shan; Pamir-Alai; mountains; mountain; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; China; environmental; study; former; soviet; central; Central Asia; asia; land; Forest; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Chinese; range; republic; wildlife; International; research; land-use; land use; recent; inner; project; ecological; Middle; Middle Asia; Organization; awareness; region; preserve; species; ecosystems; ecosystem; potential; community; Biodiversity conservation; Xinjiang; information; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; protection; flora; fauna; mammals; birds; reptiles; amphibians; endemic; plants; plant; history; Southern; survey; protect; river; heart  
  Abstract Kyrgyzstan is a land of towering mountains, glaciers, rushing streams, wildflowercovered meadows, forests, snow leopards, soaring eagles, and yurt-dwelling nomads. The entire nation lies astride the Tian Shan1, Chinese for “Heavenly Mountains”, one of the world's highest mountain ranges, which is 7439 m (24,400 ft) in elevation at its highest point. The nation is the second smallest of the former Soviet Central Asian republics. In

spite of Kyrgyzstan's diverse wildlife and stunning natural beauty, the nation remains little known, and, as yet, still on the frontier of international conservation efforts. The following report is the product of 12 months of research into the state of conservation and land-use in Kyrgyzstan. This effort was funded by the Fulbright Commission of the U.S. State Department, and represents the most recent findings of the author's personal environmental journey through Inner Asia, which began in 1999. When I first started my preliminary research for this project, I was extremely surprised to learn that, even though the Tian Shan Range has tremendous ecological significance for conservation efforts in middle Asia, there wasn't a single major international conservation organization with an office in the former Soviet Central Asian republics. Even more surprising was how little awareness there is of conservation issues in the Tian Shan region amongst conservation workers in neighboring areas who are attempting to preserve similar species assemblages and ecosystems to those found in the Tian Shan. Given this lack of awareness, and the great potential for the international community to make a positive contribution towards improving the current state of biodiversity conservation in Kyrgyzstan and Central Asia, I have summarized my findings on protected areas and conservation in Kyrgyzstan and the Tian Shan of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang in the chapters below. The report begins with some brief background information on geography and society in the Kyrgyz Republic, followed by an overview of biodiversity and the state of conservation in the nation, which at the present time closely parallels the state of conservation in the other former Soviet Central Asian republics. Part IV of the report provides a catalog of all major protected areas in Kyrgyzstan and the other Tian Shan nations, followed by a list of sites in Kyrgyzstan that are as yet unprotected but merit protection. In the appendices the reader will find fairly comprehensive species lists of flora and fauna found in the Kyrgyz Republic, including lists of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, trees and shrubs, wildflowers, and endemic plants. In addition, a

draft paper on the history and current practice of pastoral nomadism in Kyrgyzstan has been included in Appendix A. While the research emphasis for this study was on eastern Kyrgyzstan, over the course of the study the author did have the opportunity to make brief journeys to southern Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Xinjiang. While falling short of being a definitive survey of protected areas of the Tian Shan, the informational review which

follows is the first attempt at bringing the details of conservation efforts throughout the entire Tian Shan Range together in one place. It is hoped that this summary of biodiversity and conservation in the Tian Shan will generate interest in the region amongst conservationists, and help increase efforts to protect this surprisingly unknown range that forms an island of meadows, rivers, lakes, and forests in the arid heart of Asia.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Kyrgyzstan Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Fulbright Fellow – Environmental Studies, Kyrgyzstan, Former Soviet Central Asia 2003-2004 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1060 Serial 269  
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