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Author | Zhou, S. | ||||
Title | On “uncia uncia” and “meng ji” in Shan Hai Jin | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | 13 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 84-87 |
Keywords | Animal; area; areas; China; Chinese; description; environment; fur; habitat; habitats; historical; meng ji; mountain; mountains; native; river; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia | ||||
Abstract | Meng ji is described in Shan Hui Jin (Classic of Mountains and Rivers) as a leopard-like animal adept in hiding with white fur and a patterned forehead. This article makes a comparison between “meng ji” and “uncia uncia” in terms of their shapes, fur colors, natural environments of habitats, habits, characteristics and native areas, and comes to the conclusion that “meng ji” is what we call “uncia uncia” nowadays. The description of “meng ji” in Shan Hui Jin should be the first record of Uncia uncia in the world. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in ChineseJournal Title: China Historical Materials of Science and Technology | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 869 | Serial | 1089 | ||
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Author | Johansson, O., Rauset, G. R., Samelius, G., McCarthy, T., Andren, H., Tumursukh, L., Mishra, C. | ||||
Title | Land sharing is essential for snow leopard conservation | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | 203 | Pages | 1-7 | |
Keywords | Home range, LoCoH, Mongolia, Panthera uncial, Protected areas, Land sparing | ||||
Abstract | Conserving large carnivores in an increasingly crowded planet raises difficult challenges. A recurring debate is whether large carnivores can be conserved in human used landscapes (land sharing) or whether they require specially designated areas (land sparing). Here we show that 40% of the 170 protected areas in the global range of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) are smaller than the home range of a single adult male and only 4– 13% are large enough for a 90% probability of containing 15 or more adult females. We used data from 16 snow leopards equipped with GPS collars in the Tost Mountains of South Gobi, Mongolia, to calculate home range size and overlap using three different estimators: minimum convex polygons (MCP), kernel utility distributions (Kernel), and local convex hulls (LoCoH). Local convex hull home ranges were smaller and included lower proportions of unused habitats compared to home ranges based on minimum convex polygons and Kernels. Intra-sexual home range overlapwas low, especially for adult males, suggesting that snowleopards are territorial. Mean home range size based on the LoCoH estimates was 207 km2 ± 63 SD for adult males and 124 km2 ± 41 SD for adult females. Our estimates were 6–44 times larger than earlier estimates based on VHF technology when comparing similar estimators, i.e. MCP. Our study illustrates that protected areas alone will not be able to conserve predatorswith large home ranges and conservationists and managers should not restrict their efforts to land sparing. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1446 | ||
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Author | Gaston, A.J.; Garson, P.J.; Hunter, M.L. | ||||
Title | The status and conservation of forest wildlife in Himachal Pradesh, Western Himalayas | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1983 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 291-314 |
Keywords | Himachal; park; conservation; Himalayas; reserves; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 890 | ||||
Abstract | The wildlife of temperate forest ecosystems in the Western Himalayas is threatened by destruction of habitat and hunting. Two species of pheasants occuring in the survey area (western tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus and cheer pheasant Catreus wallichi) are listed in the IUCN Red Data Book (1979). Small populations of both species were located and information on their habitat requirements was obtained. The status of most large mammal species appears to be precarious, with the populations encountered being small and fragmented. Species formerly common but now rare include Himalayan brown bear Ursus arctos, Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and musk deer Moschus moschiferus. The snow leopard Panthera uncia has disappeared completely from the area.-from Authors | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 58 | Serial | 333 | ||
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Author | Green, M.J.B. | ||||
Title | Protected areas and snow leopards: their distribution and status | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1987 | Publication | Tiger Paper | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 14 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-10 |
Keywords | Central Asia; conserve; conserving; distribution; endangered species; network; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; protected; protected-area; protected areas; snow leopard; status; protected area; protected-areas; areas; area; snow; snow leopards; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; symposium; India | ||||
Abstract | Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. | ||||
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Notes | Presented at 5th International Snow Leopard Symposium held in Srinagar, India, from 13-15 October 1986. Also published in conference proceedings. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 965 | Serial | 347 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K.; Rogers, E.M. | ||||
Title | Seasonal pattern in group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of Wildlife Management | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 60 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 797-801 |
Keywords | prey; snow leopard; panthera uncia; Nepal; annapurna conservation area; predator; blue; sheep; browse; Panthera-uncia; panthera; uncia; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; annapurna; conservation; area; 650 | ||||
Abstract | Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) are the principal prey of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Himalayas and adjacent ranges. We studied group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Overall mean group size was 15.6 (SE = 1.3), but it varied seasonally (P lt 0.001), with significantly smaller groups in winter than in other seasons. Mixed groups were most numerous in all seasons, and there was no evidence of sexual segregation. Yearling sex ratio (93.7 M:100 F) did not vary seasonally, nor did the ratio deviate from parity. Adult sex ratio showed a seasonal pattern favoring males post-parturition but female-biased during the rut and pre-parturition. Seasonal variation in sex-specific mortality is offered as a plausible explanation for the observed pattern in adult sex ratio. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: 639.105 JO | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 288 | Serial | 750 | ||
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Author | Rasool, G. | ||||
Title | Population status of Wildlife in Khunjerab National Park | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Tigerpaper | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Xvii | Issue | 4 | Pages | 25-28 |
Keywords | status; Khunjerab; National-park; park; parks; refuge; reserves; reserve; Pakistan; protected-area; browse; national park; national; 2190 | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 161 | Serial | 807 | ||
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Author | Xu, F.; Ming, M.; Yin, S.-jing; Mardan | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Survey in Tumor Nature Reserve, Xingjiang | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Sichuan Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 608-610 |
Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; survey; nature; reserve; national; Xinjiang; China; sign; big; cat; spray; distribution; population; habitat; Habitat selection; selection; river; area; Tomur; transects; transect; scrapes; scrape; feces; areas; valley | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard survey was conducted in Oct-Nov 2004 at Tumor National Natural Reserve, Xinjiang, China. Because of its special living style, the snow leopard is difficult to observe by sight. Signs left by snow leopard become a good index to prove the existance of the big cat. There are mainly five kinds of signs, footprints, fectes, claw rakes and urine spray. From them we can know the distribution, probably population and habitat selection of snow leopard. This time in Tumor we investigated 5 difference places: Pochenzi in Mozat River area, Boxidun in Little Kuzbay River area, Yinyer in Tomur River area, Kurgan and Taglak in Quiong Tailan River area. 42 transects were run in this trip and a total of 57 signs found. Among them, footprints amounted to 71.9%, scrapes 21.1%, and feces 7.0%. The results showed that the big cat existed in Yinyer, Kurgan and Taglak areas and liked to select their habitat in the valley and didn't like to live in barren areas. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 873 | Serial | 1034 | ||
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Author | Woodroffe, R.; Ginsberg, J.R. | ||||
Title | Edge effects and the extinction of populations inside protected areas | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Science Washington D.C. | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 280 | Issue | 5372 | Pages | 2126-2128 |
Keywords | edge-effects; extinction; human-animal-conflict; mortality; population-size; protected-areas; browse; edge effects; Human; Animal; conflict; population; protected; area; 590 | ||||
Abstract | Theory predicts that small populations may be driven to extinction by random fluctuations in demography and loss of genetic diversity through drift. However, population size is a poor predictor of extinction in large carnivores inhabiting protected areas. Conflict with people on reserve borders is the major cause of mortality in such populations, so that border areas represent population sinks. The species most likely to disappear from small reserves are those that range widely-and are therefore most exposed to threats on reserve borders-irrespective of population size. Conservation efforts that combat only stochastic processes are therefore unlikely to avert extinction. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 351 | Serial | 1028 | ||
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Author | Karnaukhov, A. S., Malykh, S. V., Korablev, M. P., Kalashnikova, Y. M., Poyarkov, A. D., Rozhnov, V. V. | ||||
Title | Current Status of the Eastern Sayan Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) Grouping and Its Nutritive Base | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Biology Bulletin | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 45 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1106-1115 |
Keywords | Panthera uncia, Bol� shoi Sayan, Munku-Sardyk, Tunkinskie Gol� tsy, distribution area, molecular genetic analysis, modeling of potential habitats | ||||
Abstract | A field survey of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitats was carried out in the southeastern part of the Eastern Sayan Mountains (Okinskii and Tunkinskii districts of the Republic of Buryatia and the Kaa- Khemskii district of Tuva Republic). Seven or eight adult snow leopards were observed as constant inhabitants of the Tunkinskie Gol'tsy, Munku-Sardyk, and Bol'shoi Sayan mountain ridges. The presence of eight snow leopards was confirmed using DNA-based analyses of scats collected in 2014 – 2016. The main prey species of the snow leopard in Eastern Sayan is the Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), but its abundance has steadily decreased over the past 20 years. The red deer (Cervus elaphus) and the wild boar (Sus scrofa), which were some of the most numerous ungulates in the survey area, are replacing the Siberian ibex in the snow leopard's diet. In addition, the mountain hare (Lepus timidus) is also of importance to the snow leopard's diet. |
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1482 | ||
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Author | Jamtsho, Y., Katel, O. | ||||
Title | Livestock depredation by snow leopard and Tibetan wolf: Implications for herders� livelihoods in Wangchuck Centennial National Park, Bhutan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Springer Open | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | 9:1 | Pages | 1-10 | |
Keywords | Wildlife-livestock conflicts, Endangered predators, Protected area, Income loss | ||||
Abstract | Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a serious problem in many parts of the world, and Bhutan�s Wangchuck Centennial National Park (WCNP) is no exception. Located in the remote alpine areas of the eastern Himalaya, wildlife species such as snow leopard (SL) and Tibetan wolf (TW) are reported to kill livestock in many parts of the Park. Such depredation is believed to have affected the livelihoods of high-altitude herding communities, resulting in conflicts between them. This study provides analysis on the extent of livestock depredation by wildlife predators such as SL and TW and examines its implications for the livelihoods of herding communities of Choekhortoe and Dhur regions of WCNP. Using semi-structured questionnaires, all herders (n = 38) in the study area were interviewed. The questions pertained to livestock population, frequency of depredation and income lost due to depredation in the last five years from 2012 to 2016. This study recorded 2,815 livestock heads in the study area, with an average herd size of 74.1 stock. The average herd size holding showed a decreasing trend over the years, and one of the reasons cited by the herders is depredation by SL and TW and other predators. This loss equated to an average annual financial loss equivalent to 10.2% (US$837) of their total per capita cash income. Such losses have resulted in negative impacts on herders� livelihood; e.g. six herders (2012-2016) even stopped rearing livestock and resorted to an alternate source of cash income. The livestock intensification programmes, including pasture improvement through allowing controlled burning, and financial compensation, may be some potential short-term solutions to reduce conflict between herders and predators. Issuing permits for cordyceps (Ophiocordyceps sinensis) collection only to the herders and instilling the sense of stewardship to highland herders may be one of the long-term solutions. |
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1479 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Threatened wildlife, crop, and livestock depredation and grazing in the Makalu-Barun Conservation Area | Type | Report | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | April | Pages | 1-105 | |
Keywords | Nepal, Makalu-Barun Conservation Area, grazing, depredation | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1170 | ||
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Author | Pathak, A., Lamichhane, S., Dhakal, M., Karki, A., Dhakal, B. D., Chetri, M., Mintz, J., Pun, P., Neupane, P., Dahal, T. P., Rayamajhi, T., Paudel, P., Thapa, A., Regmi, P. R., Thami, S., Thapa, G., Khanal, S., Lama, S., Karki, J., Khanal, S., Ferdin, A. E. J. | ||||
Title | Human-wildlife conflict at high altitude: A case from Gaurishankar conservation area, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2024 | Publication | Ecology and Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 14 | Issue | e11685 | Pages | 1-9 |
Keywords | coexistence, compensation policy, Gaurishankar conservation area, high altitude, Himalayan black bear, human-wildlife conflict, leopard | ||||
Abstract | Human–wildlife conflict studies of high-altitude areas are rare due to budget constraints and the challenging nature of research in these remote environments. This study investigates the prevalence and increasing trend of human–wildlife conflict (HWC) in the mountainous Gaurishankar Conservation Area (GCA) of Nepal, with a specific focus on leopard (Panthera pardus) and Himalayan black bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger). The study analyzes a decade of HWC reports and identifies goats as the livestock most targeted by leopards. The Dolakha district of GCA received the highest number of reports, highlighting the need for mitigation measures in the area. In GCA, livestock attacks accounted for 85% of compensation, with the remaining 15% for human injuries. We estimate that the number of reported wildlife attacks grew on average by 33% per year, with an additional increase of 57 reports per year following the implementation of a new compensation policy during BS 2076 (2019 AD). While bear attacks showed no significant change post-rule alteration, leopard attack reports surged from 1 to 60 annually, indicating improved compensation may have resulted in increased leopard-attack reporting rates. The findings emphasize the economic impact of HWC on local communities and suggest strategies such as increasing prey populations, promoting community education and awareness, enhancing alternative livelihood options, developing community-based insurance programs, and implementing secure enclosures (corrals) to minimize conflicts and foster harmonious coexistence. This research addresses a knowledge gap in HWC in high- altitude conservation areas like the GCA, providing valuable insights for conservation stakeholders and contributing to biodiversity conservation and the well-being of humans and wildlife. | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1752 | ||
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