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Author | Singh, N., Milner-Gulland, E.J. | ||||
Title | Monitoring ungulates in Central Asia: current constraints and future potential | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-12 | ||
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Central Asia, confidence intervals, cost, participatory monitoring, saiga, sampling effort, stratified random sampling, ungulate | ||||
Abstract | Asia’s rangelands and mountains are strongholds for several endemic ungulate species. Little is known about the ecology of these species because of the region’s remoteness and the lack of robust scientific studies. Hunting, habitat modification, increased livestock grazing, disease and development are the major threats to the species. There is an urgent need for better monitoring to identify the size, distribution and dynamics of the populations of these species, and the threats to them, for effective conservation. The feasibility of standard scientific monitoring is greatly influenced by the remoteness of the region, the pre-existing scientific ideology, lack of expertise in the latest monitoring methods and awareness of biases and errors, and low capacity and logistical and financial constraints. We review the existing methods used for monitoring ungulates, identify the practical and institutional challenges to effective monitoring in Central Asia and categorize the methods based on various criteria so that researchers can plan better monitoring studies suited to particular species. We illustrate these issues using examples from several contrasting ungulate species. We recommend that scientific surveys should be complemented by increases in participatory monitoring, involving local people. The future of ungulate monitoring in Central Asia lies in a better recognition of the existing errors and biases in monitoring programmes and methods, allocation of more monitoring effort in terms of manpower, finances and logistics, understanding of robust scientific methods and sampling theory and changing the scientific culture, as well as a commitment to ensuring that we monitor the things that matter. |
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1291 | ||
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Author | Devendra, T. & Chalise, M. | ||||
Title | Population and habitat of Himalayan thar (Hemitragus jemlahicus) in Langtang Himalaya, Langtang National Park (LNP), Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Special issue on the occasion of 15th Wildlife Week | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | 2067 | Pages | 37-46 | |
Keywords ![]() |
Himalayan Thar, census, habitat characters, use | ||||
Abstract | A survey of Himalayan Thar was carried out in Langtang valley in response to the lacking of scientific information of its population status and distribution in the area. The study was carried out from Ghodatabela to Langsisa Kharka during April to June of 2003/04/2005. The area was divided into 5 survey blocks measuring 5sqkm each and study was conducted through blocks. Observed herds and individual animals were repeatedly counted and recorded. A total of 218 individuals of different age and sex Himalayan Thar were recorded during the study in 8 different herds. Three types of herds were recognized; Adult male-adult female-young (37.5%), Adult female-young (37.5%) and All adult-male (25%). Survey revealed that 50% of Thar herds were observed in 4200-4900m (Fourth block) and least (12%) were in 3700-4000m (First block), animals were not located in 3850-4200m (Third, Fifth block). Stratified random sampling was done to analyze the vegetation in their habitat and identified 26 potential plant species. The encroachment of their habitat is severe by the excessive livestock grazing and utilization for cowshed. Noticeable disturbance felt due to frequent poaching and tourist flow. The conservation of this species seems vital as it is prime prey species of Snow leopard in LNP. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Dept. of National Parks & Wildlife Cons. /Govt. of Nepal | Thesis | |||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1318 | ||
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Author | Maheshwari, A., Sharma, D. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard conservation in Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-70 | ||
Keywords ![]() |
Himalayan, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, WWF-India, survey, India | ||||
Abstract | The Greater and Trans Himalayan regions of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh have great potential in terms of wildlife (flora and fauna). This survey was the first ever survey for the snow leopard in Uttarakhand and some of the areas of Himachal Pradesh till date. It confirms the presence of snow leopard in Uttarakhand on the basis of indirect evidence. We could not find any evidence of snow leopard from surveyed areas in Himachal Pradesh – but it certainly does not mean that there are no snow leopards in the surveyed areas. Areas above 3000m elevation were selected for this survey in 10 protected areas of both the states. Status and distribution of snow leopard was assessed through indirect evidence (n=13) found between 3190 and 4115m. On average, one indirect evidence of snow leopard was found for every 39km walked. About 39% of the evidence was found on the hill-slope followed by valley floor (30%), cliff (15%) and 8% from both stream bed and scree slope. Preferred mean slope was 28° (maximum 60°). Snow leopard-human conflicts were assessed through questionnaire surveys from Govind Pashu Vihar, Askot Wild Life Sanctuary and Dung (Munsiari) areas. They revealed that livestock depredation is the only component of conflict and contributed to 36% of the total diet (mule, goat and sheep) of snow leopard. Blue sheep and rodents together comprised 36.4% of the total diet. |
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Corporate Author | WWF-India, New Dehli | Thesis | |||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | January 2010. Species Conservation Programme. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1094 | ||
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Author | Maheshwari, A., Takpa, J., Kujur, S., Shawl, T. | ||||
Title | An Investigation of Carnivore-Human Conflicts in Kargil and Drass Areas of Jammu and Kashmir, India | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-30 | ||
Keywords ![]() |
India, snow leopard, Kargil, Drass, Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Wildlife Protection, WWF India | ||||
Abstract | Still, there are areas from where very poor information is available on snow leopard and associated species. Keeping this in view, Kargil and Drass areas of Ladakh,Jammu and Kashmir were identified as “gaps” in available information on snow leopard. Kargil has not received much attention for wildlife studies due to its proximity to the International Boundary between India and Pakistan and resultant security implications. The only information available from the area is from a study done by Sathyakumar (2003) on the occurrence of Himalayan brown bear from Zanskar and Suru Valleys in Ladakh. But there was very poor information on the occurrence and distribution of other carnivores and conflicts with humans in Kargil. Therefore, this study was felt necessary to establish the following objectives: 1. Surveys for the occurrence and distribution of snow leopard and other large carnivores and their prey 2. To estimate abundance of prey species 3. To study food habits of snow leopard and other carnivores based on scat analysis 4. To study the of carnivore – human conflicts 5. To study the socio-economic conditions of rural community and develop local awareness programme |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | India | Editor | ||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Report submitted to Rufford Small Grant. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1093 | ||
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Author | Yondon, O. | ||||
Title | Long-Term Conservation of Argali and Snow Leopard in the Trans-Boundary Areas of the Altai-Sayan Ecoregion between Mongolia and Russia (Second Phase) | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-6 | ||
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Mongolia, Russia, argali, snow leopard, Altai-Sayan | ||||
Abstract | Objective 1: To ensure long-term conservation of Argali and Snow leopard in the selected areas through proactive involvement of local communities and local organisations. Objective 2. Facilitate establishing new PA in priority areas (critical habitat and migration corridors) of Argali and Snow leopard, which includes also trans-boundary PA’s |
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Corporate Author | WWF Mongolia | Thesis | |||
Publisher | WWF Mongolia | Place of Publication | Mongolia | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Half-year (6 month) report | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1106 | ||
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Author | Richardson, N. | ||||
Title | The snow leopard: ghost of the mountains | Type | Newspaper Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | The telegraph | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | 16 Dec 2010 | Pages | ||
Keywords ![]() |
Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, Panthera, snow leopard, research | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopards face the threats of poaching, habitat loss and diminishing prey. In remotest Mongolia, a research team is keeping tabs on this iconic and elusive species. | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/wildlife/8207266/The-snow-leopard-ghost-of-the-mountains.html | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1292 | ||
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Author | Ale, S., Thapa, K., Jackson, R., Smith, J.L.D. | ||||
Title | The fate of snow leopards in and around Mt. Everest | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 53 | Issue | Autumn | Pages | 19-21 |
Keywords ![]() |
Mt. Everest, Everest, Rolwaling, snow leopard, re-colonize, Nepal | ||||
Abstract | Since the early 2000s snow leopards Panthera uncia have re-colonized the southern slopes of Mt. Everest after several decades of extirpation. Are they now beginning to disperse to the adjoining valleys that may serve as habitat corridors linking the Everest region to other protected areas in Nepal? We conducted a cursory survey in autumn 2009 in Rolwaling lying west of Mt. Everest and detected snow leopard presence. We conclude that in these remote valleys snow leopards must rely upon livestock given the low abundance of natural prey, Himalayan tahr. Livestock-rearing is unfortunately declining in the region. Rolwaling requires immediate conservation attention for the continued survival of the endangered snow leopard and other high altitude flora and fauna. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1181 | ||
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Author | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association | ||||
Title | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association Report March 2010 | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords ![]() |
nature; tourism; surveys; survey; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; attack; domestic; Animals; Animal; illegal; illegal hunting; hunting; territory; province; 2010; hunt; 1990; movements; movement; pasture; desert; number; species; birds; river; mountain; hunters; hunter; recent; government; structure; management; national; central; people; Report; gobi; Gobi Desert; reproduction; Adult; meat; food; ibex; wild; wild sheep; sheep; marmot; nutrition; schools; population; use; local; big; big game; big-game; game; 310; mountains; wolves; wolf; Seasons; times; zones; global; Mongolia; 40; history; ecology | ||||
Abstract | In accordance with order of the Ministry of Nature and Tourism, zoologists of our association have made surveys in three ways such as reasons why snow leopards attack domestic animals, “Snow leopard” trial operation to count them and illegal hunting in territories of Khovd, Gobi-Altai, Bayankhongor, Uvurkhangai and Umnugobi provinces from September 2009 to January 2010. As result of these surveys it has made the following conclusions in the followings: Reason to hunt them illegally: the principal reason is that administrative units have been increased and territories of administrative units have been diminished. There have been four provinces in 1924 to 1926, 18 since 1965, 21 since 1990. Such situation limits movements of herdsmen completely and pastures digressed much than ever before. As result of such situation, 70% of pastures become desert. Such digression caused not only heads of animals and also number of species. Guarantee is that birds such as owls, cuckoo, willow grouse in banks of Uyert river, Burkhanbuudai mountain, located in Biger soum, Gobi-Altai province, which are not hunted by hunters, are disappearing in the recent two decades. For that reason we consider it is urgently necessary for the government to convert administrative unit structures into four provinces. This would influence herdsmen moving across hundreds km and pastures could depart from digression. Second reason: cooperative movement won. The issues related to management and strengthening of national cooperatives, considered by Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in the meeting in March 1953 was the start of cooperatives' movement. Consideration by Yu. Tsedenbal, chairman of Ministers Council, chairman of the MPRP, on report “Result of to unify popular units and some important issues to maintain entity management of agricultural cooperatives” in the fourth meeting by the Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party /MPRP/ on December 16-17, 1959, proclaimed complete victory of cooperative. At the end of 1959, it could unify 767 small cooperative into 389 ones, unify 99.3 % of herdsmen and socialize 73.3 % of animals. The remaining of animals amount 6 million 163 thousands animals, and equals to 26.7% of total animals. This concerned number of animals related to the article mentioned that every family should have not more that 50 animals in Khangai zone and not more 75 animals in Gobi desert. It shows that such number could not satisfy needs of family if such number is divided into five main animals in separating with reproduction animals and adult animals. So herdsmen started hunt hoofed animals secretly and illegally in order to satisfy their meat needs. Those animals included main food of snow leopard such as ibex, wild sheep, and marmot. Third reason is that the state used to hunt ibex, which are main nutrition of snow leopards, every year. The administrative unit of the soum pursued policy to hunt ibex in order to provide meat needs of secondary schools and hospitals. That's why this affected decrease of ibex population. Preciously from 1986 to 1990 the permissions to hunt one thousands of wild sheep and two thousands of ibexes were hunt for domestic alimentary use every year. Not less than 10 local hunters of every soum used to take part in big game of ibexes. Also they hunted many ibexes, chose 3-10 best ibexes and hid them in the mountains for their consummation during hunting. Fourth reason: hunting of wolves. Until 1990 the state used to give prizes to hunter, who killed a wolf in any seasons of the year. Firstly it offered a sheep for the wolf hunter and later it gave 25 tugrugs /15 USD/. Every year, wolf hunting was organized several times especially picking wolf-cubs influenced spread and population of wolves. So snow leopard came to the places where wolves survived before and attack domestic animals. Such situation continued until 1990. Now population of ibexes has decreased than before 1990 since the state stopped hunting wolves, population of wolves increased in mountainous zones. We didn't consider it had been right since it was natural event. However population of ibexes decreased. Fifth reason: Global warming. In recent five years it has had a drought and natural disaster from excessive snow in the places where it has never had such natural disasters before. But Mongolia has 40 million heads of domestic animals it has never increased like such quantity in its history before. We consider it is not incorrect that decrease of domestic animals could give opportunities to raise population of wild animals. Our next survey is to make attempt to fix heads of snow leopards correctly with low costs. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1100 | Serial | 705 | ||
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Author | Rosen, T. | ||||
Title | From Yellowstone to the Karakorums: A journey to understand conflicts with large carnivores | Type | Magazine Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | NRCC News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 23 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 12-13 |
Keywords ![]() |
Pakistan, Project Snow Leopard, Baltistan Wildlife Conservation and Development Organization | ||||
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Notes | NRCC News (Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative) annual newsletter: bridging science and policy to advance conservation. Fall 2010, issue 23(1). | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1295 | ||
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Author | Sharma, R. | ||||
Title | Of Men and Mountain Ghosts: Glimpses from the Rooftop of the World | Type | Magazine Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | GEO | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 3 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 56-67 |
Keywords ![]() |
snow leopard, camera trap, Spiti, India, Sharma | ||||
Abstract | Catching a glimpse of a snow leopard is a rare and exciting event for anyone. For researchers, hideen camera traps have become a vital tool in their work. | ||||
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Publisher | GEO International | Place of Publication | India | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1139 | ||
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