| Records |
| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Imperiled phantom of Asian peaks |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
National Geographic |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
140 |
Issue  |
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Pages |
702-707 |
| Keywords |
conservation; Pakistan; baiting; browse; 2210 |
| Abstract |
Brief description of succssful baiting, with a domestic goat and photographing a wild snow leopard in Northern Pakistan. |
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| Notes |
First photographs of snow leopards in the wild |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 22 |
Serial |
859 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B.; Mirza, Z.B. |
| Title |
On the behaviour of Kashmir Markhor (Capra falconeri cashmiriensis) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Mammalia |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
548-566 |
| Keywords |
predator; prey; Kashmir; browse; 2270 |
| Abstract |
Notes snow leopard as main predator in Pakistan study area. Describes content of some snow leopard droppings |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 25 |
Serial |
860 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
On the behaviour of Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Journal of Bombay Natural Historical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
69 |
Issue |
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Pages |
523-537 |
| Keywords |
predator; prey; hunting; scat; blue-sheep; Nepal; blue; sheep; browse; 2230 |
| Abstract |
Two or three snow leopards hunted in the study area in eastern Nepal. Describes content of some snow leopard scat |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 24 |
Serial |
862 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Mountain mammals in Pakistan |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
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Pages |
351-356 |
| Keywords |
Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240 |
| Abstract |
Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 33 |
Serial |
863 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Mountain Monarchs: Wild Sheep and Goats of the Himalaya (Wildlife Behavior & Ecology) |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
146-159 |
| Keywords |
sheep; goats; Pakistan; Nepal; marking; spraying; scrapes; sprays; behavior; predator; prey; browse; 2250; mountain; wild; wild sheep; goat; Himalaya; wildlife; ecology |
| Abstract |
Describes snow leopard status and field observations from studies in Pakistan and Nepal. Review provides some data on snow leopard marking behavior, social relations, food habits and predator behavior. |
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| Publisher |
University of Chicago Press |
Place of Publication |
Chicago |
Editor |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 39 |
Serial |
864 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Stones of Silence: Journeys in the Himalaya |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Himalaya; Pakistan; behavior; browse; 2260 |
| Abstract |
Anecdotal description of wildlife field studies in the Himalaya, including information on snow leopard natural history and an encounter with snow leopards in Pakistan. |
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Viking Press |
Place of Publication |
New York |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 63 |
Serial |
865 |
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| Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Tibet; predator; prey; steppe; ungulates; browse; 1990 |
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University of Chicago Press |
Place of Publication |
Chicago |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 344 |
Serial |
871 |
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| Author |
Scheber |
| Title |
Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
17 |
| Keywords |
Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960 |
| Abstract |
Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976. |
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| Notes |
The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian, |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 28 |
Serial |
872 |
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| Author |
Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. |
| Title |
Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Adv.Etho |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
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Pages |
43 |
| Keywords |
abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management |
| Abstract |
Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. |
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| Notes |
WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 349 |
Serial |
897 |
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| Author |
Smith, A.T.; Foggin, M.J. |
| Title |
The Plateau Pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is a Keystone Species for Biodiversity on the Tibetan Plateau |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Animal Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
235-240 |
| Keywords |
prey; species; pika; Tibet; tibetan plateau; domestic livestock; biodiversity; browse; 90 |
| Abstract |
It is necessary to look at the big picture when managing biological resources on the QinghaiXizang (Tibetan) plateau. Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) are poisoned widely across the plateau. Putative reasons for these control measures are that pika populations may reach high densities and correspondingly reduce forage for domestic livestock (yak, sheep, horses), and because they may be responsible for habitat degradation. In contrast, we highlight the important role the plateau pika plays as a keystone species in the Tibetan plateau ecosystem. The plateau pika is a keystone species because it: (i) makes burrows that are the primary homes to a wide variety of small birds and lizards; (ii) creates microhabitat disturbance that results in an increase in plant species richness; (iii) serves as the principal prey for nearly all of the plateau's predator species; (iv) contributes positively to ecosystem-level dynamics. The plateau pika should be managed in concert with other uses of the land to ensure preservation of China's native biodiversity, as well as long-term sustainable use of the pastureland by domestic livestock. |
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| Notes |
Cambridge University PressCopyright c 1999 The Zoological Society of London Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 357 |
Serial |
902 |
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| Author |
Stockley, G. |
| Title |
Big Game Shooting In the Indian Empire |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1928 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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hunting; big-game; India; browse; big; game; 2000 |
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| Publisher |
Constable |
Place of Publication |
London |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 12 |
Serial |
938 |
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| Author |
Stockley, G. |
| Title |
Stalking in the Himalayas and Northern India |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1936 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Himalaya; India; hunting; big-game; browse; big game; big; game; 2010 |
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| Publisher |
Herbert Jenkins |
Place of Publication |
London |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 13 |
Serial |
939 |
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| Author |
Suryawanshi, K.R.; Bhatnagar, Y.; Mishra, C. |
| Title |
Why should a grazer browse? Livestock impact on winter resource use by bharal Pseudois nayaur
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
browse; livestock; impact; winter; resource; use; bharal; Pseudois; pseudois nayaur; Pseudois-nayaur; nayaur; diet; variation; diets; conservation; Media; study; decline; areas; area; grazing; Pressure; plants; plant; sign; feeding; location; population; structure; populations; using; young; Female; times; High; Competition; species; predators; predator; endangered; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya |
| Abstract |
Many mammalian herbivores show a temporal diet variation between graminoid-dominated and browse dominated diets. We determined the causes of such a diet shift and its implications for conservation of a medium sized ungulate-the bharal Pseudois nayaur. Past studies show that the bharal diet is dominated by graminoids (>80%) during summer, but the contribution of graminoids declines to about 50% in winter. We tested the predictions generated by two alternative hypotheses explaining the decline: low graminoid availability during winter causes bharal to include browse in their diet; bharal include browse, with relatively higher nutritional quality, in their diet to compensate for the poor quality of graminoids during winter. We measured winter graminoid availability in areas with no livestock grazing, areas with relatively moderate livestock grazing, and those with intense livestock grazing pressures. The chemical composition of plants contributing to the bharal diet was analysed. The bharal diet was quantiWed through signs of feeding on vegetation at feeding locations. Population structures of bharal populations were recorded using a total count method. Graminoid availability was highest in areas without livestock grazing, followed by areas with moderate and intense livestock grazing. The bharal diet was dominated by graminoids (73%) in areas with highest graminoid availability. Graminoid contribution to the bharal diet declined monotonically (50, 36%) with a decline in graminoid availability. Bharal young to female ratio was 3 times higher in areas with high graminoid availability than areas with low graminoid availability. The composition of the bharal winter diet was governed predominantly by the availability of graminoids in the rangelands. Our results suggest that bharal include more browse in their diet during winter due to competition from livestock for graminoids. Since livestock grazing reduces graminoid availability, creation of livestock-free areas is necessary for the conservation of grazing species such as the bharal and its predators including the endangered snow leopard in the Trans-Himalaya. |
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Springer-Verlag |
Place of Publication |
Online |
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| Notes |
This study was made possible by a grant from the Snow Leopard Network. Additional support was given by the Wildlife Conservation Society-India Program and Nature Conservation Foundation, the Whitley Fund for Nature, the Ford Foundation, and the Nadathur Conservation Trust. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1062 |
Serial |
951 |
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| Author |
Suryawanshi, K.R. |
| Title |
Towards snow leopard prey recovery: understanding the resource use strategies and demographic responses of bharal Pseudois nayaur to livestock grazing and removal; Final project report |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-43 |
| Keywords |
project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; prey; recovery; resource; use; strategy; demographic; Response; bharal; Pseudois; pseudois nayaur; Pseudois-nayaur; nayaur; livestock; grazing; Report; decline; wild; populations; population; Himalayan; region; Competition; threats; threat; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; study; diet; winter; Test; browse; nutrition; areas; area; young; Female; times; High; Adult; mortality; species; predators; predator; endangered; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya |
| Abstract |
Decline of wild prey populations in the Himalayan region, largely due to competition with livestock, has been identified as one of the main threats to the snow leopard Uncia uncia. Studies show that bharal Pseudois nayaur diet is dominated by graminoids during summer, but the proportion of graminoids declines in winter. We explore the causes for the decline of graminoids from bharal winter diet and resulting implications for bharal conservation. We test the predictions generated by two alternative hypotheses, (H1) low graminoid availability caused by livestock grazing during winter causes bharal to include browse in their diet, and, (H2) bharal include browse, with relatively higher nutrition, to compensate for the poor quality of graminoids during winter. Graminoid availability was highest in areas without livestock grazing, followed by areas with moderate and intense livestock grazing. Graminoid quality in winter was relatively lower than that of browse, but the difference was not statistically significant. Bharal diet was dominated by graminoids in areas with highest graminoid availability. Graminoid contribution to bharal diet declined monotonically with a decline in graminoid availability. Bharal young to female ratio was three times higher in areas with high graminoid availability than areas with low graminoid availability. No starvation-related adult mortalities were observed in any of the areas. Composition of bharal winter diet was governed predominantly by the availability of graminoids in the rangelands. Since livestock grazing reduces graminoid availability, creation of livestock free areas is necessary for conservation of grazing species such as the bharal and its predators such as the endangered snow leopard in the Trans-Himalaya. |
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| Notes |
Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program, 2008. Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore. Post-graduate Program in Wildlife Biology and Conservation, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Wildlife Conservation Society -India program, Bangalore, India. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1077 |
Serial |
952 |
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| Author |
Taryannikov, V.I. |
| Title |
Distribution, biology and current state of the number of the rare predatory mammals in W. Gissar. The Ecology, Protection, and Acclimatization of Vertebrates in Uzbekistan |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1986 |
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Uzbekistan; Gissar; distribution; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2600 |
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Tashkent |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 89 |
Serial |
958 |
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| Author |
Turner, L. |
| Title |
Oklahoma City Zoo-Twenty Nine Snow Leopards |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Int.Ped Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
96-111 |
| Keywords |
zoos; captivity; husbandry; zoo; breeding; housing; browse; 3690 |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
Discusses breeding, housing, aquisition, history |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 66 |
Serial |
974 |
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| |
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| |
| Author |
Volozheninov, N.N. |
| Title |
Rare and vanishing mammals and birds in S Uzbekistan. Ecology and protection of the rare and vanishing vertebrates in Uzbekistan, Tashkent |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1985 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2610; Russian |
| Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
In Russian |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 90 |
Serial |
991 |
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| |
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| |
| Author |
Wajrak, A. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard Skins in Poland (Polowanie Na Sniezna Pantere) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
Gazeta Wyborcza. |
| Volume |
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Issue |
|
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Russia; Ussr; skins; furs; pelts; poaching; trade; browse; Soviet-Union; soviet union; soviet; union; 3160; information; 920; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; skin |
| Abstract |
Full Text: In 1991, Dr Andrzej Kruszewicz of the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences saw a “quite fresh” snow leopard skin on sale by a Russian in a Warsaw market for three million Polish zlotys ($300). A few weeks later he saw another skin in a shop in the centre of Warsaw. In spring 1992, Marcin Waslawski from the Institute of Geography saw a snow leopard skin in the same market for the equivalent of $200. The seller was an Asian from a former Soviet Republic. In summer 1992, Wajrak himself saw a snow leopard skin in a hunters' shop in Warsaw and in winter saw one in the home of a Polish hunter, who said it was a gift from a Mongolian friend. In winter 1994, a student from Britain saw a Polish long coat of snow leopard skins in Bialowieza. Wajrak saw a skin in a Warsaw shop, which the owner said was 15-20 years old; he got it from a Polish diplomat who had been in Mongolia and had three snow leopard skins. The skin was priced at the equivalent of $1,000. Wajrak added that he had been told that it was possible to buy tiger skins from Russians in Poland and he was trying to find one; I have not heard from him since. |
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Place of Publication |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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| Notes |
Information from Adam Wajrak of Gazeta Wyboracza (T: 48 2 416 920)
24/4/94. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 268 |
Serial |
1002 |
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| |
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| |
| Author |
Wang, X.; Schaller, G.B. |
| Title |
Status of large mammals in Western Inner Mongolia, China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology) |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
|
Pages |
93-104 |
| Keywords |
China; Mongolia; Inner-Mongolia; snow leopards; browse; inner; 2930 |
| Abstract |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 292 |
Serial |
1003 |
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| |
| Author |
Wangchuk, T.R. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard: Its Management with Emphasis on Bhutan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Bhutan; management; browse; 2440 |
| Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
Unpublished report. Date of Copyright: 1992 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 195 |
Serial |
1006 |
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| |
| Author |
Ward, A.E. |
| Title |
Game animals of Kashmir and adjacent hill provinces |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1921 |
Publication |
J.of Bombay Natural Historical Society. |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
23-35 |
| Keywords |
Kashmir; predator; prey; diet; blue-sheep; blue; sheep; browse; 3150 |
| Abstract |
comments that snow leopard may take blue sheep as prey |
| Address |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 10 |
Serial |
1007 |
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| Author |
Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. |
| Title |
Management and husbandry of the snow leopard Uncia uncia |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
International Zoo Yearbook |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
139-147 |
| Keywords |
breeding; captive-management; diet; enclosures; housing; husbandry; nutrition; veterinary-care; zoo; browse; veterinary; care; captive; management; 1290 |
| Abstract |
The international studbook for the Snow leopard Uncia uncia was established in 1976. The species has been the focus of intensive captive management and as at 1 January 1992, 541 animals were maintained at 160 collections. This paper gives an overview of the diet, housing, breeding and captive management of the species with specific reference to animals maintained in North American collections. A summary of veterinary care reported in the Snow leopard captive-management survey is also given. |
| Address |
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Place of Publication |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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ISBN |
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| Notes |
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 331 |
Serial |
1018 |
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| |
| Author |
Wikramanayake, E.D. |
| Title |
Recommendations for Conservation Management of Jigme Dorji National Park |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
conservation; management; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; Bhutan; protected-area; Jigme-Dorji; browse; protected; area; 2450 |
| Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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| Notes |
Field Report submitted to Nature Conservation Section, RGOB, and WWF Bhutan Program.
Date of Copyright: 1995 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 282 |
Serial |
1023 |
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| |
| Author |
Zhenhuang, S. |
| Title |
Economic Fauna of China |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1964 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
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| Keywords |
China; status; distribution; hunting; pelts; coats; bones; fur; browse; 3410 |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Academia Sinica Press |
Place of Publication |
China |
Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
Chinese |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 19 |
Serial |
1077 |
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| |
| Author |
Zhirnov, L.; Ilyinsky, V. |
| Title |
The Great Gobi National Park – a refuge for rare animals of the Central Asian deserts |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
gobi; Mongolia; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; distribution; protected-area; browse; 2720 |
| Abstract |
Discusses snow leopard distribution in Great Gobi National Park |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Centre for International Projects, GKNT |
Place of Publication |
Moscow |
Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 91 |
Serial |
1081 |
| Permanent link to this record |
