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	Author	Chetri, M, Odden, M., Sharma, K., Flagstad, O., Wegge, P
	Title	Estimating snow leopard density using fecal DNA in a large landscape in north-central Nepal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Global Ecology and Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	17	Pages	1-8
	Keywords	Panthera uncia, Density, Annapurna-Manaslu landscape, Noninvasive, Spatial scale
	Abstract	Although abundance estimates have a strong bearing on the conservation status of a species, less than 2% of the global snow leopard distribution range has been sampled systematically, mostly in small survey areas. In order to estimate snow leopard density across a large landscape, we collected 347 putative snow leopard scats from 246 transects (490 km) in twenty-six 5 5km sized sampling grid cells within 4393 km2 in Annapurna- Manaslu, Nepal. From 182 confirmed snow leopard scats, 81 were identified as belonging to 34 individuals; the remaining were discarded for their low (<0.625) quality index. Using maximum likelihood based spatial capture recapture analysis, we developed candidate model sets to test effects of various covariates on density and detection of scats on transects. The best models described the variation in density as a quadratic function of elevation and detection as a linear function of topography. The average density estimate of snow leopards for the area of interest within Nepal was 0.95 (SE 0.19) animals per 100 km2 (0.66e1.41 95% CL) with predicted densities varying between 0.1 and 1.9 in different parts, thus highlighting the heterogeneity in densities as a function of habitat types. Our density estimate was low compared to previous estimates from smaller study areas. Probably, estimates from some of these areas were inflated due to locally high abundances in overlap zones (hotspots) of neighboring individuals, whose territories probably range far beyond study area borders. Our results highlight the need for a large-scale approach in snow leopard monitoring, and we recommend that methodological problems related to spatial scale are taken into account in future snow leopard research.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1478
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	Author	Johansson, O., Kachel, S., Weckworth, B.
	Title	Guidelines for Telemetry Studies on Snow Leopards			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2022	Publication	Animals	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	12	Issue	1663	Pages	1-12
	Keywords	animal welfare; capture; collar; felid; GPS; immobilization; Panthera uncia; trapping
	Abstract	Animal-borne tracking devices have generated a wealth of new knowledge, allowing us to better understand, manage and conserve species. Fitting such tracking devices requires that animals are captured and often chemically immobilized. Such procedures cause stress and involve the risk of injuries and loss of life even in healthy individuals. For telemetry studies to be justifiable, it is vital that capture operations are planned and executed in an efficient and ethical way. Project objectives must be clearly articulated to address well-defined knowledge gaps, and studies designed to maximize the probability of achieving those goals. We provide guidelines for how to plan, design, and implement telemetry studies with a special emphasis on snow leopards that are typically captured using foot snares. We also describe the necessary steps to ensure that captures are conducted safely, and with minimal stress to animals.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1712
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	Author	Li, J., Yin, H., Wang, D., Jiagong, Z., Lu, Zhi
	Title	Human-snow leopard conflicts in the Sanjiangyuan Region of the Tibetan Plateau			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2013	Publication	Biological Conservs	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	166	Pages	118-123
	Keywords	Panthera uncia, Human-wildlife conflict, Traditional use, Livestock depredation, Economic value, Cultural image, Attitude
	Abstract	Conflicts between humans and snow leopards are documented across much of their overlapping distribution in Central Asia. These conflicts manifest themselves primarily in the form of livestock depredation and the killing of snow leopards by local herders. This source of mortality to snow leopards is a key conservation concern. To investigate human-snow leopard conflicts in the Sanjiangyuan Region of the Tibetan Plateau, we conducted household interviews about local herders’ traditional use of snow leopard parts, livestock depredation, and overall attitudes towards snow leopards. We found most respondents (58%) knew that snow leopard parts had been used for traditional customs in the past, but they claimed not in the past two or three decades. It may be partly due to the issuing of the Protection of Wildlife Law in 1998 by the People’s Republic of China. Total livestock losses were damaging (US$ 6193 per household in the past 1 year), however snow leopards were blamed by herders for only a small proportion of those losses (10%), as compared to wolves (45%) and disease (42%). Correspondingly, the cultural images of snow leopards were neutral (78%) and positive (9%) on the whole. It seems that human-snow leopard conflict is not intense in this area. However, snow leopards could be implicated by the retaliatory killing of wolves. We recommend a multi-pronged conservation program that includes compensation, insurance programs, and training local veterinarians to reduce livestock losses.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1399
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	Author	Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Yadong, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Gao, Y. Li, D.
	Title	Analysis of Conservation Gaps and Landscape Connectivity for Snow Leopard in Qilian Mountains of China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2022	Publication	Sustainability	Abbreviated Journal	1-13
	Volume	14	Issue	1638	Pages
	Keywords	national park; protection gap; landscape connectivity; habitat suitability
	Abstract	Human modification and habitat fragmentation have a substantial influence on large carnivores, which need extensive, contiguous habitats to survive in a landscape. The establishment of protected areas is an effective way to offer protection for carnivore populations by buffering them from anthropogenic impacts. In this study, we used MaxEnt to model habitat suitability and to identify conservation gaps for snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Qilian Mountains of China, and then assessed the impact of highways/railways and their corridors on habitat connectivity using a graph-based landscape connectivity model. Our results indicated that the study area had 51,137 km2 of potentially suitable habitat for snow leopards and that there were four protection gaps outside of Qilian Mountain National Park. The findings revealed that the investigated highway and railway resulted in a decrease in connectivity at a regional scale, and that corridor development might enhance regional connectivity, which strengthens the capacity of central habitat patches to act as stepping stones and improve connections between western and eastern habitat patches. This study emphasized the need for assessing the impact of highways and railways, as well as their role in corridor development, on species’ connectivity. Based on our results, we provide some detailed recommendations for designing protection action plans for effectively protecting snow leopard habitat and increasing habitat connectivity.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1686
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	Author	Esson, C. , Skerratt, L. F. , Berger, L. , Malmsten, J., Strand, T. , Lundkvist, A., Järhult, J. D., Michaux, J., Mijiddorj, T. N., , Bayrakçısmith, R., Mishra, C., Johansson, O
	Title	Health and zoonotic Infections of snow leopards Panthera unica in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Infection Ecology & Epidemiology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	1604063	Pages	1-11
	Keywords	Snow leopard; zoonoses; conservation; one health; Mongolia; ticks
	Abstract	Background: Snow leopards, Panthera uncia, are a threatened apex predator, scattered across the mountains of Central and South Asia. Disease threats to wild snow leopards have not been investigated. Methods and Results: Between 2008 and 2015, twenty snow leopards in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia were captured and immobilised for health screening and radio-collaring. Blood samples and external parasites were collected for pathogen analyses using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and next- generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. The animals showed no clinical signs of disease, however, serum antibodies to significant zoonotic pathogens were detected. These patho- gens included, Coxiella burnetii, (25% prevalence), Leptospira spp., (20%), and Toxoplasma gondii (20%). Ticks collected from snow leopards contained potentially zoonotic bacteria from the genera Bacillus, Bacteroides, Campylobacter, Coxiella, Rickettsia, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Conclusions: The zoonotic pathogens identified in this study, in the short-term did not appear to cause illness in the snow leopards, but have caused illness in other wild felids. Therefore, surveillance for pathogens should be implemented to monitor for potential longer- term disease impacts on this snow leopard population.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1625
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	Author	Richardson, N.
	Title	The snow leopard: ghost of the mountains			Type	Newspaper Article
	Year	2010	Publication	The telegraph	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	16 Dec 2010	Pages
	Keywords	Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, Panthera, snow leopard, research
	Abstract	Snow leopards face the threats of poaching, habitat loss and diminishing prey. In remotest Mongolia, a research team is keeping tabs on this iconic and elusive species.
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	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes	http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/wildlife/8207266/The-snow-leopard-ghost-of-the-mountains.html			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1292
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	Author	WWF Russia & WWF Mongolia Programme Office
	Title	Altai-Sayan Ecoregion WWF Newsletter April-June 2011			Type	Report
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	April-June	Issue	16	Pages	1-15
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	Abstract
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	Corporate Author	WWF			Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1349
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	Author	WWF Russia & Mongolia
	Title	WWF Newsletter Altai-Sayan Ecoregion January – March 2011			Type	Report
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	15	Pages	13
	Keywords	snow leopard, Mongolia, hunting
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author	WWF Russia & Mongolia			Thesis
	Publisher	WWF Russia & Mongolia	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1309
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	Author	Poyarkov, A. D., Munkhtsog, B., Korablev, M. P., Kuksin, A. N., Alexandrov, D. Y., Chistopolova, M. D.,Hernandez-Blanco, J. A., Munkhtogtokh, O., Karnaukhov, A. S., Lkhamsuren, N., Bayaraa, M., Jackson, R. M., Maheshwari, A., Rozhnov, V. V.
	Title	Assurance of the existence of a trans-boundary population of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) at Tsagaanshuvuut – Tsagan- Shibetu SPA at the Mongolia-Russia border			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2020	Publication	Integrative Zoology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	15	Pages	224-231
	Keywords	FST, home range, Panthera uncia, snow leopard, trans-boundary population
	Abstract	The existence of a trans-boundary population of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) that inhabits the massifs of Tsagaanshuvuut (Mongolia) – Tsagan-Shibetu (Russia) was determined through non-invasive genetic analysis of scat samples and by studying the structure of territory use by a collared female individual. The genetic analysis included species identification of samples through sequencing of a fragment of the cytochrome b gene and individual identification using a panel of 8 microsatellites. The home range of a female snow leopard marked with a satellite Global Positioning System (GPS) collar was represented by the minimum convex polygon method (MCP) 100, the MCP 95 method and the fixed kernel 95 method. The results revealed insignificant genetic differentiation between snow leopards that inhabit both massifs (minimal fixation index [FST]), and the data testify to the unity of the cross-border group. Moreover, 5 common individuals were identified from Mongolian and Russian territories. This finding clearly shows that their home range includes territories of both countries. In addition, regular movement of a collared snow leopard in Mongolia and Russia confirmed the existence of a cross-border snow leopard group. These data support that trans-boundary conservation is important for snow leopards in both countries. We conclude that it is crucial for Russia to study the northern range of snow leopards in Asia.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rakhee @			Serial	1493
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	Author	Abdusaljamov I.A., Mirzobakhodurova S.R.
	Title	Conservation strategy of rare and endanger vertebrate species of Tajikistan republic			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Bulletin of Academy of Sciences of Republic Tajikistan	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue	143	Pages	40-48
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	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Department of Biological and Medical Sciences			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @			Serial	1352
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