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Author Oli, M.K.; Rogers, E.M.
Title Seasonal pattern in group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang, Nepal Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Journal of Wildlife Management Abbreviated Journal
Volume 60 Issue (down) 4 Pages 797-801
Keywords prey; snow leopard; panthera uncia; Nepal; annapurna conservation area; predator; blue; sheep; browse; Panthera-uncia; panthera; uncia; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; annapurna; conservation; area; 650
Abstract Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) are the principal prey of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Himalayas and adjacent ranges. We studied group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Overall mean group size was 15.6 (SE = 1.3), but it varied seasonally (P lt 0.001), with significantly smaller groups in winter than in other seasons. Mixed groups were most numerous in all seasons, and there was no evidence of sexual segregation. Yearling sex ratio (93.7 M:100 F) did not vary seasonally, nor did the ratio deviate from parity. Adult sex ratio showed a seasonal pattern favoring males post-parturition but female-biased during the rut and pre-parturition. Seasonal variation in sex-specific mortality is offered as a plausible explanation for the observed pattern in adult sex ratio.
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Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 639.105 JO Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 288 Serial 750
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Author Rasool, G.
Title Population status of Wildlife in Khunjerab National Park Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Tigerpaper Abbreviated Journal
Volume Xvii Issue (down) 4 Pages 25-28
Keywords status; Khunjerab; National-park; park; parks; refuge; reserves; reserve; Pakistan; protected-area; browse; national park; national; 2190
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 161 Serial 807
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Author Schaller, G.B.; Hong, L.; Talipu, J.; Mingjiang, R.Q.
Title The snow leopard in Xinjiang, China Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal
Volume 22 Issue (down) 4 Pages 197-204
Keywords China; Xinjiang; asia; refuges; parks; reserves; snow-leopard; prey; livestock; predators; herders; fur; management; snow leopard; browse; 930
Abstract Snow leopards live in the mountains of Central Asia, their range stretching from Afganastan to Lake Baikal in Eastern Tibet. They are endangered throughout their range, being hunted as predators of mains livestock and for their skin. Much of the snow leopards range lies in China, but not enough is known about its staus there for effective conservation. As part of a project to assess China's high altitude wildlife resources the authors conducted a survey in Xinjiang- a vast arid region of deserts and mountains. Although the snow leopard and other wildlife have declined steeply in Xinjiang in recent decades, the cta still persists and one area has the potential to become one of the best refuges for the species in its entire range. Its future in XInjiang, howevere, depends on well protected reserves, enforcement of regulations against killing the animal, and proper managemnt of the prey species.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 129 Serial 868
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Author Smith, G.
Title Mongolia at the crossroads Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Earth Island Journal Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue (down) 4 Pages 1
Keywords Mongolia; hunting; poaching; economy; snow-leopard; ibex; Argal; protection; conservation; snow leopard; browse; 1170
Abstract Abstract: Assesses foreign investment laws adopted by the government of Mongolia which have been deemed extremely flexible and favorable for Americans. Economic benefits presented by the big game hunt industry; Consultation with Secretary of State James Baker in the formulation of said laws during his July The Mongolian government is trying its best to make the country attractive to foreign investors. Big game hunts are still Mongolia's primary source of foreign cash. European and American hunters are willing to pay as much as $90,000 for rare game such as the ibex or the snow leopard. However, a recent US Fish and Wildlife Service ruling giving protection to the Argal, a wild sheep, could mean the cutting of cash inflows from foreign hunters.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 189 Serial 903
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Author Wack, R.F.; Kramer, L.W.
Title Multifocal osteomyelitis in a young snow leopard (Panthera uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 26 Issue (down) 4 Pages 553-563
Keywords Antibacterial-Drug; Case-Study; diagnosis; Enrofloxacin; Pathophysiology; snow-leopard; veterinary; medical; osteomyelitis; snow leopard; antibacterial; drug; Case; study; snow; leopard; browse; 1370
Abstract A 5-mo-old male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was presented for mild rear leg lameness. Osteomyelitis was suspected on the basis of radiographic changes and confirmed by histopathology of a biopsy sample from the affected bone. Aerobic cultures of the biopsies repeatedly grew Klebsiella oxytoca. Repeated anaerobic and fungal cultures did not result in growth. The leopard was treated unsuccessfully with cefadroxil, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine despite apparent in vitro sensitivity to these antibiotics. Successful resolution was eventually achieved with enrofloxacin, 7.5 mg/kg p.o. b.i.d. for 60 days. The number of bones involved (right humerus, right and left ulna, right and left radius, right and left femur, right and left tibia, mandible, right metatarsus) made this an unusual presentation of osteomyelitis.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 277 Serial 997
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Author Wildt, D.; Pukazhenthi, B.; Brown, J.; Monfort, S.; Howard, J.; Roth, T.
Title Spermatology for understanding, managing and conserving rare species Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Reproduction Fertility and Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue (down) 4 Pages 811-824
Keywords Assisted-Reproduction; Cryopreservation; reproduction; zoo; medical; veterinary; spermatology; genetics; browse; assisted; 1380
Abstract Most conventional spermatology research involves common mammalian species including livestock, laboratory animals and humans. Yet, there are more than 4500 mammalian species inhabiting the planet for which little is known about basic reproductive biology, including sperm characteristics and function. This information is important, not just as adjunct knowledge, but because the majority of these species are threatened with extinction, largely due to human-induced pressures. The field of conservation is changing rapidly, and global cooperation is emerging among a variety of wildlife enthusiasts, ranging from management authorities of nature reserves to curators of rare zoological collections. Conservation progress depends on systematic, multidisciplinary research first to answer basic questions, with new data then applied to endangered species management plans. The reproductive physiologist is a crucial component of this scheme. Reproduction is the essence of species survival, and enormous effort needs to be directed at these 'untraditional' research species, subspecies and populations. Spermatology research combined with simultaneous efforts in endocrinology, embryology and cryopreservation (among others) can lead to the successful application of assisted reproduction. Examples from this laboratory include an array of wild felid species and a rare cervid and mustelid. Obstacles to success are formidable, including unique species-specificities, diminished genetic diversity and a general lack of resources. Nonetheless, the field offers tremendous opportunities for generating unique knowledge of comparative interest and with conservation utility.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 278 Serial 1024
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Author Salles, L.O.
Title Felid phylogenetics: Extant taxa and skull morphology (Felidae, Aeluroidae) Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication American Museum Novitates Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (down) 3047 Pages 1-67
Keywords morphology; taxonomy; phylogeny; Uncia-uncia; cladistics; browse; Uncia uncia; uncia; 1450
Abstract relationships among extant felid taxa are controversial. A historical appraisal addresses component congruence among statements on felid phylogenetic relationships, and monophyly of generic ranks proposed for felids is discussed. Felid cranial morphology (especially the masticatory apparatus, basicranium, and rostral regions) is examined, and 44 characters are postulated for 39 taxa. Internal congruence for these characters is evaluated and 27 components are suggested. Parsimony analysis, using the successive weighting option of Hennig86, of the 44 cranial characters plus 13 other morphological features yields 29 components in a “modified Nelson” consensus cladogram. Two basal, well resolved clades are hypothesized in the total morphology analysis; under parenthetical notation the first is: (Hepailurus yagouaroundi (Puma concolor (Acinonyx jubatus (Uncia uncia (Neofelis nebulosa (Panthera tigris (P. onca, P. leo, and P. pardus)))))). The second clade is: Profelis temmincki (P. badia (Pardofelis marmorata ((Caracal caracal (Lynx rufus (L. lynx (L. pardina (L. canadensis)))) (Felis chaus (F. lybica (L. cafra (L. silvestris (F. bieti (F. nigripes (F. margarita (Octocolobus manul)))))))). Prionailurus planiceps and P. viverrina formed another group which is suggested as the basal branch of the felid phylogeny. The results in this study do not support monophyly of Leopardus Gray, 1841; Profelis Severtzon, 1858; and Prionailurus Severtzon, 1858. A better supported, more highly resolved, felid phylogenetic tree is needed.
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Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 590 Am3a Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 191 Serial 839
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Author Watanabe, M.; Sugano, S.; Togashi, T.; Imai, J.; Uchida, K.; Yamaguchi, R.; Tateyama, S.
Title Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of canine beta-casein Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication DNA Seq Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue (down) 3-4 Pages 295-300
Keywords browse; 390
Abstract A canine beta-casein cDNA was isolated from mammary tissue by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers. It encodes 250 amino acids protein containing the conserved sequence motif of beta- casein. It showed the highest homology with snow-leopard (Uncia uncia (55-62% identity). It also showed 44-53% identity with human, 33-42%, identity with mouse, 29-37%, identity with rat, 43-53% identity with rabbit, 41-48% identity with pig, 44-51% identity with cattle and 44- 50% identity with sheep. A 1.2-kb mRNA was detected in mammary tissue by Northern blot analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that canine beta-casein formed a branch with lesser panda and snow leopard, which were grouped into carnivore.
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 386 Serial 1010
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Author Ali, S.M.
Title The Cats of India Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Myforest Abbreviated Journal
Volume 26 Issue (down) 3 Pages 275-291
Keywords lion; clouded-leopard; cheetah; tiger; leopard; snow-leopard; India; Panthera-leo; Neofelis-nebylosa; Acinonyx-jubatus; Panthera-tigris; Panthera-pardus; Panthera-uncia; behavior; ecology; snow leopard; browse; panthera; uncia; pardus; clouded; leo; neofelis; nebylosa; ancinonyx; jubatus; 820
Abstract Describes the range, behaviour and ecology of lion Panthera leo, tiger P. tigris, leopard P. pardus, snow leopard P. uncia, clouded leopard Neofelis nebylosa and cheetah Acinonyx jubatus. -P.J.Jarvis
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 144 Serial 59
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Author Calle, P.P.; Colter, S.B.; Taylor, R.A.; Wright, A.M.
Title Extramedullary thoracolumbar fungal (scopulariopsis-brumptii) abscesses in 2 snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) littermates Type Journal Article
Year 1989 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 20 Issue (down) 3 Pages 346-353
Keywords medecine; veterinary; medical; zoo; medicine; thoraclumbrar-fungal; browse; 1490
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 131 Serial 207
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Author Chakraborty, R.E.; Chakraborty, S.
Title Identification of dorsal guard hairs of Indian species of the genus Panthera Oken (Carnivora: Felidae) Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal
Volume 60 Issue (down) 3 Pages 480
Keywords identification; India; hair-samples; guard; hairs; panthera; uncia; tigris; leo; pardus; browse; 660
Abstract Dorsal guard hairs of four living Indian species of the genus Panthera, viz. P. tigris, P. leo, P. pardus and P. uncia have been studied. It is found that the characters are somewhat overlapping, but identification of the species may be possible from the combination of characters.
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Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 MA Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 270 Serial 209
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Author Fox, J.L.; Sinha, S.P.; Chundawat, R.S.; Das, P.K.
Title Status of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in Northwest India Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 55 Issue (down) 3 Pages 283-298
Keywords ibex; leopard; snow-leopard; blue-sheep; Asiatic-ibex; asia; Himalayas; India; Himalaya; Jammu; Kashmir; Ladakh; panthera; uncia; Pseudois; nayaur; Capra-ibex; parks; reserves; conservation; capra ibex; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; pseudois nayaur; capra; Asiatic; 790
Abstract Evidence of snow leopard presence was most abundant in C Ladakh, decreased southward toward the crest of the Himalaya, and was least on the S side of the main Himalaya. Prey populations, primarily blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and Asiatic ibex Capra ibex, were also more plentiful in the areas surveyed to the N of the main Himalaya. Perhaps 400 snow leopard occur throughout NW India. The stronghold of this species in India is apparently the trans- Himalayan ranges in Ladakh where new parks and reserves are being established, some in association with a snow leopard recovery programme of the state of Jammu and Kashmir and a 'Project Snow Leopard' of the central Indian government. Because of the generally low density of snow leopard, conservation measures must also be considered within the large areas of its range lying outside parks and reserves. -from Authors
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 174 Serial 297
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Author Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M.
Title Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Zoo Biology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 14 Issue (down) 3 Pages 223-237
Keywords Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390
Abstract An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 279 Serial 345
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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
Title Catching a ghost (the snow leopard) Type Journal Article
Year 1989 Publication International Wildlife. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 19 Issue (down) 3 Pages 30
Keywords Jackson; Ahlborn; browse; 1180
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 130 Serial 442
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Author Karesh, W.B.; Asterino, R.
Title Mandibular osteomyelitis in a snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) with a review of osteomyelitis in other species and man Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 19 Issue (down) 3 Pages 137-142
Keywords osteomyelitis; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; browse; 1540
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Notes Addresses:KARESH WB, WOODLAND PK ZOOL GARDENS,5500 PHINNEY AVE N,SEATTLE,WA 98103AVIAN & EXOT ANIM HOSP,HAWTHORNE,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 132 Serial 516
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Author Liao, Y.F.
Title The Geographical Distribution of Ounces in Qinghai Province Type Journal Article
Year 1985 Publication Acta Theriologica Sinica Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue (down) 3 Pages 183-188
Keywords China; Qinghai; distribution; browse; 5470; ounce; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; province; 20; Qilian; number; 40; Male; Female; park; Adult; bharal; Pseudois; breeding; people; birth; young; Chinese
Abstract This paper deals with the geographical distribution of ounces (Panthera uncia) in Qinghai Province. Ounces are distributed in 20 counties- Guide, Huzhu, Menyuan, Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Golmud, Guinan, Xinghai, Zhidoi, Zadoi, Nangqen, Yushu, Chindu, Qumarleb, Madio, Maqen, Jigzhi, Baima, Darlag. Among them, there fore 4 counties- Qilian, Tianjun, Dulan, Zadoi, in which the number of ounces are bigger. The number of ounces are shown in table 2. There are altogether 73 ounces (40 male, 33 female) which is supported to every park of China for ornamental, they were captured by fellow-villagers, and 44 ounces (23 male, 21 female) of them are below 6 months old, 9 ounces (6 male, 3 female) of them are 1 year old, 2 ounces (male) are 2 years old, and 18 ounces (9 male, 9 female) are adults.

Ounces live at an altitude of 3000-4100 metres above the sea, and prefer to eat Bharal (Pseudois noyour). Its breeding period goes from April to June, the number of embryos being 2-3.

A female ounce was successfully reproduced for the first time at Xining People's Park of China, in Spetember, 1984, and she gave birth to 3 young ounces.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 531 Serial 617
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Author Maier, F.
Title Tracking the snow cat of Ice Mountain Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Wildlife Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 101 Issue (down) 3 Pages 36
Keywords Eugene-Koshkarev; tracking; radio-collars; status; population; herder; trapping; predator; prey; hunting; Russia; herders; browse; Eugene; Koshkarev; radio; collar; collars; 1080
Abstract Snow leopard preservation efforts by Russian biologist Eugene Koshkarev are hampered by the lack of technology and the attitudes of the local population. Without access to radio-collars until recently, the biologists have had to use low-tech research methods such as field observation. The chabani, or semi-nomadic herders of Central Asia, fear the leopards as predators and set traps. Local governments also allow hunting
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 347 Serial 635
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Author Oli, M.K.; Taylor, I.R.; Rogers, M.K.
Title Diet of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal Type Journal Article
Year 1993 Publication Journal of Zoology London Abbreviated Journal
Volume 231 Issue (down) 3 Pages 365-370
Keywords predation; scats; prey; Nepal; blue-sheep; marmot; yaks; pika; livestock; diet; blue; sheep; browse; 770
Abstract The diet of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was studied from 213 scats collected between April 1990 and February 1991 in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Seven species of wild and five species of domestic mammals were taken, as well as an unidentified mammal and birds. Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) were the most frequently eaten prey. Himalayan marmots (Marmota himalayana) were also important, except in winter when they were hibernating. During winter, snow leopards ate more Royle's pika (Ochotona roylei) and domestic livestock. Yaks were eaten more frequently than other livestock types.
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Notes Document Type: English Call Number: QL1 .J879 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 206 Serial 744
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Author Oli, M.K.
Title Winter home range of snow leopards in Nepal Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal
Volume 61 Issue (down) 3 Pages 355-360
Keywords homerange; winter; Nepal; Uncia uncia; densities; distribution; habitat; browse; uncia; home-range; home; range; 600
Abstract Because of their low densities, sparse distribution, elusive behavior, and the precipitous habitat they occupy, snow leopards (Uncia uncia) have been the subject of limited study. This study contributes to that limited database with an investigation of the winter home range of 3 radio-collared snow leopards (2 females and 1 male) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Winter home ranges varied from 13.9-22.3 km2 (x = 19.1). Home ranges overlapped extensively within and between sexes, and an area of 8.1 km2 in the core study site was shared by all three leopards.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 323 Serial 752
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Author Rana, B.S.
Title Distinguishing kills of two large mammalian predators in Spiti Valley Himachal Pradesh Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication J.Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc Abbreviated Journal
Volume 94 Issue (down) 3 Pages 553
Keywords behavior; endangered; threatened species; foods; feeding; mammals; predation; wildlife; livestock relationships; snow leopard; Tibetan wolf; prey; livestock; India; panthera uncia; canis lupis; browse; threatened; species; relationships; tibetan; wolf; panthera; uncia; canis; lupis; 610
Abstract The author studied livestock killed by predators in the Spiti Valley, India, to determine what species had killed yaks, horses, donkeys, and other domestic animals. Eleven of the kills examined were made by snow leopards and six by the Tibetan wolf. Wolves were involved in surplus killings, while snow leopards kill as food is needed. lgh
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 326 Serial 804
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Author Roth, T.L.; Howard, J.G.; Donoghue, A.M.; Swanson, W.F.; Wildt, D.E.
Title Function and culture requirements of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) spermatozoa in vitro Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication J Reprod Fertil Abbreviated Journal
Volume 101 Issue (down) 3 Pages 563-569
Keywords Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Cell; survival; Cells; Cultured; Comparative; study; Culture; Media; Female; Male; Pentoxifylline; Sperm; Motility; Ovum; Interactions; Spermatozoa; cytology; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 190
Abstract Electroejaculates from eight snow leopards were used to determine how the motility of spermatozoa was influenced by (i) type of media (Ham's F10, PBS, human tubal fluid or RPMI-1640); (ii) holding temperature (23 degrees C versus 37 degrees C); (iii) washing of spermatozoa and (iv) a sperm metabolic enhancer, pentoxifylline. The duration of sperm motility was assessed by evaluating samples in each treatment every hour for 6 h and a sperm motility index (a value combining percentage sperm motility and rate of forward progression) calculated. Spermatozoa from the Ham's F10, PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline treatments were also co-incubated with zona-intact, domestic cat eggs that were fixed and evaluated for spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida, penetrating the outer and inner layers of the zona pellucida and within the perivitelline space. During the 6 h co-incubation, the sperm motility index in PBS with pentoxifylline was greater (P < 0.05) than in PBS alone which, in turn, was greater (P < 0.05) than in the other three test media. Washing the spermatozoa enhanced (P < 0.05) motility in both PBS and PBS plus pentoxifylline relative to unwashed samples, but there was no effect (P > 0.05) of holding temperature. Pentoxifylline supplementation enhanced (P < 0.05) the proportion of cat eggs with bound, but not penetrated, snow leopard spermatozoa in the inner layer of the zona pellucida, and there were no spermatozoa in the perivitelline space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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ISSN 0022-4251 ISBN Medium
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 253 Serial 828
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Author Roth, T.L.; Armstrong, D.L.; Barrie, M.T.; Wildt, D.E.
Title Seasonal effects on ovarian responsiveness to exogenous gonadotrophins and successful artificial insemination in the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication Reprod Fertil Dev Abbreviated Journal
Volume 9 Issue (down) 3 Pages 285-295
Keywords Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; Blood; physiology; Estradiol; Female; Gonadotropins; administration; dosage; pharmacology; Chorionic; Equine; Human; Insemination; artificial; methods; veterinary; Laparoscopy; Male; Oocytes; cytology; Ovary; drug; effects; Ovulation; Induction; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Seasons; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 400
Abstract Ovaries of the seasonally-breeding snow leopard (Uncia uncia) were examined to determine whether they were responsive to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. The potential of laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) also was assessed for producing offspring. During the non-breeding, pre-breeding, breeding and post-breeding seasons, females (n = 20) were treated with a standardized, dual- hormone regimen given intramuscularly (600 I.U. of equine chorionic gonadotrophin followed 80-84 h later with 300 I.U. of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)). Laparoscopy was performed 45-50 h after administration of hCG, and all ovarian structures were described. Females with fresh corpora lutea (CL) were inseminated, and anovulatory females were subjected to follicular aspiration to examine oocyte quality. Snow leopards responded to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. Mean number of total ovarian structures (distinct follicles mature in appearance plus CL) did not differ (P > or = 0.05) with season, but the proportion of CL: total ovarian structures was greater (P < 0.01) for the breeding season compared with all other seasons. The proportion of females ovulating was greater (P < 0.05) during the breeding and post-breeding seasons than during the pre-breeding and non- breeding seasons respectively. No Grade-1 quality oocytes were recovered from follicles of anovulatory females. Serum concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta appeared elevated in all females, and neither oestradiol-17 beta concentrations nor progesterone concentrations differed (P > or = 0.05) among seasons. Of 15 females artificially inseminated, the only one that was inseminated in the non-breeding season became pregnant and delivered a single cub. This is the first successful pregnancy resulting from AI in this endangered species.
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ISSN 1031-3613 ISBN Medium
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 325 Serial 830
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Author Rothschild, B.M.; Rothschild, C.; Woods, R.J.
Title Inflammatory arthritis in large cats: An expanded spectrum of spondyloarthropathy Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 29 Issue (down) 3 Pages 279-284
Keywords Acinonyx-jubatus; cheetah; Felidae; Felis-concolor; mountain-lion; Felis-pardalis; ocelot; Panthera-leo; African-lion; Panthera-onca; jaguar; Panthera-pardus; leopard; Panthera-tigris; tiger; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Acinonyx; jubatus; felis; concolor; mountain; lion; pardalis; panthera; leo; african; onca; pardus; tigris; uncia; browse; 1240
Abstract Spondyloarthropathy was documented for the first time in 14 (3.7%) of 386 large cats, affecting eight species belonging to three genera. The limited distribution of joint erosions, associated with spine and sacroiliac joint pathology, was indistinguishable from that occurring in humans with spondyloarthropathy of the reactive type. This form of inflammatory arthritis is almost twice as common as osteoarthritis (for felids as a whole), and animal well-being may be enhanced by its recognition and by initiation of specific treatment.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 353 Serial 832
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Author Ryan, J.A.; Roudebush, P.; Shores, J.
Title Laryngeal obstruction associated with cuterebrosis in a snow leopard (Felis-uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 21 Issue (down) 3 Pages 346-352
Keywords Cuterebrosis; medecine; veterinary; medical; zoo; zoos; medicine; browse; 1480
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Notes Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 160 Serial 837
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Author Samant S.S.; Dhar U.; Rawal R.S.
Title Biodiversity status of a protected area in West Himalaya: Askot Wildlife Sanctuary Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication International Journal Of Sustainable Development And World Ecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue (down) 3 Pages 194-203
Keywords diversity; native; endemic; agroforestry; threatened; conservation; Kumaun Himalaya; India; browse; Himalaya; 540
Abstract Biodiversity of a protected area of West Himalaya (Askot Wildlife Sanctuary) was studied and analysed for landscape, faunal and floral diversity. The forest and pasture land, ideal habitats for the flora and fauna, covered nearly 52% and 12%, respectively, of total reported area. Among the fauna Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster), thar (Himitragus jemlahicus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), koklas (Pucrassia macrolophas), monal (Lophophorus impejanus) and snow cock (Tetragalus tibetanus) are threatened species. Plant diversity is represented by 1262 species of vascular plants (Angiosperm 1112, Gymnosperm 7, Pteridophytes 143 taxa). Diversity of the species within families, genera, habitats, communities and along vertical gradient zone was analysed. Maximum diversity existed in the family Orchidaceae (120 taxa), genera Polystichum (13 taxa), altitude zone (1001-2000 m; 860 taxa), habitat (forest; 623 taxa) and community (Banj oak: 92 taxa). Seventy-one families were found to be monotypic. Species were further analysed for ethnobotanical use (medicine: 70, edible: 55, fodder: 115, fuel: 31, house building: 13 etc.), domesticated diversity (crops: 19, vegetables: 26, fruits: 16),agroforestry or marginal, threatened and endemic diversity. Similarity in species composition within the habitats indicated maximum similarity in areas of shrubberies and alpine meadows/slopes (71.65%) and exposed open/grassy slopes and shady moist places (47.32%). 432 (34.2%) taxa are native to Indian Himalaya of which 24 are endemic and 235 are near endemics. 65.8% of taxa are represented in the neighbouring areas and other regions of the globe. Ten taxa occurring in the Sanctuary have been already recorded in the Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Conservation and management of species is focused.
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Notes Publisher: PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP, CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 350 Serial 841
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