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Author Blomqvist, L. url 
  Title International Pedigree Book for Snow Leopards, Uncia uncia Type Book Whole
  Year 2008 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) 9 Pages 1-175  
  Keywords International; pedigree; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; zoo; 4600; studbook  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Helsinki Zoo Place of Publication Helsinki Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Helsinki Zoo, P.O. Box 4600, FIN 00099. Blomqvist is the international studbook keeper and EEP coordinator for snow leopards. leif.blomqvist@hel.fi Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1006 Serial 173  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Darehshuri, B.F. url 
  Title Threatened cats of Asia Type Journal Article
  Year 1978 Publication Wildlife Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 20 Issue (up) 9 Pages 396-400  
  Keywords Asia, Acinonyx jubatus, Asiatic cheetah, cheetah, Siberian tiger, snow leopard  
  Abstract Man's hand is turned against the wild cats wherever they occur, often due to the value of their fur, but also because of the danger they sometimes pose to domestic stock and even human beings. All the larger Asian cats are threatened, and on this and the following pages we look at three of them – the Asiatic cheetah, the Siberian tiger, and the snow leopard.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1116  
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Author Chalise, M.K. url 
  Title Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia), Prey Species and Outreach in Langtang National, Park, Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Our Nature Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) 9 Pages 138-145  
  Keywords Snow leopard, Langtang, prey species, threats, outreach.  
  Abstract Presence of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in Langtang National Park was obscure till 2003. It was confirmed by a

research team trained for the wildlife biology in the field. Along with the study of ecology and behavior of snow leopard sufficient effort were made to generate data on pre species. The study also dealt with threat perceived for the leopard survival while basic unit of conservation- local outreach programs were also initiated.
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1388  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Suryawanshi, K., K. url 
  Title Sunshine and the Shadow Type Magazine Article
  Year 2011 Publication Hornbill Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) April-June Pages 34-37  
  Keywords Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India, snow leopard, sighting, observation, blue sheep, Pseudois nayaur  
  Abstract Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi shares an update on his blog which describes snow leopard sightings in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, while studying the foraging behavior and eating habits of blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur).  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1360  
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Author Jackson, R. url 
  Title Snow Leopards, Local People and Livestock Losses: Finding solutions using Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action (APPA) in the Markha Valley of Hemis National Park, Ladakh, October 6-26, 1999 Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue (up) Autumn Pages 22-23  
  Keywords snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; local; local people; people; livestock; loss; using; participatory; planning; action; valley; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh  
  Abstract Livestock depredation is emerging as a significant issue across the Himalaya, including the Hemis National Park (HNP) in Ladakh. Some consider that this protected area harbors the best snow leopard population in India, but local herders perceive the endangered snow leopard as a serious threat to their livelihood.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1018 Serial 463  
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Author Ale, S., Thapa, K., Jackson, R., Smith, J.L.D. url 
  Title The fate of snow leopards in and around Mt. Everest Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 53 Issue (up) Autumn Pages 19-21  
  Keywords Mt. Everest, Everest, Rolwaling, snow leopard, re-colonize, Nepal  
  Abstract Since the early 2000s snow leopards Panthera uncia have re-colonized the southern slopes of Mt. Everest after several decades of extirpation. Are they now beginning to disperse to the adjoining valleys that may serve as habitat corridors linking the Everest region to other protected areas in Nepal? We conducted a cursory survey in autumn 2009 in Rolwaling lying west of Mt. Everest and detected snow leopard presence. We conclude that in these remote valleys snow leopards must rely upon livestock given the low abundance of natural prey, Himalayan tahr. Livestock-rearing is unfortunately declining in the region. Rolwaling requires immediate conservation attention for the continued survival of the endangered snow leopard and other high altitude flora and fauna.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1181  
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Author Mallon, D. url 
  Title An early record of snow leopard in Myanmar Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 39 Issue (up) Autumn Pages 24  
  Keywords snow leopard, Myanmar  
  Abstract  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1253  
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Author Rode, J., Lambert, C., Marescot, L., Chaix, B., Beesau, J., Bastian, S., Kyrbashev, J., Cabanat, A.L. pdf 
  Title Population monitoring of snow leopards using camera trapping in Naryn State Nature Reserve, Kyrgyzstan, between 2016 and 2019 Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Global Ecology and Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue (up) e01850 Pages 1-6  
  Keywords Snow leopard, camera trapping, Citizen science, Kyrgyzstan  
  Abstract Four field seasons of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) camera trapping inside Naryn State Nature Reserve, Kyrgyzstan, performed thanks to citizen science expeditions, allowed detecting a minimal population of five adults, caught every year with an equilibrated sex ratio (1.5:1) and reproduction: five cubs or subadults have been identified from three litters of two different females. Crossings were observed one to three times a year, in front of most camera traps, and several times a month in front of one of them. Overlap of adults’ minimal territories was observed in front of several camera traps, regardless of their sex. Significant snow leopard presence was detected in the buffer area and at Ulan area which is situated at the reserve border. To avoid poaching on this apex predator and its preys, extending the more stringent protection measures of the core zone to both the Southern buffer area and land adjacent to Ulan is recommended.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1660  
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Author Bohnett, E., Faryabi, S. P., Lewison, R., An, L., Bian, X., Rajabi, A. M., Jahed, N., Rooyesh, H., Mills, E., Ramos, S., Mesnildrey, N., Perez, C. M. S., Taylor, J., Terentyev, V., Ostrowski, S. pdf 
  Title Human expertise combined with artificial intelligence improves performance of snow leopard camera trap studies Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Global Ecology & Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 41 Issue (up) e02350 Pages 1-13  
  Keywords Snow leopard, Artificial intelligence, Camera trap misclassification, individual ID, HotSpotter  
  Abstract Camera trapping is the most widely used data collection method for estimating snow leopard (Panthera uncia) abundance; however, the accuracy of this method is limited by human observer errors from misclassifying individuals in camera trap images. We evaluated the extent Whiskerbook (www.whiskerbook.org), an artificial intelligence (AI) software, could reduce this error rate and enhance the accuracy of capture-recapture abundance estimates. Using 439 images of 34 captive snow leopard individuals, classification was performed by five observers with prior experience in individual snow leopard ID (“experts”) and five observers with no such experience (“novices”). The “expert” observers classified 35 out of 34 snow leopard individuals, on average erroneously splitting one individual into two, thus resulting in a higher number than true individuals. The success rate of experts was 90 %, with less than a 3 % error in estimating the population size in capture-recapture modeling. However, the “novice” observers successfully matched 71 % of encounters, recognizing 25 out of 34 individuals, underestimating the population by 25 %. It was found that expert observers significantly outperformed novice observers, making statistically fewer errors (Mann Whitney U test P = 0.01) and finding the true number of individuals (P = 0.01). These differences were contrasted with a previous study by Johansson et al. 2020, using the same subset of 16 individuals from European zoos. With the help of AI and the Whiskerbook platform, “experts” were able to match 87 % of encounters and identify 15 out of 16 individuals, with modeled estimates of 16 ± 1 individuals. In contrast, “novices” were 63 % accurate in matching encounters and identified 12 out of 16 individuals, modeling 12 ± 1 individuals that underestimated the population size by 12 %. When comparing the performance of observers using AI and the Whiskerbook platform to observers performing the tasks manually, we found that observers using Whiskerbook made significantly fewer errors in splitting one individual into two (P = 0.04). However, there were also a significantly higher number of combination errors, where two individuals were combined into one (P = 0.01). Specifically, combination errors were found to be made by “novices” (P = 0.04). Although AI benefited both expert and novice observers, expert observers outperformed novices. Our results suggest that AI effectively reduced the misclassification of individual snow leopards in camera trap studies, improving abundance estimates. However, even with AI support, expert observers were needed to obtain the most accurate estimates.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1715  
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Author Tallian, A., Mattisson, J., Samelius, G., Odden, J., Mishra, C., Linnell, J. D. C., Lkhagvajav, P., Johansson, O. pdf 
  Title Wild versus domestic prey: Variation in the kill-site behavior of two large felids Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Global Ecology and Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 47 Issue (up) e026750 Pages 1-13  
  Keywords Eurasian lynx, Handling time, Landscape, Livestock, Predation, Snow leopard  
  Abstract Livestock depredation is an important source of conflict for many terrestrial large carnivore

species. Understanding the foraging behavior of large carnivores on domestic prey is therefore

important for both mitigating conflict and conserving threatened carnivore populations. Handling

time is an important, albeit often overlooked, component of predatory behavior, as it directly

influences access to food biomass, which can affect predator foraging efficiency and subsequent

kill rates. We used long-term data on snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in Mongolia (Asia) and

Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Norway (Europe) to examine how large carnivore foraging patterns

varied between domestic and wild prey, and how the different landscape characteristics affected

those patterns. Our results suggest handling time was generally shorter for domestic compared to

wild prey. For snow leopards, rugged terrain was linked to increased handling time for larger

prey. For lynx, handling time increased with terrain ruggedness for domestic, but not wild, prey,

and was greater in closed compared to open habitats. There were also other differences in snow

leopard and lynx foraging behavior, e.g., snow leopards also stayed longer at, and remained closer

to, their kill sites than lynx. Shorter handling time suggests that felids may have utilized domestic

prey less effectively than wild prey, i.e., they spent less time consuming their prey. This could a)

result in an energetic or fitness cost related to decreased felid foraging efficiency caused by the

risk of anthropogenic disturbance, or b) exacerbate conflict if reduced handling time associated

with easy prey results in increased livestock depredation.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1737  
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