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Author Din, J. U., Bari, F., Ali, H., Rehman, E. U., Adli, D. S. H., Abdullah, N. A., Norma-Rashid, Y., Kabir, M., Hameed, S., Nawaz, D. A., Nawaz, M. A. pdf 
  Title Drivers of snow leopard poaching and trade in Pakistan and implications for management Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nature Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 46 Issue Pages 49-62  
  Keywords (up) conflict, illegal trade, northern Pakistan, pelt, poaching; retaliatory killing  
  Abstract The snow leopard is one of the highly valued species from high-altitude mountain ecosystems of Central and Southeast Asia, including Pakistan. This keystone species is facing a myriad of conventional and emerging threats, including poaching and trade, that are poorly documented in Pakistan. To understand the dynamics and drivers of the poaching and trading of snow leopards in Pakistan, we investigated the issue in depth through a multifaceted survey in the snow leopard range of the country. We recorded 101 snow leopard poaching incidences from 11 districts during 2005–2017. The reported poaching incidences varied spatially (‒x = 9 ± 2.6 [95% Cl: 3–15]) and temporally (‒x = 7.8 ± 1.09) and accounted for 2–4% annual population loss (n = 200–420) in a period of 13 years. Poaching and trade together constituted 89% of the total incidence reported and animals were mostly shot (66%), poisoned (12%), snared (12%) and captured (4%), respectively. Only a fraction (3%) of the incidences were reported to the relevant law enforcement agencies. Trade routes included large cities and neighbouring countries, even the Middle East and Europe. The average base and end prices for each item were 245 ± 36 USD and 1,736 ± 520 USD, respectively, while maximum monetary fines set as per the law were 275 USD. Our results establish the need for developing multi-stakeholder coordination mechanisms at regional, national and international levels and information sharing to curb this menace. Improving the existing laws and surveillance system, while taking the local communities onboard, will further help to this end.  
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  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1672  
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Author Jackson, P. url 
  Title Villagers save predatory snow leopard Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 28 Issue Pages 12  
  Keywords (up) conservation education; damage; damage by wildlife; endangered; threatened species; mammals; management; wildlife; human relationships; relocation; goats; livestock; Pakistan; herders; prey; panthera uncia; browse; conservation; education; threatened; species; Human; relationships; panthera; uncia; 570  
  Abstract A short report is presented on the capture and relocation of a snow leopard in northern Pakistan. Villagers discovered the leopard attacking their goats and captured it. WWF-Gilgit relocated the leopard to a remote area. slj.  
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  Notes AUTHOR ADDRESS: 1172 Bougy, Switzerland. tel/fax: +41 (021) 808-6012; e-mail: pjackson@iprolink.ch Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 336 Serial 430  
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Author Jizeng, D.; Ji-peng, J.; Chang-xin, Z.; Freeman, H. url 
  Title Opening Remarks to Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (up) conservation; ecology; biology; habitat; protected-areas; parks; reserves; preserves; refuge; zoos; captivity; breeding; distribution; status; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; Afghanistan; Mongolia; Pakistan; Nepal; India; China; Tajikistan; Kazakhstan; Qinghai; Tibet; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; soviet; union; 3780  
  Abstract  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Usa Editor J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 234 Serial 497  
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Author Fox, J.L. url 
  Title Snow leopard conservation in the wild – a comprehensive perspective on a low density and highly fragmented population Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3-15  
  Keywords (up) conservation; habitat; distribution; range; tibetan-plateau; Himalaya; Taklimakan-desert; Karakoram; Hindu-kush; Pamir; Kun-Lun; Tien-Shan; Altay; Cites; status; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; India; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Russia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; research; management; kazakstan; browse; tibetan; plateau; taklimakan; desert; hindu; protected; area; 2630  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Usa Editor J.Fox; J.Du  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 216 Serial 304  
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Author Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R.; Freeman, H.; Hillard, D. url 
  Title Project snow leopard: a model for conserving central Asia biodiversity Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 247-252  
  Keywords (up) conservation; habitat; Himalaya; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; survey; methods; Slims; education; protected-area; anthropogenic-degradation; asia; China; Bhutan; India; Pakistan; Nepal; Afghanistan; Mongolia; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Project-snow-leopard; network; preybase; Islt; Usfws; Ners; Information-Network; kazakstan; browse; protected; area; anthropogenic; degradation; soviet; union; project; snow; leopard; international snow leopard trust; information; 2660  
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  Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Usa Editor J.Fox; D.Jizeng  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 220 Serial 395  
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Author Ahmad, A. url 
  Title Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Northern Pakistan Type Conference Article
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 148-154  
  Keywords (up) conservation; livestock; Wwf; Pakistan; herders; herder; snow-leopard; management; Marco-Polo-sheep; grazing; ibex; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Khunjerab; hunting; hunter; skin; pelt; fur; coat; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; 2950  
  Abstract  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Lahore, Pakistan Editor R.Jackson and A.Ahmad  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1997 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 299 Serial 41  
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Author Schaller, G.B. url 
  Title Imperiled phantom of Asian peaks Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication National Geographic Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 140 Issue Pages 702-707  
  Keywords (up) conservation; Pakistan; baiting; browse; 2210  
  Abstract Brief description of succssful baiting, with a domestic goat and photographing a wild snow leopard in Northern Pakistan.  
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  Notes First photographs of snow leopards in the wild Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 22 Serial 859  
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Author Ahmad, A. url 
  Title Protection of Snow Leopards through Grazier Communities:Some Examples from WWF-Pakistan's Projects in the Northern Areas Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 265-272  
  Keywords (up) conservation; Pakistan; Wwf; world-wildlife-fund; livestock; herders; herder; status; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; Dir; chitral; predator; prey; grazier; pelt; fur; coat; skin; poaching; Khunjerab; Marco-Polo-sheep; ibex; markhor; hunting; browse; protected; area; sheep; Marco-Polo; 2040  
  Abstract Snow leopards occur near the snow line in northern Pakistan in the districts of Swat, Dir and Chitral of the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), Muzaffarabad district in Azad Kashmir and Gilgit and Baltistan districts in the Northern Areas. Although a number of protected areas are present in the form of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves (Table 1) where legal protection is available to all wildlife species, including snow leopards, the status of this endangered species is not improving satisfactorily. The reasons are many and range from direct persecution by livestock owners to the less than strict management of protected areas.

Because of remote and inaccessible locations and lack of proper communication with local communities, government officials and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) concerned with conservation find it difficult to obtain statistics on mortality of snow leopards. However, the killing of snow leopards is not uncommon. Because of the close and long-term association between local villagers and snow leopards, it is only through the support and cooperation of these peoples that protection of this endangered species can be assured against most of the existing threats. The effects of such cooperation has been clearly shown through some of the conservation projects of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – Pakistan. Details of such projects and certain lessons that can be learned from these and similar projects are discussed in this paper.
 
  Address  
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  Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Usa Editor J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 209 Serial 40  
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Author Green, M.J.B.; Zhimbiev, B. url 
  Title Transboundary Protected Areas and Snow Leopard Conservation Type Conference Article
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 194-202  
  Keywords (up) conservation; parks; park; reserve; refuge; snow-leopard; management; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; Pakistan; Nepal; India; Mongolia; Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; habitat; protected-area; kazakstan; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 3000  
  Abstract  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Lahore, Pakistan Editor R.Jackson and A.Ahmad  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 312 Serial 351  
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Author International Snow Leopard Trust url 
  Title International Snow Leopard Trust, Conservation and Education Program for 1999 Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (up) education; conservation; livestock; corrals; pens; predator; prey; poaching; hunting; depredation; Dna; Mongolia; Macne; Slims; gobi; Tibet; Qomolangma; Nepal; Bhutan; China; Afghanistan; India; Pakistan; Wwf; browse; 4030  
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  Notes Full Text at URL Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 365 Serial 406  
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