|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Tytar, V.; Hammer, M. |
|
|
Title |
Expedition report: Mountain ghosts: snow leopards and other animals in the mountains of the Altai Republic, Central Asia |
Type |
Report |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
Altai |
|
|
Abstract |
This study was part of an expedition to the Altai mountains in the Kosh Agach region of the Altai Republic, run by Biosphere Expeditions from 8 July to 17 August 2007. The aim was to continue a survey of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in this area, as well as surveying the snow leopard's primary prey species, argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), together with secondary prey species.
Using the Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust (ISLT), presence/absence surveys (SLIMS form 1) of snow leopard and prey species were conducted throughout the study period across the entire survey area (approximately 200 square kilometers). In 2007 surveys were extended to areas away from the Tapduair massif site to the valley and surrounding ridges of Irbistu mountain. Interviews with local, semi-nomadic herders also formed an important part of the research procedure. The expedition also collected data for extended mammal, bird and plant inventories.
The decrease in numbers of the primary prey species observed recently makes it very likely that food availability is not in favour of the snow leopard in the study area. This is supported by the fact that in 2006 there were no records of snow leopard sign in the core area and in 2007 only a few were found.
Nevertheless, the study area retains its importance as a habitat for snow leopard and as a corridor for snow leopard dispersal. Unfortunately, privatisation of formerly common land is on the increase as is a lack of respect traditional land management practices, so the survey area urgently needs protection, but involving the local community and raising public awareness is vital if conservation initiatives are to succeed. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Biosphere Expeditions |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Expedition dates: 8 July – 17 August 2007 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1143 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Singh, N.J. |
|
|
Title |
Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands |
Type |
Manuscript |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
150 |
|
|
Keywords |
high altitude, homogeneous, argali, habitat selection, resource selection function, ENFA, stratified random sampling, sexual segregation, SSAS, livestock, predation, resources |
|
|
Abstract |
This study conducted in the high altitude rangelands of Indian Transhimalaya, deals with basic questions regarding the ecology of an endangered species, the wildsheep Tibetan argali (Ovis ammon hodgsoni) and applied issues related to its conservation and potential conflict with the local nomadic pastoralists. The basic questions on ecology are aimed at delineating the habitat and resource selection processes, identifying factors causing sexual segregation and efficient surveying and sampling. The applied aspect focuses on the changing face of pastoralism and the potential impacts of modernising livestock husbandry on argali.
Overall, the study provides a general framework towards the understanding of argali-habitat relationships at different spatio-temporal scales. The spatial determinant associated with altitude in the area, predicts argali habitat and resource selection in this relatively homogenous landscape. These determine the range of other topographic variables and forage characteristics selected by argali. The selection of feeding patches in the selected range of altitude and topography is mainly characterised by their greenness and the quality of plant groups. Adjusting to changing forage quality, argali display an opportunistic feeding strategy, selecting grasses in early spring and switching to forbs later in summer. Nevertheless, the habitat selection process did not appear to differ among the sexes to drive sexual segregation. There was, however, strong segregation among the sexes as well as between lactating and non lactating females. The reasons for segregation appeared to be predominantly social, but driven ultimately by predation and concomitantly by resources. The habitat selection information was used to design a stratified random sampling strategy that led to i) a significant reduction in survey effort in sampling these sparsely distributed species and ii) reduction in sampling bias.
The applied aspect of the study outlines and evaluates the dramatic changes in the nomadic pastoralism that have occurred in the past five decades in the study area. These have led to a loss of pastures (-25 to -33%) of the nomads, consequent readjustment in traditional patterns of pasture use, intensified grazing pressures (25 to 70%) and rangeland degradation in the area. Such changes may have serious consequences on the survival of local wildlife, as tested with a study of the effects on argali of livestock presence and resource exploitation. Hence, a successful conservation and recovery strategy should focus on: minimising the impacts of livestock on argali, identifying the factors affecting the persistence of the current populations, increasing local sub populations of this species to prevent extinction due to stochastic events, prevent loss of genetic diversity and excessive fragmentation and thus ensuring gene flow.
Ecological Niche Factor Analyses (ENFA), bias-reduced logistic regression and Fuzzy correspondence analyses (FCA) were used to answer habitat and resource selection questions. A sexual segregation and aggregation statistic (SSAS) was used to estimate the components of sexual segregation and test segregation. SSAS combined with canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) allowed the estimation of segregation based on habitat variables. Logistic regression models were formulated to estimate models on which the stratified random sampling strategy was based. The 9 Animal – Habitat relationships in high altitude rangelands overall study also included surveys, interviews and literature reviews to understand the nomads’ movement and pasture use patterns of their livestock. Kernel density estimations (KDE) were used to estimate extent of range overlaps between livestock and argali. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
University of Tromsø |
Place of Publication |
Norway |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
PhD Thesis |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1306 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Chalise, M.K. |
|
|
Title |
Wild Fauna around the Himalayan Wetlands |
Type |
Book Chapter |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Water Tower of Asia: Experiences in Wetland Conservation in Nepal |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
104-108 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
The Himalayan mountain range extends in a broad arc from Pakistan through India, Nepal, Bhutan and China. With elevations ranging from approximately 300 meters in the plains at the base of the mountains to the peaks well over 8,000 meters (Mt Everest 8,848 m). The Himalaya is the tallest and most complex of the world mountain regions (Striffler, 1985). The Himalaya can be divided into three physiographic zones. These includes the lower foothills usually describe as sub-Himalaya and represented by the Siwalik Hills which extend along most of the Himalaya with elevation seldom exceeding 1000 m. The second zone is the middle Himalaya also called Outer Himalaya or the lesser Himalaya with elevation ranges from 600 meters to over 3000 m. Interspersed within the middle zone are occasional larger to small valleys and river basins. The third zone is the great Himalaya or Inner Himalaya zone that covers higher mountain areas, the snow clad peaks and trans-Himalayan harsh climatic dry areas (HMG Nepal, 1977; Kaith, 1960). The glaciers and natural springs have drained the whole area and created a vast area as wetlands supplemented by different lake system in different elevations. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
Changwon, Ramsar Environmental Foundation |
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
South Korea |
Editor |
Bhandari B.B., Seungh, O. S. & Sung-Hoon, W. |
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Bhandari B.B., Seungh, O. S. and Sung-Hoon W (eds) Water Tower of Asia: Experiences in Wetland Conservation in Nepal. Changwon, Ramsar Environmental Foundation, South Korea. |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1320 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Anonymous |
|
|
Title |
The Project Snow Leopard |
Type |
Report |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
1-68 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
GOAL: To safeguard and conserve India’s unique natural heritage of high altitude wildlife populations and their habitats by promoting conservation through participatory policies and actions.
DRAFTED BY: Project Snow Leopard Committee instituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, (vide Notification No. F.No., 15 5/2006 WL I, Dated 31 July 2006) (Annexure 1).
LOCATION: All biologically important landscapes in the Himalayan high altitudes in the states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, New Delhi |
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India |
Place of Publication |
Dehradun, India |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Published by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, 2008 by the Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1095 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Saparbayev; S.K.; Woodward, D.B. |
|
|
Title |
Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) as an Indicator Species and Increasing Recreation Loads in the Almaty Nature Reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows i |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
511-515 |
|
|
Keywords |
snow leopard (Uncia uncia),Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica),Almaty Nature Reserve,Kazakhstan,ecotrail; 200 |
|
|
Abstract |
The purpose of this research is to analyze the data on ecology, biology and dynamics of snow leopard population in the Almaty Nature Reserve and to identify if the increasing numbers of ecotourists could contribute to the decrease of Uncia uncia population. The results of the study show that increasing recreation loads in the Reserve and adjacent territories elevate the disturbance level to the snow leopard's main prey Siberian Ibex and to the predator itself that could result in a decrease of population of this endangered species or its total extinction. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Conference in Montecatini Terme, Italy. 14-19 October 2008. Proceedings edited by Antonio Raschi and Sonia Trampetti. |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 882 |
Serial |
843 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ale, S.; Whelan, C. |
|
|
Title |
Reappraisal of the role of big, fierce predators |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Biodiversity Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
685-690 |
|
|
Keywords |
Biodiversity ú Conservation ú Costs of predation ú Indirect effects ú Non-lethal effects ú Predators ú Top-down control; big; predators; predator |
|
|
Abstract |
The suggestion in the early 20th century that top predators were a necessary component of ecosystems because they hold herbivore populations in check and promote biodiversity was at Wrst accepted and then largely rejected. With the advent of Evolutionary Ecology and a more full appreciation of direct and indirect effects of top predators, this role of top predators is again gaining acceptance. The previous views were predicated upon lethal effects of predators but largely overlooked their non-lethal effects. We suggest that
conceptual advances coupled with an increased use of experiments have convincingly demonstrated that prey experience costs that transcend the obvious cost of death. Prey species use adaptive behaviours to avoid predators, and these behaviours are not cost-free. With predation risk, prey species greatly restrict their use of available habitats and consumption of available food resources. Effects of top predators consequently cascade down to the trophic levels below them. Top predators, the biggies, are thus both the targets of and the means for conservation at the landscape scale. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 885 |
Serial |
52 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P. |
|
|
Title |
Wild sheep and livestock in Nepal Trans-Himalaya: coexistence or competition? |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Environmental Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-136 |
|
|
Keywords |
bharal; blue sheep; diet; food habits; mountain ungulates; Nepal; pastoralism; pseudois nayaur; rangeland management; resource partitioning |
|
|
Abstract |
Excessive grazing by livestock is claimed to displace wild ungulates in the Trans-Himalaya. This study compares the seasonal diets and habitat use of sympatric wild naur Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus, sheep Ovis aries and free-ranging yak Bos grunniens in north Nepal and analyses their overlap both within and across seasons. Alpinemeadow and the legumes Oxytropis and Chesneya were critical resources for all animal groups. High overlap occurred cross-seasonally when smallstock (sheep and goats) in summer used the spring and autumn ranges of naur. Relatively high total ungulate biomass (3028 kg km-2) and low recruitment of naur (56 young per 100 adult females in autumn) suggested interspecific competition. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in composition and phenology of food plants across the steep gradient of altitude, together with rotational grazing, appears to indirectly facilitate coexistence of naur and smallstock. However, owing to high crossseasonal (inter-seasonal) overlaps, competition is likely to occur between these two groups at high stocking densities. Within seasons, naur overlapped more with free-ranging yak than with smallstock. As their habitat use and diets were most similar in winter, when both fed extensively on the same species of shrubs, naur was most likely to compete with yak during that season.
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 936 |
Serial |
890 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Trivedi, P. |
|
|
Title |
Rekindling the children-nature link: nature education camps in the Himalayan high altitudes |
Type |
Magazine Article |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Wildlife – melting like ice? Wildlife Week |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
2008 |
Pages |
30-33 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
One of the major transformations to have impacted children across the world in the last few decades is an impoverished natural environment in their immediate vicinity leading to reduction or complete disappearance of direct contact and experience of nature irrespective of whether the child lives in urban or rural areas. This combined with the breakdown or degradation of the socio-cultural institutional mechanisms for the transfer of local knowledge about wildlife and our links with our bio-physical world has severely influenced the awareness of nature among today’s children. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
Place of Publication |
India |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Wildlife Wing, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1315 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Bhatnagar, Y.V. |
|
|
Title |
Relocation from wildlife reserves in the Greater and Trans-Himalayas: Is it necessary? |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Conservation and Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
263-270 |
|
|
Keywords |
wildlife reserves,relocation,Greater Himalayas,Trans-Himalayas; wildlife; reserves; relocation; Himalayas; Himalaya; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya |
|
|
Abstract |
The Greater and Trans-Himalayan tracts are cold deserts that have severe seasonal and resource scarce environments. Covering the bulk of Indian Himalayas, they are a rich repository of biodiversity values and ecosystem services. The region has a large protected area (PA) network which has not been completely effective in conserving these unique values. The human population densities are much lower (usually < 1 per sq km) than in most other parts of the country (over 300 to a sq km). However, even such small populations can come into conflict with strict PA laws that demand large inviolate areas, which can mainly be achieved through relocation of the scattered settlements. In this paper, I reason that in this landscape relocation is not a tenable strategy for conservation due to a variety of reasons. The primary ones are that wildlife, including highly endangered ones are pervasive in the larger landscape (unlike the habitat 'islands' of the forested ecosystems) and existing large PAs usually encompass only a small proportion of this range. Similarly, traditional use by people for marginal cultivation, biomass extraction and pastoralism is also as pervasive in this landscape. There does exist pockets of conflict and these are probably increasing owing to a variety of changes relating to modernisation. However, scarce resources, the lack of alternatives and the traditional practice of clear-cut division of all usable areas and pastures between communities make resettlement of people outside PAs extremely difficult. It is reasoned that given the widespread nature of the wildlife and pockets of relatively high density, it is important to prioritise these smaller areas for conservation in a scenario where they form a mosaic of small 'cores' that are more effectively maintained with local support and that enable wildlife to persist. These ideas have recently gained widespread acceptance in both government and conservation circles and may soon become part of national strategy for these areas. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 914 |
Serial |
138 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
|
|
Title |
The status of the snow leopard in the EEP – program in 2007 |
Type |
Book Chapter |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
20-24 |
|
|
Keywords |
status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; program; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1007 |
Serial |
174 |
|
Permanent link to this record |