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Johnston, L.A.; Armstrong, D.L.; Brown, J.L. |
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Title |
Seasonal effects on seminal and endocrine traits in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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J Reprod Fertil |
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102 |
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1 |
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229-236 |
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Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Comparative; study; Fsh; Blood; Gonadotropins; Pituitary; Lh; Male; Seasons; Semen; Sperm; Motility; Spermatozoa; cytology; Testosterone; browse; 180 |
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Abstract |
The annual reproductive cycle of the male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was characterized by evaluating seminal and endocrine traits monthly. Testicular volume was greatest (P < 0.05) during the winter months when the quality of ejaculate was optimal. Ejaculate volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate, sperm morphology and sperm motility index were lowest during the summer and autumn months compared with the winter and spring. Peripheral LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations were also lowest during the summer months, increasing during the autumn just before the increase in semen quality, and were maximal during the winter months. There was a direct relationship (P < 0.01) between: (1) testosterone and testicular volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate and ejaculate volume, and (2) LH and testicular volume and motile sperm concentration per ejaculate. In summary, although spermatozoa were recovered throughout the year, optimal gamete quality was observed during the winter and spring. Although previous studies in felids have demonstrated seasonal effects on either seminal or endocrine traits, this is the first study to demonstrate a distinct effect of season on both pituitary and testicular function. |
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0022-4251 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 252 |
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504 |
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Author |
Mallon, D.P. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Large Mammals in Ladakh |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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56 |
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1 |
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101-119 |
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Ladakh; India; snow-leopard; wolf; Canis-lupus; ibex; brown-bear; bear; Ursus-arctos; parks; reserves; hunting; herders; livestock; snow leopard; browse; canis; lupis; ursus; arctos; 800 |
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The distribution and status of large mammals was surveyed in a 15 000 km2 study area in Ladakh, India. Snow leopard Panthera uncia, wolf Canis lupus, ibex Capra ibex and bharal Pseudois nayaur have an almost continuous distribution throughout; Ladakh urial Ovis vignei, Tibetan argali Ovis ammon, wild ass Equus kiang and brown bear Ursus arctos have a limited distribution. Snow leopard prefer lower altitudes and rocky, undisturbed areas. Ibex and bharal occupy similar rocky habitats but their ranges are mostly separate, with a small area of overlap. The Ladakh urial shows signs of recovery from an earlier decline. Natural resources are widely used for fuel, fodder and grazing, but favourable factors include a low human population, low level of hunting and the existence of some uninhabited and undisturbed areas. A comprehensive Protected Area Network has been proposed. |
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Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 175 |
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647 |
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Oli, M.K. |
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A key for the identification of the hair of mammals of a snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitat in Nepal |
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1993 |
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Journal of Zoology London |
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231 |
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1 |
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71-93 |
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Nepal; snow leopard; scats; Hair; diet; identification; Panthera-uncia; browse; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 780 |
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Analysis of prey remains in scats, particularly hairs, in widely used to study diet of mammalian predators, but identification of hair is often difficult because hair structures vary considerably both within and between species. Use of photographic reference of diagnostically important hair structures from mammals occurring in a predator's habitat has been found to be convenient for routine identification. A photographic reference key was developed for the identification of hairs of the mammals known to occur in a snow leopard (Panthera uncia) habitat in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. The key included a photographic reference of the diagnostic hair structures of nine species of wild and five species of domestic mammals. The cross-sectional appearance, shape and arrangement of medulla, the ratio of cortex to medulla, and the form and distribution of pigment in medulla and cortex were important diagnostic aids in the identification of hairs. |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: QL1 .J879 |
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SLN @ rana @ 207 |
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745 |
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Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
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Title |
Status of large mammals in the Taxkorgan Reserve, Xinjiang, China |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1987 |
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Biological-Conservation |
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42 |
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1 |
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53-71 |
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Keywords |
Marco-Polo; sheep; Ovis-ammon-poli; Asiatic; ibex; Capra-ibex; blue-sheep; Pseudois-nayaur; snow; leopard; Panthera-uncia; wolf; Canis-lupus; brown; bear; Ursus-arctos; marmot; survey; status; China; Taxkorgan; reserve; capra ibex; snow leopard; blue; browse; marco polo; ovis; ammon; poli; capra; pseudois nayaur; panthera; uncia; canis; lupus; ursus arctos; 880 |
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A status survey of large mammals was conducted in the W half of 14 000 km“SUP 2” Taxkorgan Reserve. Only one viable population of fewer than 150 Marco Polo sheep Ovis ammon poli survives; it appears to be augmented by adult males from Russia and Afghanistan during the winter rut. Asiatic ibex Capra ibex occur primarily in the western part of the reserve and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur – the most abundant wild ungulate – in the E and SE parts. The 2 species overlap in the area of contact. Counts revealed an average wild ungulate density of 0.34 animals km“SUP -2”. Snow leopard Panthera uncia were rare, with possibly 50-75 in the reserve, as were wolves Canis lupus and brown bear Ursus arctos. The principal spring food of snow leopard was blue sheep (60%) and marmot (29%). Local people have greatly decimated wildlife. Overgrazing by livestock and overuse of shrubs for fuelwood is turning this arid steppe habitat into desert. -from Authors |
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Full Text Available at URLDocument Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 100 |
Serial |
866 |
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Title |
Rare Animals and their Protection in the USSR |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1978 |
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4-4 |
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Uzbekistan; categories of threat; rare species; snow leopard; distribution; threats.; 8030; Russian |
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It described categories of threat (Category A and Category B). Snow leopard was assessed under Category A the species whose numbers and habitats have sharply diminished and are continuing to diminish as a consequence of direct persecution, destruction of their habitat or other causes. The snow leopard (Pardus uncia) inhabits the mountains of the Tien Shan range, Tarbagatai, Saur, Altai and the Sayans. Exploitation of mountain areas and depletion of stocks of wild ungulates (Siberian mountain goats and wild sheep) have led to a sharp reduction in the number of snow leopards. It is estimated that today only about one thousand leopards are left, and they have accordingly been placed under complete protection. Hunting and selective shooting are everywhere prohibited. Catching leopards is regulated by the articles of the international convention restricting trade in rare species of plants and animals. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Uzbekistan's Reservations and Natural Monuments. XIV General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. |
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SLN @ rana @ 781 |
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14 |
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Title |
Biological diversity conservation. National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1998 |
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34-35 |
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Uzbekistan; national strategy and action plan; biodiversity; endangered species; snow leopard; distribution; number; conservation measures.; 6280; Russian |
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The National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan was signed on April 1, 1998. Snow leopard was included in the list of rare and endangered animal species and referred to category 2 a rare, not endangered species. It is distributed in highlands of the West Tien Shan and Pamiro-Alay. Its population is 30-50 animals. Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Gissar nature reserve, and Ugam-Chatkal national park. |
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Full text available in Russian |
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SLN @ rana @ 606 |
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17 |
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Author |
Abdunazarov B.B. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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2003 |
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6 |
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Uzbekistan; Cites; snow leopard.; 5780; Russian |
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Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) listed in Red Data Book of Republic of Uzbekistan (2003) and Appendix II CITES. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guide of Animals listed in CITES. |
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SLN @ rana @ 558 |
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24 |
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Abdunazarov B.B. |
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Composition, structure and population of rare terrene vertebrate animals and their conservation perspectives in the nature reserves of Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1990 |
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182-184 |
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Uzbekistan; protected areas; vertebrates; endangered species; snow leopard.; 5800; Russian |
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An attempt of analyzing the role of Uzbekistan' nature reserves in conservation of gene pool of the rare and endangered terrene vertebrate fauna is done. Of 21 rare vertebrate species, 11 mammal species, eight nesting bird species and two reptile species were detected to inhabit seven nature reserves. This makes up 36.2 percent within the total number of species included in the Red Data Book of the Uzbek SSR or 3.7 percent of the country's fauna. Single snow leopards were found in the Chatkal and Hissar nature reserves. Data of the species inhabiting the Zaamin nature reserve needs to be verified. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The nature reserves of the USSR the present and future. |
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SLN @ rana @ 560 |
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27 |
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Author |
Afanasiev Y.G. |
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Title |
The Karatau nature reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1988 |
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20-33 |
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Kazakhstan; Karatau nature reserve; plants; Animals; snow leopard.; 5880; Russian |
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The Karatau ridge is an extreme north-west spur of the Tien Shan mountain system. Flora of Karatau is represented by no less than 1,500 higher vessel plant species. Karatau and the adjacent areas host 16 reptile species, 114 bird and 42 mammal species. Snow leopard disappeared from fauna of Karatau in 20th century. In 1940-s, the animal species was met at the highest point of the ridge in the Manjilki area, particularly in tract Kor-Djailau. Now there are no snow leopards in the area under study a fact evidenced by local hunters and shepherds. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: New nature reserves of Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 567 |
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35 |
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Author |
Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Marking in Wild Snow Leopards: A preliminary assesment |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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No. 13 |
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estrus; estrual-cycle; reserach; behavior; scrapes; sprays; Langu-Gorge; Langu; China; browse; 4800 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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English |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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SLN @ rana @ 467 |
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36 |
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