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Records |
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Author |
Vogt, P. |
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Title |
New enclosures for snow leopards (Uncia uncia) at Krefeld Zoo |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
67-70 |
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Keywords |
captive; enclosures; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; zoo |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1041 |
Serial |
988 |
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Author |
Wahlberg, C. |
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Title |
Autopsy findings and causes of death in captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia): a preliminary report |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
205-217 |
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Keywords |
Autopsy; Death; captive; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Report; International; pedigree |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1095 |
Serial |
998 |
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Author |
Wahlberg, C.; Tarkkanen, A. |
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Title |
On the multiple ocular coloboma with retinal dysplasia (MOC) in snow leopards, Pantera uncia |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
183-194 |
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Keywords |
multiple; Coloboma; retinal; Retinal-Dysplasia; dysplasia; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; International; pedigree |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1096 |
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999 |
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Author |
Wahlberg, C.; Tarkkanen, A.; Blomqvist, L. |
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Title |
Further observations on the multiple ocular coloboma (MOC) in the snow leopard, Panthers uncia |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
139-144 |
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Keywords |
observations; multiple; Coloboma; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Syndrome; eye; colobomatous; retinal; Retinal-Dysplasia; dysplasia; Case; zoo; factor |
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Abstract |
The first observation of the occurrence of multiple ocular coloboma (MOC) in a snow leopard was reported in the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Volume I in 1978 (1). The lesions in this syndrome consist of coloboma of the upper eye lid and uveal coloboma of the globe. Even colobomatous retinal cysts and retinal dysplasia have been noted. The ethiology of in all ten cases of MOC in the snow leopards kept at the Helsinki Zoo were described and discussed in detail in Volume II of the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (2,3). Three cases of MOC in the snow leopards kept at Henry Doorly Zoo, Omaha, Ne., have been described by Phillips (4), one case is known of in Amsterdam (van Bree, personal communication), and two cases in Zoo Zurich (Isenbugel and Weilenmann, pers. comm.) The ethiology of the defect is still not known although various theories ranging from genetic to exogenous factors have been presented. |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 982 |
Serial |
1000 |
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Author |
Waits, L.P.; Buckley-Beason, V.A.; Johnson, W.E.; Onorato, D.; McCarthy, T. |
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Title |
A select panel of polymorphic microsatellite loci for individual identification of snow leopards (Panthera uncia)
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Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology Notes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
311-314 |
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Keywords |
identification; leopard; leopards; microsatellites,noninvasive genetic sampling,Panthera uncia,snow leopard; panthera; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; uncia; endangered; carnivores; carnivore; mountain; region; central; Central Asia; asia; methods; conservation; management; Molecular; individual identification; Hair; domestic; cat; felis; captive; number; probability; using; wild |
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Abstract |
Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) are elusive endangered carnivores found in remote mountain regions of Central Asia. New methods for identifying and counting snow leopards are needed for conservation and management efforts. To develop molecular genetic tools for individual identification of hair and faecal samples, we screened 50 microsatellite loci developed for the domestic cat (Felis catus) in 19 captive snow leopards. Forty-eight loci were polymorphic with numbers of alleles per locus ranging from two to 11. The probability of observing matching genotypes for unrelated individuals (2.1 x10-11) and siblings (7.5x10-5) using the 10 most polymorphic loci was low, suggesting that this panel would easily discriminate among individuals in the wild. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 865 |
Serial |
1001 |
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Author |
Wajrak, A. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Skins in Poland (Polowanie Na Sniezna Pantere) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Gazeta Wyborcza. |
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Keywords |
Russia; Ussr; skins; furs; pelts; poaching; trade; browse; Soviet-Union; soviet union; soviet; union; 3160; information; 920; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; skin |
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Abstract |
Full Text: In 1991, Dr Andrzej Kruszewicz of the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences saw a “quite fresh” snow leopard skin on sale by a Russian in a Warsaw market for three million Polish zlotys ($300). A few weeks later he saw another skin in a shop in the centre of Warsaw. In spring 1992, Marcin Waslawski from the Institute of Geography saw a snow leopard skin in the same market for the equivalent of $200. The seller was an Asian from a former Soviet Republic. In summer 1992, Wajrak himself saw a snow leopard skin in a hunters' shop in Warsaw and in winter saw one in the home of a Polish hunter, who said it was a gift from a Mongolian friend. In winter 1994, a student from Britain saw a Polish long coat of snow leopard skins in Bialowieza. Wajrak saw a skin in a Warsaw shop, which the owner said was 15-20 years old; he got it from a Polish diplomat who had been in Mongolia and had three snow leopard skins. The skin was priced at the equivalent of $1,000. Wajrak added that he had been told that it was possible to buy tiger skins from Russians in Poland and he was trying to find one; I have not heard from him since. |
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Notes |
Information from Adam Wajrak of Gazeta Wyboracza (T: 48 2 416 920)
24/4/94. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 268 |
Serial |
1002 |
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Author |
Wang, X.; Schaller, G.B. |
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Title |
Status of large mammals in Western Inner Mongolia, China |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology) |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
93-104 |
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Keywords |
China; Mongolia; Inner-Mongolia; snow leopards; browse; inner; 2930 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 292 |
Serial |
1003 |
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Author |
Wangchuk, R.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
A Community-based Approach to Mitigating Livestock-Wildlife Conflict in Ladakh, India |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2009 |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
community-based; approach; conflict; Ladakh; India; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; wolf; wolves; Himalayan; region; Jackson; kibber; Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary; wildlife; sanctuary; sanctuaries; loss; us; villagers; predation; establishment; surveys; survey; number; change; Animal; animal-husbandry; husbandry; system; 2000 |
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Abstract |
Livestock depredation by snow leopard and wolf is widespread across the Himalayan region (Jackson et al. 1996, Jackson and Wangchuk 2001; Mishra 1997, Oli et al 1994). For example, in India's Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary, Mishra (1997) reported losses amounting to 18% of the livestock holdings and valued at about US $138 per household. The villagers claimed predation rates increased after establishment of the sanctuary, but
surveys indicated a dramatic increase in livestock numbers accompanying changes in animal husbandry systems (Mishra 2000). |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1014 |
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1005 |
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Author |
Weilemann P. |
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Title |
Experiences in births of snow leopards in Zurich Zoo |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
111-116 |
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Keywords |
birth; captive; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1043 |
Serial |
1012 |
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Author |
Weilenmann, P. |
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Title |
First experiences in keeping snow leopards in the Zurich Zoo |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
35-43 |
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Keywords |
International; pedigree; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1042 |
Serial |
1013 |
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Author |
Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. |
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Title |
Snow leopards, livestock management |
Type |
Unsupported: Pamphlet |
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Year |
1986 |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; livestock; management; Chinese; global |
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Publisher |
Xinjiang Conservation Fund & International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
China |
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Notes |
In Chinese. Supported by the Global Greengrant Fund, www.greengrants.org. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1082 |
Serial |
1015 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Wikramanayake, E.; Moktan, V.; Aziz, T.; Khaling, S.; Khan, A.; Tshering, D. |
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Title |
The WWF Snow Leopard Action Strategy for the Himalayan Region |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2006 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
1-21 |
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Keywords |
behaviour; biodiversity; conservation; ecology; Himalayan; protected area; snow leopard; strategy; Wwf |
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Abstract |
As a 'flagship' and 'umbrella' species the snow leopard can be a unifying biological feature to
raise awareness of its plight and the need for conservation, which will benefit other facets of Himalayan
biodiversity as well. Some studies of snow leopards have been conducted in the Himalayan region. But,
because of its elusive nature and preference for remote and inaccessible habitat, knowledge of the
ecology and behaviour of this mystical montane predator is scant. The available information, however,
suggests that snow leopards occur at low densities and large areas of habitat are required to conserve
a viable population. Thus, many researchers and conservationists have advocated landscape-scale
approaches to conservation within a regional context, rather than focusing on individual protected areas.
While the issues are regional, the WWF's in the region have developed 5-year strategic actions and
activities, using the regional strategies as a touchstone, which will be implemented at national levels.
The WWF's will develop proposals based on these strategic actions, with estimated budgets, for use by
the network for funding and fund-raising. WWF also recognizes the need to collaborate and coordinate
within the network and with other organizations in the region to achieve conservation goals in an
efficient manner, and will form a working group to coordinate activities and monitor progress. |
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Notes |
Report 1-23. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 921 |
Serial |
1022 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Worley, M.B. |
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Title |
Hypogammaglobulinemia in snow leopards |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
129-130 |
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Keywords |
captive; hypogammaglobulinemia; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; veterinary |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1045 |
Serial |
1029 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Worley, M.B. |
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Title |
Chronic liver disease in snow leopards: A possible viral etiology |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
131-133 |
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Keywords |
captive; Chronic; Disease; etiology; International; Liver; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; veterinary; Viral; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1046 |
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1030 |
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Author |
Xu, A.; Jiang, Z.; Li, C.; Guo, J.; Da, S.; Cui, Q.; Yu, S.; Wu, G. |
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Title |
Status and conservation of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in the Gouli Region, Kunlun Mountains, China |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
460-463 |
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Keywords |
Camera trapping,China,human-wildlife conflict,Kunlun Mountains,Panthera uncia,snow leopard,trace. |
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Abstract |
The elusive snow leopard Panthera unica is a rare and little studied species in China. Over 1 March-15 May 2006 we conducted a survey for the snow leopard in the Gouli Region, East Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China, in an area of c. 300 km2 at altitudes of 4,000-4,700 m. We surveyed 29 linear transects with a total length of c. 440 km, and located a total of 72 traces (pug marks, scrapes and urine marks) of snow leopard along four of the transects. We obtained eight photographs of snow leopard from four of six camera traps. We also recorded 1,369 blue sheep, 156 Tibetan gazelles, 47 argali, 37 red deer and one male white-lipped deer. We evaluated human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing the heads of 27 of the 30 Tibetan households living in the study area. These local people did not consider that snow leopard is the main predator of their livestock, and thus there is little retaliatory killing. Prospects for the conservation of snow leopard in this area therefore appear to be good. We analysed the potential threats to the species and propose the establishment of a protected area for managing snow leopard and the fragile alpine ecosystem of this region. (c) 2008 Fauna & Flora International. |
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SLN @ rana @ 900 |
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1032 |
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Author |
Yang, Q. |
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Title |
Further study on the geographical distribution and conservation of snow leopard in Qinghai, P.R. China |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
1-7 |
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Keywords |
China; conservation; distribution; Qinghai; snow leopard; survey |
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Notes |
Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia sinica, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China 810001 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 920 |
Serial |
1049 |
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Author |
Zhang, F.; Jiang, Z.; Zeng, Y.; McCarthy, T. |
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Title |
Development of primers to characterize the mitochondrial control region of the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology Notes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
1196-1198 |
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Keywords |
control region,Felidae,mitochondrial DNA,snow leopard,species-specific primers; genetics; development; mitochondrial; control; region; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia |
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Abstract |
The snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is a rare carnivore living above the snow line in central Asia. Using universal primers for the mitochondrial genome control region hypervariable
region 1 (HVR1), we isolated a 411-bp fragment of HVR1 and then designed specific primers
near each end of this sequence in the conserved regions. These primers were shown to yield
good polymerase chain reaction products and to be species specific. Of the 12 snow leopards
studied, there were 11 segregating sites and six haplotypes. An identification case of snow
leopard carcass (confiscated by the police) proved the primers to be a useful tool for forensic
diagnosis in field and population genetics studies. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 911 |
Serial |
1073 |
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Author |
Rode, J., Pelletier, A., Fumey, J., Rode, S., Cabanat, A. L., Ouvrard, A., Chaix, B., White, B., Harnden, M., Xuan, N. T., Vereshagin, A., Casane, D. |
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Title |
Diachronic monitoring of snow leopards at Sarychat-Ertash State Reserve (Kyrgyzstan) through scat genotyping: a pilot study |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
bioRxiv |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Pages |
1-21 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, noninvasive genotyping, population dynamics, microsatellite, relatedness, diachronic monitoring, citizen science, Central Asia |
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Abstract |
Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) are a keystone species of Central Asia’s high mountain ecosystem. The species is listed as vulnerable and is elusive, preventing accurate population assessments that could inform conservation actions. Non-invasive genetic monitoring conducted by citizen scientists offers avenues to provide key data on this species that would otherwise be inaccessible. From 2011 to 2015, OSI-Panthera citizen science expeditions tracked signs of presence of snow leopards along transects in the main valleys and crests of the Sarychat-Ertash State Reserve (Kyrgyzstan). Scat samples were genotyped at seven autosomal microsatellite loci and at a X/Y locus for sex identification, which allowed estimating a minimum of 11 individuals present in the reserve from 2011 to 2015. The genetic recapture of 7 of these individuals enabled diachronic monitoring, providing indications of individuals’ movements throughout the reserve. We found putative family relationships between several individuals. Our results demonstrate the potential of this citizen science program to get a precise description of a snow leopard population through time. |
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no |
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1602 |
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Author |
Vannelli, K., Hampton, M. P., Namgail, T., Black, S. A. |
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Title |
Community participation in ecotourism and its effect on local
perceptions of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) conservation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Human Dimensions of Wildlife |
Abbreviated Journal |
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1-14 |
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Instrumental value; snow leopard; perceptions; ecotourism; human–wildlife conflict |
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Abstract |
Local support and involvement is often essential for effective
wildlife conservation. This study assessed the impact of local
involvement in ecotourism schemes on perceptions of wildlife, promotion
of conservation action, types of values that communities placed on
wildlife, and contexts in which wildlife are considered to be most
valuable. The study used qualitative semi-structured interviews
conducted in seven villages in Ladakh, India, which is an important
region of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitat. Results indicated that
in these communities, ecotourism-based interventions encourage more
positive perceptions of wildlife species, in particular the snow
leopard. Achieving change in community perceptions of wildlife is key
when implementing ecotourism schemes to enable more effective
conservation, as well as generating local awareness and value for
wildlife toward problematic keystone species such as the snow leopard,
which are frequently the focus of human-wildlife conflict. |
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no |
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1607 |
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Author |
Maheshwari, A., Sathyakumar, S. |
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Title |
Patterns of Livestock Depredation and Large Carnivore
Conservation Implications in the Indian Trans-Himalaya |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Arid Environments |
Abbreviated Journal |
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1-5 |
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Large carnivores Livestock depredation Participatory approach Snow leopard Kargil Himalaya |
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Livestock is one of the major sources of livelihood for the
agro-pastoral communities in central and south Asia. Livestock
depredation by large carnivores is a wide-ranging issue that leads to
economic losses and a deviance from co-existence. We investigated the
grass root factors causing livestock depredation in Kargil, Ladakh and
tested the findings of diet analysis in validating reported livestock
depredation. Globally vulnerable snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and more
common wolf (Canis lupus) were the two main wild predators. A total of
1113 heads of livestock were reportedly killed by wolf (43.6%) followed
by unknown predators (31.4%) and snow leopard (21.5%) in the study site
from 2009 to 2012, which comes to 2.8% annual livestock losses. Scat
analysis also revealed a significant amount of livestock in the diet of
snow leopard (47%) and wolf (51%). Poor livestock husbandry practices
and traditional livestock corrals were found to be the major drivers
contributing in the livestock depredation. Based on the research
findings, we worked with the local communities to sensitize them about
wildlife conservation and extended limited support for predator proof
livestock corrals at a small scale. Eventually it helped in reducing
conflict level and conserving the globally threatened carnivores. We
conclude that a participatory approach has been successful to generate
an example in reducing large carnivore-human conflict in the west
Himalaya. |
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1609 |
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Khanal, G., Mishra, C., Suryawanshi, K. R. |
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Title |
Relative influence of wild prey and livestock abundance on
carnivore-caused livestock predation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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1-11 |
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conservation conflict, human carnivore conflict, large mammalian carnivore, livestock depredation, Nepal, Shey Phoksundo National Park, snow leopard |
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Abstract |
Conservation conflict over livestock depredation is one of the
key drivers of large mammalian carnivore declines worldwide. Mitigating
this conflict requires strategies informed by reliable knowledge of
factors influencing livestock depredation. Wild prey and livestock
abundance are critical factors influencing the extent of livestock
depredation. We compared whether the extent of livestock predation by
snow leopards Panthera uncia differed in relation to densities of wild
prey, livestock, and snow leopards at two sites in Shey Phoksundo
National Park, Nepal. We used camera trap-based spatially explicit
capture–recapture models to estimate snow leopard density;
double-observer surveys to estimate the density of their main prey
species, the blue sheep Pseudois nayaur; and interview-based household
surveys to estimate livestock population and number of livestock killed
by snow leopards. The proportion of livestock lost per household was
seven times higher in Upper Dolpa, the site which had higher snow
leopard density (2.51 snow leopards per 100 km2) and higher livestock
density (17.21 livestock per km2) compared to Lower Dolpa (1.21 snow
leopards per 100 km2; 4.5 livestock per km2). The wild prey density was
similar across the two sites (1.81 and 1.57 animals per km2 in Upper and
Lower Dolpa, respectively). Our results suggest that livestock
depredation level may largely be determined by the abundances of the
snow leopards and livestock and predation levels on livestock can vary
even at similar levels of wild prey density. In large parts of the snow
leopard range, livestock production is indispensable to local
livelihoods and livestock population is expected to increase to meet the
demand of cashmere. Hence, we recommend that any efforts to increase
livestock populations or conservation initiatives aimed at recovering or
increasing snow leopard population be accompanied by better herding
practices (e.g., predator-proof corrals) to protect livestock from snow
leopard. |
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1611 |
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Alexander, J. S., Agvaantseren, B., Gongor, E., Mijiddorj, T. N., Piaopiao, T., Stephen Redpath, S., Young, J., Mishra, C. |
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Assessing the Effectiveness of a Community-based Livestock Insurance Program |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Large carnivores, Snow leopard conservation, Human-wildlife conflicts, Livestock insurance, Community conservation, Human-wildlife co-existence, Snow leopard |
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1635 |
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Korablev, M. P., Poyarkov, A. D., Karnaukhov, A. S., Zvychaynaya, E. Y., Kuksin, A. N., Malykh, S. V., Istomov, S. V., Spitsyn, S. V., Aleksandrov, D. Y., Hernandez-Blanco, J. A., Munkhtsog, B., Munkhtogtokh, O., Putintsev, N. I., Vereshchagin, A. S., Becmurody, A., Afzunov, S., Rozhnov, V. V. |
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Large-scale and fine-grain population structure and genetic diversity of snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber, 1776) from the northern and western parts of the range with an emphasis on the Russian population. |
Type |
Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
Conservation Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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Snow leopard, Panthera uncia, Microsatellites, Heterozygosity, Population structure, Noninvasive survey, Scat, Subspecies |
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Abstract |
The snow leopard (Panthera uncia Schreber, 1776) population in Russia and Mongolia is situated at the northern edge of the range, where instability of ecological conditions and of prey availability may serve as prerequisites for demographic instability and, consequently, for reducing the genetic diversity. Moreover, this northern area of the species distribution is connected with the western and central parts by only a few small fragments of potential habitats in the Tian-Shan spurs in China and Kazakhstan. Given this structure of the range, the restriction of gene flow between the northern and other regions of snow leopard distribution can be expected. Under these conditions, data on population genetics would be extremely important for assessment of genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow both at regional and large-scale level. To investigate large-scale and fine-grain population structure and levels of genetic diversity we analyzed 108 snow leopards identified from noninvasively collected scat samples from Russia and Mongolia (the northern part of the range) as well as from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (the western part of the range) using panel of eight polymorphic microsatellites. We found low to moderate levels of genetic diversity in the studied populations. Among local habitats, the highest heterozygosity and allelic richness were recorded in Kyrgyzstan (He = 0.66 ± 0.03, Ho = 0.70 ± 0.04, Ar = 3.17) whereas the lowest diversity was found in a periphery subpopulation in Buryatia Republic of Russia (He = 0.41 ± 0.12, Ho = 0.29 ± 0.05, Ar = 2.33). In general, snow leopards from the western range exhibit greater genetic diversity (He = 0.68 ± 0.04, Ho = 0.66 ± 0.03, Ar = 4.95) compared to those from the northern range (He = 0.60 ± 0.06, Ho = 0.49 ± 0.02, Ar = 4.45). In addition, we have identified signs of fragmentation in the northern habitat, which have led to significant genetic divergence between subpopulations in Russia. Multiple analyses of genetic structure support considerable genetic differentiation between the northern and western range parts, which may testify to subspecies subdivision of snow leopards from these regions. The observed patterns of genetic structure are evidence for delineation of several management units within the studied populations, requiring individual approaches for conservation initiatives, particularly related to translocation events. The causes for the revealed patterns of genetic structure and levels of genetic diversity are discussed. |
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1633 |
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Author |
Augugliaro, C., Christe, P., Janchivlamdan, C., Baymanday, H.,
Zimmermann, F. |
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Title |
Patterns of human interaction with snow leopard and co-predators
in the Mongolian western Altai: Current issues and perspectives |
Type |
Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Global Ecology and Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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24 |
Issue ![sorted by Issue field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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1-21 |
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Depredation Human-carnivores interaction Mongolian altai
Snow leopard
Wolf
Wolverine |
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Abstract |
Large carnivores can cause considerable economic damage,
mainly due to livestock depredation. These conficts instigate negative
attitude towards their conservation, which could in the extreme case
lead to retaliatory killing. Here we focus on the snow leopard (Panthera
uncia), a species of conservation concern with particularly large
spatial requirements. We conducted the study in the Bayan Olgii
province, one of the poorest provinces of Mongolia, where the majority
of the human population are traditional herders. We conducted a survey
among herders (N 261) through a semi-structured questionnaire with the
aim to assess: the current and future herding practices and prevention
measures, herders’ perceptions and knowledge of the environmental
protection and hunting laws; the perceived livestock losses to snow
leopard, wolf (Canis lupus), and wolverine (Gulo gulo), as well as to
non-predatory factors; the key factors affecting livestock losses to
these three large carnivores; and, finally, the attitudes towards these
three large carnivores. Non-predatory causes of mortality were slightly
higher than depredation cases, representing 4.5% and 4.3% of livestock
holdings respectively. While no depredation of livestock was reported
from wolverines, snow leopard and wolf depredation made up 0.2% and 4.1%
of total livestock holdings, respectively. Herders’ attitudes towards
the three large carnivores were negatively affected by the magnitude of
the damages since they had a positive overall attitude towards both snow
leopard and wolverine, whereas the attitude towards wolf was negative.
We discuss conservation and management options to mitigate herder-snow
leopard impacts. To palliate the negative consequences of the increasing
trend in livestock numbers, herd size reduction should be encouraged by
adding economic value to the individual livestock and/or by promoting
alternative income and/or ecotourism. Furthermore, co-management between
government and stakeholders would help tackle this complex problem, with
herders playing a major role in the development of livestock management
strategies. Traditional practices, such as regularly shifting campsites
and using dogs and corrals at night, could reduce livestock losses
caused by snow leopards. |
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Author |
Sharma, K., Fiechter, M., George, T., Young, J., Alexander, J.
S., Bijoor, Suryawanshi, K., Mishra, C. |
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Title |
Conservation and people: Towards an ethical code of conduct for
the use of camera traps in wildlife research |
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2020 |
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Ecological Solutions and Evidence |
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1-6 |
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camera trap, code of conduct, ethics, human rights, law, PARTNERS principles for community- based conservation, privacy, snow leopard |
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Abstract |
1. Camera trapping is a widely employed tool in wildlife
research, used to estimate animal abundances, understand animal
movement, assess species richness and under- stand animal behaviour. In
addition to images of wild animals, research cameras often record human
images, inadvertently capturing behaviours ranging from innocuous
actions to potentially serious crimes.
2. With the increasing use of camera traps, there is an urgent need to
reflect on how researchers should deal with human images caught on
cameras. On the one hand, it is important to respect the privacy of
individuals caught on cameras, while, on the other hand, there is a
larger public duty to report illegal activity. This creates ethical
dilemmas for researchers.
3. Here, based on our camera-trap research on snow leopards Panthera
uncia, we outline a general code of conduct to help improve the practice
of camera trap based research and help researchers better navigate the
ethical-legal tightrope of this important research tool. |
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1626 |
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