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Author |
McCarthy, K.; Fuller, T.; Ming, M.; McCarthy, T.; Waits, L.; Jumabaev, K. |
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Title |
Assessing Estimators of Snow Leopard Abundance |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of Widlife Management |
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72 |
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8 |
Pages |
1826-1833 |
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Keywords |
abundance; camera,capture-recapture,density,index,predator:prey ratios,techniques,Tien Shan,Uncia; leopard; SaryChat; sign surveys; Slims; snow; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Tomur |
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Abstract |
The secretive nature of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) makes them difficult to monitor, yet conservation efforts require accurate and precise methods to estimate abundance. We assessed accuracy of Snow Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS) sign surveys by comparing them with 4 methods for estimating snow leopard abundance: predator:prey biomass ratios, capture-recapture density estimation, photo-capture rate, and individual identification through genetic analysis. We recorded snow leopard sign during standardized surveys in the SaryChat Zapovednik, the Jangart hunting reserve, and the Tomur Strictly Protected Area, in the Tien Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan and China. During June-December 2005, adjusted sign averaged 46.3 (SaryChat), 94.6 (Jangart), and 150.8 (Tomur) occurrences/km. We used
counts of ibex (Capra ibex) and argali (Ovis ammon) to estimate available prey biomass and subsequent potential snow leopard densities of 8.7 (SaryChat), 1.0 (Jangart), and 1.1 (Tomur) snow leopards/100 km2. Photo capture-recapture density estimates were 0.15 (n = 1 identified individual/1 photo), 0.87 (n = 4/13), and 0.74 (n = 5/6) individuals/100 km2 in SaryChat, Jangart, and Tomur, respectively. Photo-capture rates
(photos/100 trap-nights) were 0.09 (SaryChat), 0.93 (Jangart), and 2.37 (Tomur). Genetic analysis of snow leopard fecal samples provided minimum population sizes of 3 (SaryChat), 5 (Jangart), and 9 (Tomur) snow leopards. These results suggest SLIMS sign surveys may be affected by observer bias and environmental variance. However, when such bias and variation are accounted for, sign surveys indicate relative abundances similar to photo rates and genetic individual identification results. Density or abundance estimates based on capture-recapture or ungulate biomass did not agree with other indices of abundance. Confidence in estimated densities, or even detection of significant changes in abundance of snow leopard, will require more effort and better documentation. |
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SLN @ rana @ 881 |
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653 |
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Anonymous |
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Title |
International Specialists Discuss China's Threatened Cats |
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Miscellaneous |
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1992 |
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China; Iucn; habitat; predator; prey; livestock; herders; conflict; hunting; poaching; trapping; bones; medicine; trade; development; Slims; Cites; protected-areas; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; browse; protected; areas; 3990 |
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SLN @ rana @ 186 |
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80 |
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Author |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Snow Leopard News Fall 2001 |
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2001 |
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Snow Leopard News |
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seattle; fund-raising; volunteers; annual-appeal; Woodland-Park-Zoo; Tserendeleg; Mongolia; Macne; Islt; Pakistan; Afganastan; Malik; September-11th; war; conservation; China; Slims; Tnc; Yunnan; Slss; Snow-Leopard-Survival-Summit; Sullenberger; Munktsog; irbis-enterprises; Cnn; Abc; tourism; travel; crafts; Dolijinsuren; browse; 4340 |
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Islt |
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Seattle, WA |
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Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1.Thanks Again to Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle2.Mongolia's Conservation Leader Passed Away3.The Presence of the Trust4.ISLT and the Nature Conservancy Team up in China5.Snow Leopard Survival Summit Postponed6.Mongolia's Snow Leopards in the News7.Volunteers for Snow Leopards8.From Cozzy Mitts to Tea Cozies |
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SLN @ rana @ 422 |
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932 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Snow Leopard News Spring 2000 |
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2000 |
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Snow Leopard News |
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Rutherford; Freeman; Morse; Jackson; Hillard; Natural-Partnerships-Program; Pakistan; Islt; Slims; training; Chitrol-Gol; parks; preserves; reserves; protected-areas; surveys; Hemis; Conflict-Resolution-Workshop; conflict; herders; leh; Jammu; Kashmir; Ladakh; corrals; predator; prey; livestock; depradation; human-wildlife-conflict; Uzbekistan; Gissar; Peace-Corps; Mongolia; Macne; fiction; populations; browse; 4390 |
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Islt |
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Seattle, Wa |
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Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Transitions at the Trust2.Message From ISLT Founder Helen Freeman and President Charles Morse3.Jakson and Hillard to Leave ISLT for New Pursuits4. News and Notes5. ISLT's Natural Partnerships Program6.Thoughts from a Snow Leopard7. Snow Leopards, Local People,and Livestock losses: Solutions through Paticipation8.U.S. Peace Corps and ISLT Team Up in Mongolia |
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SLN @ rana @ 427 |
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930 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Snow Leopard News Summer/ Fall 1999 |
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Miscellaneous |
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1999 |
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Snow Leopard News |
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distribution; stutus; fur-trade; bones; medicine; conservation; enforcement; awareness; education; poaching; killing; hunting; web-of-life-poster; Slims; Nepal; field-study; Mongolia; prey; pelts; livestock; retaliatory-killing; habitat; browse; 4420 |
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Islt |
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Seattle, WA |
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Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Conservation Challenges2.Education in Action: Posters Distributed in Mongolia and Bhutan3.5th SLIMS Workshop Held in Nepal4.News and Notes5.Thoughts From a Snow Leopard6.Snow Leopard Spot |
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SLN @ rana @ 430 |
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927 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Snow Leopard News Spring 1999 |
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1999 |
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Snow Leopard News |
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Chitrol-Gol; Pakistan; Turner-foundation-grant; zoos; cooperation; conservation; Islt; Jackson; Slims; Singh; indictator-species; prey; browse; 4400 |
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Islt |
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Seattle, WA |
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Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Chitrol Gol National Park, Pakistan Febuary 19992.ISLT Recieves Turner Foundation Grant3.ISLT and Zoos Continue Link for Conservation Success4.News and Notes5.Field Notes6.Jay Singh7.Snow Leopard Spot |
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SLN @ rana @ 428 |
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925 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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First SLIMS Workshop Held in China |
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1993 |
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Snowline |
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xi |
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9 |
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Slims; China; gansu; Qilian; training; Islt; Jackson; hunter; browse; 4660 |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
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SLN @ rana @ 453 |
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922 |
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Poyarkov, A.D. |
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Some Aspects of Snow Leopard Research Methodology |
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2002 |
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snow; leopard; biology; population; probability; presence; study; Slims; indices; research; 5030 |
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This report analyses some methodological aspects of snow leopard studies, primarily, on the basis of Russian scientific sources. |
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Islt |
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Islt |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
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SLN @ rana @ 489 |
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787 |
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McCarthy, T. |
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Snow leopard conservation project, Mongolia: WWF Project Summary of Field Work |
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1999 |
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irbis-enterprises; Mongolia; gobi; Altai; Altay; habitat; status; distribution; Uvs; conservation; parks; preserves; refuge; protected-area; herders; livestock; predator; prey; field-work; field-study; field-studies; training; Slims; transects; sign; sprays; scrapes; markings; population; browse; irbis; enterprises; protected; area; field work; field; work; field study; study; 3870 |
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Full Text at URL: Project No. MN0004.01, reporting period 1998-1999 |
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SLN @ rana @ 367 |
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658 |
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McCarthy, T. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Conservation Plan for the Republic of Mongolia |
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1999 |
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Mongolia; conservation; legal-status; Iunc; Cites; distribution; status; Altay; gobi; parks; preserves; habitat; reserves; refuge; protected-area; poaching; hunting; trade; furs; pelts; skins; coats; bones; trapping; livestock; herders; killing; habitat-fragmentation; threats; Disease; prey; diet; Mne; laws; education; management; Macne; Wwf; Islt; regulations; monitoring; Slims; tourism; conflict; browse; legal status; legal; protected; area; fragmentation; world wildlife fund; international snow leopard trust; 3890 |
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Full Text Available at URL: DRAFT |
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SLN @ rana @ 366 |
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657 |
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