| Records |
| Author |
Egorov O.V. |
| Title |
Enemies, infections, parasites and mortality rate of ibex |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1955 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Vol. 42. |
Issue  |
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Pages |
37-50 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; ungulates; predators; snow leopard.; 6520; Russian |
| Abstract |
Reasons for ibex and argali mortality from natural enemies, parasites, infections, accidents, and hunters are analyzed. Snow leopard is one of the most dangerous enemies of ibex and argali, preying equally on both young and mature animals (mostly males). Snow leopard feeds upon ibex all year round. Unlike wolf, snow leopard would never kill several animals at a time, but only one selected victim. The food remains left by these predators are different in terms of the skull gnawing. Nasal bones and eye-sockets on the skull of ibex killed by snow leopard remain undamaged, while wolf gnaws off nasal part of the skull, breaks eye-sockets, eats lower jaw, widens occipital hole and pulls out brains. Snow leopard leaves large pieces of skin around the skeleton of the victim, whereas wolf tears it to shreds or eats up fully. Sometimes parts of the victim left by snow leopard are eaten by wolf. It is easy to mix the remains of snow leopard's or griffon vulture's food. The remains differ in skin being turned inside out rather than torn to large pieces. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of ZIN of the Academy of Science of the USSR. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 630 |
Serial |
251 |
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| Author |
Filonov K.F. |
| Title |
Large terrestrial mammals in the reserves of Russia: their status and prospects of conservation |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
343-348 |
| Keywords |
Russia; nature reserves; large mammals; carnivores; ungulates; distribution; number; snow leopard.; 6680; Russian |
| Abstract |
The authors make an analysis of fauna of large mammals in 68 nature reserves. There are 10 carnivores and 17 ungulates. Wolf, brown bear, wolverine and lynx appeared to be more widely spread. Dhole, snow leopard, tiger, Himalayan bear have limited distribution and low density. Hey have recorded in a few nature reserves. Among the ungulates wild boar, musk deer, red deer, roe deer, moose, reindeer and aurochs are more widely spread. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 646 |
Serial |
276 |
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| Author |
Formozov A.N. |
| Title |
Seasonal migrations of mammals due to snow cover. Distribution of the Felidae family species |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
83-84 |
| Keywords |
Migration; ungulates; carnivores; snow leopard.; 6740; Russian |
| Abstract |
It describes vertical migrations of ungulates (ibex, wild sheep) in the Semerechie, Altai, Sayans, Tuva, seasonal migrations of steppe ungulates (kulan and saiga), and migrations of predators (lynx, leopard, irbis, tiger, dhole, wolf, glutton) following ungulates during winters with thick snow cover. Shorter local migrations related to uneven snow cover are typical for corsac, fox, and wolf. An analysis of the Felidae family species distribution showed that northern border of the cat family species habitat is connected with borders of 20 30 cm thick snow cover rather than with landscape contours or typical habitats. With the exception of lynx, this can be referred to the large cat family species such as irbis, leopard, and tiger. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Snow cover in life of mammals and birds. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 652 |
Serial |
283 |
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| Author |
Harris, R.B. |
| Title |
Dealing with uncertainty in counts of mountain ungulates |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
105-111 |
| Keywords |
ungulates; blue-sheep; argali; tahr; ibex; prey; predator; status; population; asia; blue; sheep; browse; 3260 |
| Abstract |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
| Language |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 224 |
Serial |
372 |
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| Author |
Heiz A.V. |
| Title |
Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and its protection |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
92-93 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; number; decline; mountain ungulates; livestock; hunting; propaganda; protection.; 6870; Russian |
| Abstract |
In the year 1970, the quantity of snow leopards in Kyrgyzstan was defined as 1,300 animals, while in the years to follow 1,600 animals were recorded. A snow leopard population has significantly decreased since recently because of intense extermination of snow leopard's prey ungulates, particularly ibex. In some areas of the Kyrgyz ridge livestock is growing in number thus affecting snow leopard population. It is extremely rare that snow leopard would attack livestock. Snow leopards can be caught under special license. Educational and awareness work among shepherds and hunters residing in the mountainous area of the country needs to be improved. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare mammal species of the USSR and their protection. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 665 |
Serial |
380 |
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| Author |
Ismagilov M.I. |
| Title |
Protection of rare mammals in Kazakhstan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
230-232 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; nature reserves; mammals; rare species; ungulates; carnivores; rodents; insectivores; bats; snow leopard.; 6990; Russian |
| Abstract |
The following rare mammals can be found in nature reserves of Kazakhstan: argali, goitered gazelle, kulan, snow leopard, stone marten, Tien Shan brown bear, manul, Turkistan lynx, Menzbier's marmot, and porcupine. The rest of rare mammal species (three insectivorous species, seven rodent, eight predator, and two ungulate species) are outside of protected areas and require special protection measures. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Population variability of species, and mammal gene bank conservation problems. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 677 |
Serial |
424 |
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| Author |
Kovshar A.F. |
| Title |
Preservation of gene pool of rare and endangered animal species |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
100-107 |
| Keywords |
Kazakhstan; gene pool; rare species; mammals; ungulates; carnivores; snow leopard; rodents; birds; reptiles; amphibians; fishes.; 7360; Russian |
| Abstract |
The rare species are protected in six nature reserves in Kazakhstan, including 9 mammals, 29 birds, and one reptile species. More than 20 rare and endangered species inhabiting Kazakhstan cannot be met within the nature reserves. The point is to establish a network of state nature reserves, particularly in steppe and desert area of the country. |
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| Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The nature conservation in Kazakhstan. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 714 |
Serial |
581 |
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| Author |
Miller, D.J.; Jackson, R. |
| Title |
Livestock and Snow Leopards:making room for competing users on the Tibetian Plateau |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
315-328 |
| Keywords |
livestock; Tibet; herder; herders; predator; prey; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; Tibetian-Plateau; ungulates; wild-yak; blue-sheep; pika; marmots; gazelle; antelope; Qomolangma; Namcha-Barwa; Chang-Tang; habitat; grazing; wolves; pens; enclosures; bounties; bounty; pelts; skins; coats; furs; poisoning; medicine; bones; land-use; conservation; ecology; blue; sheep; browse; tibetian; plateau; wild; yak; namcha; barwa; change; tang; land use; land; 2800 |
| Abstract |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 244 |
Serial |
676 |
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| Author |
Mishra, C.; Madhusudan, M.D.; Datta, A. |
| Title |
Mammals of the high altitudes of western Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya: an assessment of threats and conservation needs |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
40 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-7 |
| Keywords |
anthropogenic; area; Arunachal; assessment; awareness; bharal; biodiversity; carnivore; carnivores; community; community-based; conservation; deer; depredation; dhole; endangered; extinct; fauna; goral; grazing; habitat; habitats; High; Himalaya; hunting; incentives; India; indian; Iucn; leopard; livestock; livestock-depredation; livestock depredation; local; mammals; musk; musk-deer; nayaur; panthera; people; peoples; plant; plants; potential; Pseudois; Pseudois-nayaur; pseudois nayaur; range; recent; region; Report; reserve; resource; schools; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; species; survey; surveys; threat; threatened; threats; tiger; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; ungulate; ungulates; valley; wildlife; work; Panthera-tigris; tigris |
| Abstract |
The high altitudes of Arunachal Pradesh,India, located in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, remain zoologically unexplored and unprotected. We report results of recent mammal surveys in the high altitude habitats of western Arunachal Pradesh. A total of 35 mammal species (including 12 carnivores, 10 ungulates and 5 primates) were recorded, of which 13 are categorized as Endangered or Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. One species of primate, the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala, is new to science and the Chinese goral Nemorhaedus caudatus is a new addition to the ungulate fauna of the Indian subcontinent. We documented peoples' dependence on natural resources for grazing and extraction of timber and medicinal plants. The region's mammals are threatened by widespread hunting. The snow leopard Uncia uncia and dhole Cuon alpinus are also persecuted in retaliation for livestock depredation. The tiger Panthera tigris, earlier reported from the lower valleys, is now apparently extinct there, and range reductions over the last two decades are reported for bharal Pseudois nayaur and musk deer Moschus sp.. Based on mammal species richness, extent of high altitude habitat, and levels of anthropogenic disturbance, we identified a potential site for the creation of Arunachal's first high altitude wildlife reserve (815 km2). Community-based efforts that provide incentives for conservation-friendly practices could work in this area, and conservation awareness programmes are required, not just amongst the local communities and schools but for politicians, bureaucrats and the army. |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 861 |
Serial |
697 |
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| Author |
Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P. |
| Title |
Wild sheep and livestock in Nepal Trans-Himalaya: coexistence or competition? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Environmental Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-136 |
| Keywords |
bharal; blue sheep; diet; food habits; mountain ungulates; Nepal; pastoralism; pseudois nayaur; rangeland management; resource partitioning |
| Abstract |
Excessive grazing by livestock is claimed to displace wild ungulates in the Trans-Himalaya. This study compares the seasonal diets and habitat use of sympatric wild naur Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus, sheep Ovis aries and free-ranging yak Bos grunniens in north Nepal and analyses their overlap both within and across seasons. Alpinemeadow and the legumes Oxytropis and Chesneya were critical resources for all animal groups. High overlap occurred cross-seasonally when smallstock (sheep and goats) in summer used the spring and autumn ranges of naur. Relatively high total ungulate biomass (3028 kg km-2) and low recruitment of naur (56 young per 100 adult females in autumn) suggested interspecific competition. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in composition and phenology of food plants across the steep gradient of altitude, together with rotational grazing, appears to indirectly facilitate coexistence of naur and smallstock. However, owing to high crossseasonal (inter-seasonal) overlaps, competition is likely to occur between these two groups at high stocking densities. Within seasons, naur overlapped more with free-ranging yak than with smallstock. As their habitat use and diets were most similar in winter, when both fed extensively on the same species of shrubs, naur was most likely to compete with yak during that season.
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 936 |
Serial |
890 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B.; Jurang, R.; Mingjiang, Q. |
| Title |
Status of snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) in Qinghai-Province and Gansu Province-China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
179-194 |
| Keywords |
status; population; China; Qinhai-province; Gansu-province; conservation; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; prey; ungulates; blue-sheep; marmot; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; qinhai province; qinhai; province; gansu province; gansu; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 860 |
| Abstract |
The status and distribution of the snow leopard Panthera uncia was investigated in two provinces of China. The cats occur over about 65,000km2 or 9% of the Qinghai Province, and in a few places along the western edge of Gansu Province. In many areas the animals have in recent decades been decimated or locally eradicated, as have their prey. Counts of wild ungulates in 9 mountain block, totalling 1375km2, known for abundant wildlife, had an average of 1.4-5.4 animals km2, principally blue sheep Psuedois nayaur, which together with marmot Marmota himalayana, represent the snow leopards main prey. Possibly 650 snow leopards survive in Qinghai but shooting and trapping of this legally protected animal and the hunting of blue sheep for local consumtion and export threaten their existence. |
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Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 113 |
Serial |
867 |
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| Author |
Saltz, D.; Rowen, M.; Rubenstein, D. |
| Title |
The effect of space-use patterns of reintroduced Asiatic wild ass on effective population size |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Conservation Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1852-1861 |
| Keywords |
Israel; reintroduction; ungulates; conservation; population; territorial; 5260 |
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| Notes |
Full text available at URL |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 511 |
Serial |
840 |
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| Author |
Khanyari, M., Suryawanshi, K. R., Milner-Gulland, E. J., Dickinson, E., Khara, A., Rana, R. S., Vineer, H. R., Morgan, E. R. |
| Title |
Predicting Parasite Dynamics in Mixed-Use Trans-Himalayan Pastures to Underpin Management of Cross-Transmission Between Livestock and Bharal |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
714241 |
Pages |
1 - 21 |
| Keywords |
disease, Trans-Himalaya, livestock, nematodes, bharal, model, ungulates, grazing |
| Abstract |
The complexities of multi-use landscapes require sophisticated approaches to addressing disease transmission risks. We explored gastro-intestinal nematode (GINs) infections in the North India Trans-Himalayas through a socio-ecological lens, integrating parasite transmission modelling with field surveys and local knowledge, and evaluated the likely effectiveness of potential interventions. Bharal (blue sheep; Pseudois nayaur), a native wild herbivore, and livestock share pasture year-round and livestock commonly show signs of GINs infection. While both wild and domestic ungulates had GINs infections, egg counts indicated significantly higher parasite burdens in bharal than livestock. However, due to higher livestock densities, they contributed more to the total count of eggs and infective larvae on pasture. Herders also reported health issues in their sheep and goats consistent with parasite infections. Model simulations suggested that pasture infectivity in this system is governed by historical pasture use and gradually accumulated larval development during the summer, with no distinct short-term flashpoints for transmission. The most effective intervention was consequently predicted to be early-season parasite suppression in livestock using temperature in spring as a cue. A 1-month pause in egg output from livestock could lead to a reduction in total annual availability of infective larvae on pasture of 76%, potentially benefitting the health of both livestock and bharal. Modelling suggested that climate change over the past 33 years has led to no overall change in GINs transmission potential, but an increase in the relative influence of temperature over precipitation in driving pasture infectivity. Our study provides a transferable multi-pronged approach to investigating disease transmission, in order to support herders’ livelihoods and conserve wild ungulates. |
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no |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1673 |
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| Author |
Franchini, M., Atzeni, L., Lovari, S., Nasanbat, B., Ravchig, S., Herrador, F. C., Bombieri, G., Augugliaro, C. |
| Title |
Spatio-temporal behaviour of predators and prey in an arid environment of Central Asia |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Current Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
zoac093 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
avoidance, facilitation, Mongolia, Panthera uncia, ungulates, Vulpes vulpes. |
| Abstract |
The mechanisms of interactions between apex and smaller carnivores may range from competition to facilitation. Conversely, interactions between predators and prey are mainly driven by the prey reducing the likelihood of encounters with predators. In this study, we investigated (i) the spatio-temporal interactions between an apex (the snow leopard) and a meso-predator (the red fox), and (ii) the temporal interactions between the snow leopard and its potential prey (Siberian ibex, argali, Asian wild ass, Tolai hare) through camera-trapping in the Mongolian Great Gobi-A. The probability of occurrence for the red fox was higher in presence of the snow leopard than in its absence. Moreover, the red fox activity pattern matched that of the snow leopard, with both species mostly active at sunset. This positive spatio-temporal interaction suggests that the presence of the snow leopard may be beneficial for the red fox in terms of scavenging opportunities. However, other explanations may also be possible. Amongst prey, the Siberian ibex and the argali were mainly active during the day, whereas the Asian wild ass and the Tolai hare were more nocturnal. These findings suggest that potential prey (especially the Siberian ibex and the argali) may shape their behaviour to decrease the opportunity of encounters with the snow leopard. Our results have revealed complex interactions between apex and smaller predators and between apex predator and its potential prey. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1706 |
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