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Author |
Kolosov A.M. |
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Title |
The mountains of Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1968 |
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40-41 |
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7210; Russian |
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It provides description of main game animals in the USSR, considers a matter of rare species conservation, as well as keeping, breeding and feeding the species and enriching fauna by means of acclimatization. Snow leopard is indicated to inhabit the Tien-Shan Mountains along with species such as ibex, roe deer, moral, lynx, and others, and the mountains of Siberia along with argali, ibex, lynx, sable, glutton, etc. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Enrichment of game fauna in the USSR.Call Number: USSR/ game species/ distribution/ captive breeding/ conservation/ snow leopard. |
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SLN @ rana @ 699 |
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548 |
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Author |
Vashetko, E.; Esipov A.; Bykova, E.; Kreuzberg, E. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Bibliography. Central Asia (Abstracts) |
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2005 |
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analysis; asia; bibliography; central; Central Asia; conservation; ecology; International; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; international snow leopard trust; Islt; leopard; project; region; Russian; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; trust; work |
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Bibliography of the Snow Leopard included publications on the studying various questions of ecology and conservation of the Snow Leopard in Central Asia (305) for the period 1873 to 2004. The most important works on this species in the region, as well as results of the analysis of timing of publications was described. |
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English version. Also available in Russian in the SLN bibliography. Project supported by International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), was carried out in 2004-2005. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1061 |
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983 |
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Author |
Dementiev G.P. |
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Title |
Quadrupeds inhabitants of the mountains |
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Miscellaneous |
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1967 |
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110-116 |
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asia; mountain fauna; endemics; species range; rodents; ungulates; carnivores; marmots; pikas; voles; ibex; mountain sheep; snow leopard.; 6480; Russian |
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All species inhabiting the highlands of Asia are normally referred to as herbivorous or predators. A majority of alpine land species (rodents and ungulates) feeds upon leaves, stalks, and roots of plants. Among widely distributed highland species the most interesting are marmots, red pica, grey vole, argali, and ibex. Argali and ibex are preyed on by snow leopards. There are reasons to believe that these mountain animal species are more ancient than their cognates in a plain. All the way from Central Asia to Europe, species belonging to the eastern and western fauna complexes are observed to interpenetrate. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: In severe cold and heat. (Animal and landscape). |
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SLN @ rana @ 626 |
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235 |
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Author |
Korytin S.A. |
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Animal's behavior near attractions. Animal's reaction to chasing with dogs. Animal behavior and traps |
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Miscellaneous |
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1986 |
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49-51 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Cats; behavior; snow leopard.; 7300; Russian |
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It describes trophic behavior of the cat family species (lion, tiger, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, caracal, reed cat, wild cat and domestic cat), their reaction to dog-chasing and behavioral patterns when trapped. Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) sometime eat dead animals. After killing the prey they take it away. Irbis eats the carcass, half-risen on front limbs, beginning from the chest and front limbs or lower part of belly, usually not touching intestines. It eats slowly and spends a lot of time near the carcass and returns to the carcass several times. Known are cases that two snow leopards, or a snow leopard and wolf eating the prey together. Snow leopard usually keeps birds off the carcass. If a man approaches snow leopard normally goes away, sometimes putting up with his close presence. Escaping from dogs, snow leopard was seen to plunge into the river. When trapped, snow leopard rather easily surrenders to man. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Habits of wild animals. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 708 |
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551 |
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Author |
Severtsov N.A. |
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Animals. Mammalia. Typical mountain animals. Taxonomic tables of the Turkistan fauna |
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Miscellaneous |
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1953 |
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20, 29-38, 104-105 |
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Centarl Asia; geographical zones; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8120; Russian |
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Geo-botanic and zoogeographical description of altitude landscape zones of Central Asia is given. Snow leopard (Felis irbis), ibex (Capra sibirica), brown bear (Ursus leuconyx), dhole (Canis alpinus) and others (10 species in total) are vertically distributed (2,348 3,048 m) in the deciduous forest, fir forest and alpine meadow zones. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Vertical and horizontal distribution of Turkistan animals (printed according to the edition of 1873). |
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SLN @ rana @ 790 |
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878 |
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Author |
Vashetko E.V. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard bibliography in Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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358-383 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; bibliography; snow leopard.; 8470; Russian |
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Reference List of the Snow Leopard investigation included publications on the studying various questions of ecology and conservation of the Snow Leopard in Central Asia (355) for the period with 1851 for 2004. The most important work on this species in the region, as well as results of the analysis of timing of publications was described. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status and perspectives of the protected area network in Central Asia. |
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SLN @ rana @ 824 |
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982 |
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Author |
Koshkarev E. |
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Title |
Critical Ranges as Centres of Biodiversity |
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Miscellaneous |
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1998 |
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N 14 |
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37-38 |
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Central Asia; biodiversity; rare species; species survival; snow leopard.; 7270; Russian |
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A high percentage of rare species in Central Asia experience limited conditions for distribution. Geographic centers with higher species diversity are generally constrained in terms of territory: they are formed when ranges overlap. But in Central Asia and along its borders with Russia, centers of biodiversity overlap at the very marginal edges of ranges. Central Asian species cross into Russian territory, where desert and steppe are replaced by thick forest. Here the northern borders of their ranges are sharply fragmented and isolated. Typical examples for Central Asia are the ranges of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), Asian leopard (Panthera pardus caucasica), striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena), Bukhara deer (Census elaphus bactrianus), markhor (Capra falconeri), blue sheep (Pseudois nayauf) and argali (Ovis ammon). In Russia are the Altai subspecies of argali, the Siberian argali (O.a.ammon), the mountain goat (Capra sibirica), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Pallas' cat (Felis manul), dhole (Cuon alpinus), grey marmot (Marmota baibacina), Mongolian marmot (M. sibirica) and tolai hare (Lepus tolai). Where the numbers o f individuals has fallen to extreme lows, the most effective mechanism for species survival may be supporting the integrity of ranges, in order to preserve population exchanges between neighboring groups. The geographic location of reserves and other protected territories is vitally important for the survival of Central Asian species, given the acute fragmentation of their ranges. These reserves should include significant, viable centers of population the key places. Wherever the creation of permanent protected territories is impossible, a new tactic must be found, such as introducing temporary limitations on the use of land for agriculture and hunting. But all protected territories, whether temporary or permanent, should be connected, forming a core and periphery. The marginal range areas must not be forgotten, if total protection of endangered populations is to be accomplished. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Russian Conservation News. |
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SLN @ rana @ 705 |
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555 |
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Author |
Puzanov I.I. |
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Central Asia sub-area |
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Miscellaneous |
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1938 |
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240-244 |
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Central Asia; fauna; snow leopard.; 8020; Russian |
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The author describes fauna of the Central Asia sub-area. Snow leopard is a typical inhabitant of the sub-area highlands. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Zoogeography. |
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SLN @ rana @ 780 |
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797 |
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Author |
Laptev M.K. |
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Title |
The cats – Felidae |
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Miscellaneous |
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1929 |
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Issue I. |
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55-60 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; Felidae; snow leopard; taxonomy; distribution.; 7550; Russian |
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It describes identification features of the Felidae family species (ItŒ¤ŒlŒbus, A¤inŒn¢o, L¢no, Oigris, D…rdus, Uncia, r†m…†lurus, ¥…a…¤…l, ¥atolynx, Felis): colour, body size and skull length, length of limbs, presence or absence of ear-brushes, cheek-bones width, nasal bones, palatine bone, rapacious tooth, and acoustical capsules. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Central Asia mammals Guide (insectivorous, bats, predators, and ungulates). |
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SLN @ rana @ 733 |
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611 |
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Kogan M.I. |
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The Kazakh SSR. The Kyrgyz SSR. The Uzbek and Tajik SSR. The Turkmen SSR |
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1931 |
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47, 51-52,55-57, 59, 61-62. |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 7160; Russian |
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It describes geographical, soil, climatic and hydrological features of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Types of economic activities including fur-trade are described, too. Game preserves are classified, and list of game fauna species inhabiting these republics is given. Snow leopard lives in rocky mountains and is hunted very rarely. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Soviet Asia as a fur-trade region. |
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SLN @ rana @ 694 |
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540 |
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Gvozdetskiy N.A. |
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Altitudal landscape zones |
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1970 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; geobotany; zoogeography; mountain zones; Animals; snow leopard.; 6840; Russian |
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It provides geobotanic and zoogeographic description of vertical landscape zoning. Particularly, in alpine meadows and meadow steppes and partially zone of mountain plateau (“syrt”) of highland, the common species are argali (Ovis ammon poloi), ibex (Capra sibirica sakeen), snow leopard (Felis uncia), Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos leuconyx), and red pica; very numerous are marmots and vole (Microtus gregalis). The bird fauna includes Himalayan snow-cock (Tetraogallus himalayensis), Alpine chough (Pyrrhocorax graculus), chough (P. pyrrhocorax), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), rosefinch species. There are many waterfowl birds on the lakes. There are many Central Asian, particularly Tibetan species among the animals inhabiting highlands of the Tien Shan. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Physical geography of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 662 |
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364 |
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Author |
Syroyechkovskiy E.E. |
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Kazakhstan and Central Asia |
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1975 |
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223-231 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; Kazakhstan; fauna; snow leopard; distribution.; 8370; Russian |
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Common features, origin, and landscape and zonal peculiarities of fauna in Kazakhstan and Central Asia are described. This region is part of the Mediterranean and Central Asia sub-zone of Golarctic, while north-eastern part of Kazakhstan is incorporated in the Round-boreal sub-zone. The main features of nature (sharply continental climate, vast valleys and well-marked zoning combined with a sophisticated system of vertical mountain zoning) stipulate the abundance and diversity of fauna. There are over 100 fish species, some 100 reptile and amphibian species, about 500 bird and 160 mammal species here. Snow leopard can be found in Kazakhstan's part of the Altai, in the Tien Shan and Pamir mountains. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Fauna of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 815 |
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954 |
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Kuznetsov B.A. |
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The mountainous province in Central Asia |
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1950 |
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Edition 20th. (XXXV). New series. Zoological secti |
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141-144 |
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Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Central Asia; landscapes; biodiversity; mountain zone; fauna; snow leopard.; 7510; Russian |
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The landscape and biologic diversity of Central Asia's mountains are described. Different types of fauna complexes are segregated. Snow leopard, dhole, and ibex are referred to Central Asia's highland species. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Essay on geographical zoning in the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 729 |
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600 |
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Author |
Krever V. |
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Title |
Ecosystems of the High Mountains Species of Special Interest in Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1998 |
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55-59 |
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Central Asia; mountain ecosystem; fauna; vertebrates; endangered species; threats; protected areas network; snow leopard.; 7470; Russian |
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It gives description complexes of mountain ecosystems fauna of Central Asia, endangered vertebrates, main threats to biodiversity and existing protected areas network. Among the rare animal species of the alpine and subalpine meadows first of all should be listed the West Tien Shan endemic, the Menzbier's marmot (Marmota menzbien); the markhor wild goat which still inhabits the Vakhsh range in Tadjikistan; the dhole (Cyon alpinus) which is practically extinct; the Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus), and the snow leopard (Uncia uncia); among birds, the wlute-chested dove (Columba leuconota), sandgrouse (Syrrhaptes tibetanus, snowcocks (Tetraogallus tibetanus, T.altaicus) and bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus). |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity Conservation in Central Asia. An Analysis of Biodiversity and Current Threats and Initial Investment Portfolio. |
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SLN @ rana @ 725 |
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596 |
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Author |
Bobrinskiy N.A. |
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Title |
Preditors (Carnivora). The mountains of Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1938 |
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233-234 |
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Central Asia; mountain system; fauna; snow leopard; wild ibex.; 6340; Russian |
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It describes fauna of the Tien Shan, Pamir and Hissar mountains of Central Asia. The mountains of Central Asia. Ibex (Capra sibirica) and snow leopard (Uncia uncia) are listed among other inhabitants of highlands in Tien Shan and Pamir Hissar. |
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1938 |
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Russian |
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Full text available in Russian Journal Title: A course of zoology. |
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SLN @ rana @ 612 |
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181 |
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Author |
Kolosov A.M. |
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Title |
Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1975 |
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93-104 |
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Central Asia; mountain system; species composition; distribution; number; habitats; rare species; endemics; game species; mammals; snow leopard.; 7190; Russian |
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It describes a mammal species composition in the mountain ecosystems of Central Asia Kopetdag, Hissaro-Alai and Pamir, Tien Shan, and Tarbagatai ridge. Data on distribution and population number is presented. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protection and enrichment of the USSR fauna. |
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SLN @ rana @ 697 |
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546 |
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Author |
Berg L.S. |
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Title |
Fauna |
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Miscellaneous |
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1938 |
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161-164 |
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Central Asia; mountains; fauna; snow leopard.; 6270; Russian |
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It provides description of fauna of the Central Asia mountains. Ibex (Capra sibirica) was noticed to keep to the alpine and sub-alpine zone and never descends bellow 2,500 m. Hunting for ibex and wild sheep, snow leopard (Leopardus uncia) keeps at the same elevation. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 605 |
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133 |
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Author |
Kuznetzov B.A. |
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Title |
Materials on mammal fauna in Central Asia. Central Asian mountainous province |
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Miscellaneous |
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1963 |
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116-121 |
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Central Asia; mountains; fauna; snow leopard; distribution.; 7520; Russian |
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It provides a list of mammals of Central Asia (species and sub-species) indicating their main habitats, and undertakes an attempt to zone fauna of Central Asia based on data collected by the world science community concerning distribution of various mammal species over the country. Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schr. was indicated to inhabit the mountains of Central Asia. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biology, biogeography, and taxonomy of mammals in the USSR. Proceeding of MOIP. |
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SLN @ rana @ 730 |
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604 |
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Author |
Bobrinskiy N.A. |
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Title |
Mountains of Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1946 |
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417-427 |
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Central Asia; mountains; hauna; snow leopard.; 6350; Russian |
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A general description of fauna complexes of Central Asia's mountains (Djungar Ala-Tau, Tien-Shan, Gissar, Pamir, Kopet-Dag, Greater Balkhans) is given. A review of main animal groups and an attempt to zone fauna of Central Asia's mountains are made. Fauna of Central Asia's highlands with its specific variety of species (snow leopard, ibex, argali, snow cock and others) is western outpost of Inner Asia's mountain fauna. Snow leopard inhabits highlands of Djungar Ala-Tau, East and West Tien Shan, Bukhara and East Pamir. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Geography of animals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 613 |
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182 |
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Author |
Ammosov, B. |
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Central Asia mountains. Snow leopard or irbis |
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Miscellaneous |
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1973 |
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92-93 |
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Central Asia; natural zones; snow leopard; distribution; habitats; number; trade.; 6010; Russian |
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All natural zones are represented in the mountains of Central Asia: deserts, semi-deserts, steppes, meadows, forests and shrubs, sub-alpine zones, alpine zones. Irbis (snow leopard) is a typical inhabitant of highlands. In the USSR, snow leopard is distributed in the mountains of Central Asia and southern Siberia. Outside the country this species is met in the Himalayas, Tibet, mountains of Mongolia. It is rare everywhere. The annual world trade is less than 1,000 animals. Being a non-numerous species, it causes negligible damage to farming and hunting industry. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunting industry of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 580 |
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69 |
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Chumakova A.V. |
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Title |
The Kyzylsu, Miraki, and Markakol nature reserves |
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Miscellaneous |
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1980 |
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153-155 |
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Central Asia; nature reserves; Kysylsu nature reserve; Miraki nature reserve; Markakol nature reserve; establishment; soil; climate; physiographic factors; researching; plants; Animals; snow leopard.; 6470; Russian |
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A description of the Kyzylsu, Miraki, and Markakol nature reserves is given and includes as follows: data of establishment, location, physic and geographic description, types of soils, climate, vegetation, altitude zones, and fauna. In the Kyzylsu nature reserve there are 28 mammal species; in Miraki 23, and in Mirkakol 39. Snow leopard can be found in all the three nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 625 |
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220 |
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Kosharev, E.P. |
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Snow Leopard and Turkestan Lynx Poaching in Central Asia |
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1994 |
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Cat News |
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Autumn |
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21 |
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Central Asia; poaching; Russian; snow leopard; Turkestan |
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Of the many problems facing the republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan after the break-up of the USSR, poaching of endandered animals is of particular concern. Everything is up for sale through the black market, networks of acquaintances, middlemen or even advertisements in the newspapers: horns, skins, mounted trophies, animal parts for traditional medicine. Interest in snow leopard and Turkestan lynx (Lynx lynx isabellinus Blyth), and skins and horns from mountain sheep and goats sharply increased in 1992-93, and prices grew unusually high. |
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Translated from Russian by Kathleen Braden. |
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SLN @ rana @ 941 |
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553 |
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Zakhidov T.Z.Meklenburtsev R.N., B.O.P. |
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Snow leopard Uncia uncia Schreb. Distribution of fauna elements over Central Asia |
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1971 |
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Vol. 2. Vertebrate animals. |
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234-235 |
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Central Asia; snow leopard; distribution; preys; behavior; practical value.; 8670; Russian |
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Snow leopard inhabits the mountainous ecosystems from Tarbagatai to Hissar and Pamir. It feeds upon large animals such as ibex, argali, roe deer, and sometimes domestic sheep, rodents, and birds (most frequently snow cock). The skin of this animal is not of significant value and is rarely an item of trade. In many countries, zoos will readily buy snow leopards. There is no danger for a man to catch snow leopard since even being wounded during a hunt, the animal would never attack the man. An encounter with snow leopard in the mountains will always end safely for human being, as it is always first to spot a man and go away unnoticed. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature and fauna of Central Asia. |
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SLN @ rana @ 844 |
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1069 |
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Koshkarev E. |
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What has happened to the snow leopard after the break-up of Soviet Union? |
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2000 |
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4 (19) |
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72 |
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Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7280; Russian |
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It describes status of snow leopard in republics of the former Soviet Union, main reasons for poaching and negative and positive experience on species conservation. The total number of snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the 1980's was at least 1200-1400. In Kazakhstan the snow leopard population totaled 180-200, in Uzbekistan around 100, and in Russia 150-200. The number and natural habitat of the species were in universal decline. Losses in Kyrgyzstan from poaching alone were no less than 30 animals per year in 1960-1980's. During this period the population in this area decreased by half, and the natural habitat by one third. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, poaching of the snow leopard and its pray grew by at least a factor of 3-4. It was estimated that 500-600 animals reduced the Kyrgyz snow leopard population in the 1990's. The population that remains today can barely be more than 150-200 individual snow leopards. The population has been physically decimated. Number of snow leopard in existence today in the former Soviet Union does not exceed 700-900 individual animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature conservation Journal. |
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SLN @ rana @ 706 |
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556 |
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Koshkarev E. |
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About snow leopard |
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2001 |
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Vol. 8. |
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148-151 |
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Central Asia; status; poaching; conservation measures; snow leopard.; 7290; Russian |
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In 1980-s, in Central Asia there were 1,500-1,700 snow leopards: 800-900 in Kyrgyzstan, 500 in Tajikistan, 200 in Kazakhstan, and 100 in Uzbekistan. During the last century the number of snow leopard was constantly decreasing, though a its drastic reduction was observed after the collapse of the Soviet Union because of increased poaching for snow leopard and its objects of prey. The highest level of poaching was observed to occur in Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's population of snow leopard reduced to 200 animals. A decrease of snow leopard number in other parts of its habitat with less intense hunting (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, south-west Kyrgyzstan) was mostly because of depletion of food resources (population of ungulates reduced five eight times). The reasons are corruption and unemployment. In order to improve the situation it is required to improve regulatory framework and replicate existing positive experience in economic motivation of nature protection activities. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biological diversity of the West Tien Shan (Kazakhstan part). Proceedings of the Aksu Jabagly state nature reserve. |
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SLN @ rana @ 707 |
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557 |
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