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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
Title Himalayan snow leopard project: final progress report, phase 1 Type Miscellaneous
Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords Himalayan; field-study; Nepal; browse; field; study; 3360; Report; national; Jackson
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Notes Report to National Geographic Society. Washington D.C. 94 pp. Report not available but is superceded by Rodney Jackson's PhD thesis:Home Range, Movements and Habitat use of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) in Nepal (1996). Thesis is available in this bibliography. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 94 Serial 436
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Author Wangchuk, R.; Jackson, R.
Title A Community-based Approach to Mitigating Livestock-Wildlife Conflict in Ladakh, India Type Report
Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 1-9
Keywords community-based; approach; conflict; Ladakh; India; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; wolf; wolves; Himalayan; region; Jackson; kibber; Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary; wildlife; sanctuary; sanctuaries; loss; us; villagers; predation; establishment; surveys; survey; number; change; Animal; animal-husbandry; husbandry; system; 2000
Abstract Livestock depredation by snow leopard and wolf is widespread across the Himalayan region (Jackson et al. 1996, Jackson and Wangchuk 2001; Mishra 1997, Oli et al 1994). For example, in India's Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary, Mishra (1997) reported losses amounting to 18% of the livestock holdings and valued at about US $138 per household. The villagers claimed predation rates increased after establishment of the sanctuary, but

surveys indicated a dramatic increase in livestock numbers accompanying changes in animal husbandry systems (Mishra 2000).
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1014 Serial 1005
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Author Jackson, R.
Title SSC Plan for Snow Leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords physiology; status; distribution; description; behavior; reproduction; mating; breeding; vocalization; gestation; biology; habitat; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; longevity; homerange; home-range; prey; diet; Cites; Iunc; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected-areas; movements; activity; livestock; herders; depredation; conflict; trade; poaching; hunting; research; captivity; management; zoos; Slims; surveys; transects; browse; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3920; plan; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard
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Notes Full Text at URL DRAFT – Revised September 22, 1992 by Rodney Jackson Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 201 Serial 450
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Species Survival Commission Plan for Snow Leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords conservation; management; ecology; browse; 2080
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Notes Unpub. draft for Cat Specialist Action Plan, IUCN, Gland. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 192 Serial 449
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Snow Leopards and Other Wildlife in the Qomolang,a Nature Preserve of Tibet Type Miscellaneous
Year 1991 Publication Snow Line Abbreviated Journal
Volume ix Issue (up) Pages 9-12
Keywords animal-husbandry; annapurna; bounties; China; depradation; interviews; poaching; population; research; status; survey
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Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Seattle Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 463 Serial 448
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Author Jackson, R.
Title A wildlife survey of the Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibetian Autonomous Region, Peoples Republic of China Type Book Whole
Year 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords Qomolangma; Tibet; China; protected-areas; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; browse; 3150
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Publisher Woodlands Mountain Institute Place of Publication Franklin, West Virginia Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 184 Serial 447
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Author Jackson, R.; Hunter, D.O.
Title Snow Leopard Survey and Conservation Handbook (2nd Edition) Type Book Whole
Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords surveys; survey; transect; field-study; browse; field study; field; study; 2790
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Publisher ISLT and National Biological Survey Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 281 Serial 454
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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
Title Snow Leopards in Nepal-home range and movements Type Journal Article
Year 1989 Publication National Geographic Res. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue (up) Pages 161-175
Keywords home-range; behavior; Nepal; browse; home; range; 3190
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 140 Serial 443
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Author Janecka; J.E.; Jackson, R.; Yuquang, Z.; Diqiang, L.; Munkhtsog, B.; Buckley-Beason, V.; Murphy, W.J.
Title Population monitoring of snow leopards using noninvasive collection of scat samples: a pilot study Type Miscellaneous
Year 2008 Publication Animal Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue (up) Pages 401-411
Keywords snow leopard; genetics; scat; noninvasive; survey.
Abstract The endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia occurs in rugged, high-altitude regions of Central Asia. However, information on the status of this felid is limited in many areas. We conducted a pilot study to optimize molecular markers for the analysis of snow leopard scat samples and to examine the feasibility of using noninvasive genetic methods for monitoring this felid. We designed snow leopard-specific primers for seven microsatellite loci that amplified shorter segments and avoided flanking sequences shared with repetitive elements. By redesigning primers we maximized genotyping success and minimized genotyping errors. In addition, we tested a Y chromosome-marker for sex identification and designed a panel of mitochondrial DNA primers for examining genetic diversity of snow leopards using scat samples. We collected scats believed to be from snow leopards in three separate geographic regions including north-western India, central China and southern Mongolia. We observed snow leopard scats in all three sites despite only brief 2-day surveys in each area. There was a high rate of species misidentification in the field with up to 54% of snow leopard scats misidentified as red fox. The high rate of field misidentification suggests sign surveys incorporating scat likely overestimate snow leopard abundance. The highest ratio of snow leopard scats was observed in Ladakh (India) and South Gobi (Mongolia), where four and five snow leopards were detected, respectively. Our findings describe a species-specific molecular panel for analysis of snow leopard scats, and highlight the efficacy of noninvasive genetic surveys for monitoring snow leopards. These methods enable large-scale noninvasive studies that will provide information critical for conservation of snow leopards.
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Notes Supplemental information may be found at http:snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/JaneckaSupplemental2008.pdf Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 883 Serial 488
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Author Jain, N.; Wangchuk, R.; Jackson, R.
Title An Assessment of CBT and Homestay Sites in Spiti District, Himachal Pradesh Type Report
Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 1-14
Keywords assessment; Himachal; himachal pradesh; Himachal-Pradesh; United; Organization; survey; Report; activities; activity; mountain; Tmi; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; Snow Leopard Conservancy; leopard; Ladakh; States; India; Himalayan; program; conservation; local; livelihood; asia
Abstract The survey described in this report builds upon prior CBT activities undertaken by The Mountain Institute (TMI) in partnership with the Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC) in Ladakh, supported by a grant from UNESCO (with co-financing from SLC). Under the evolving concept of “Himalayan Homestays”, initially developed and tested in Ladakh, it is proposed that activities be expanded to selected states in India in a strategic and effective way. Himalayan Homestays are part of a larger integrated program to link snow leopard conservation with local livelihoods in Asia.
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Notes Supported by: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1019 Serial 483
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Author Jackson, R.M.
Title Home Range, Movements and Habitat use of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) in Nepal Type Book Whole
Year 1996 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 233 pp
Keywords Nepal; blue-sheep; predator; prey; home-range; behavior; capture; telemetry; habitat; marking; activity; movement; tracking; blue; sheep; browse; home range; home; range; 990
Abstract Home ranges for five radio-tagged snow leopards (Uncia uncia) inhabiting prime habitat in Nepal Himalaya varied in size from 11-37 km2. These solitary felids were crepuscular in activity, and although highly mobile, nearly 90% of all consecutive day movements involved a straight line distance of 2km or less. No seasonal difference in daily movement or home range boundry was detected. While home ranges overlapped substancially, use of common core spaces was temporally seperated, with tagged animals being located 1.9 km or more apart during the smae day. Spatial analysis indicated that 47-55% of use occured within only 6-15% of total home area. The snow leopards shared a common core use area, which was located at a major stream confuence in an area where topography, habitat and prey abundance appeared to be more favorable. A young female used her core area least, a female with two cubs to the greatest extent. the core area was marked significantly more with scrapes, Faeces and other sighn than non-core sites, suggesting that social marking plays an important role in spacing individuals. Snow leopards showed a strong preference for bedding in steep, rocky or broken terrain, on or close to a natural vegetation or landform edge. linear landform features, such as a cliff or major ridgeline, were preferred for travelling and day time resting. This behavior would tend to place a snow leopard close to its preferred prey, blue sheep (Psuedois nayaur), which uses the same habitat at night. Marking was concetrated along commonly travelled routes, particularly river bluffs, cliff ledges and well defined ridgelines bordering stream confluences--features that were most abundant within the core area. Such marking may facilitate mutual avoidance, help maintain the species' solitary social structure, and also enable a relatively high density of snow leopard, especially within high-quality habitat.
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Publisher University of London Place of Publication University of London Editor
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Notes Date of Copyright: 1996 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 275 Serial 481
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Snow Cats of Nepal's Langue Gorge Type Journal Article
Year 1987 Publication Animal Kingdom Abbreviated Journal
Volume 4 Issue (up) Pages 44-53
Keywords Nepal; tracking; home-range; habitat; home range; home; range; browse; 3630; snow; Cats; cat; gorge
Abstract Anecdotal account with some general research results of a four year tracking study of the snow leopard in Nepal's Langu valley
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 111 Serial 439
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Author Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.
Title A high altitude survey of the Hongu valley with special emphasis on snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year 1987 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords Hongu; Nepal; habitat; distribution; browse; 2360
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Notes Unpublished report submitted to The Mountain Institute and Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal. Date of Copyright: 1987 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 109 Serial 438
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Author Jackson, R.; Hillard, D.
Title Tracking the elusive snow leopard Type Journal Article
Year 1986 Publication National Geographic Abbreviated Journal
Volume 169 Issue (up) Pages 792
Keywords tracking; Jackson; Hillard; browse; 1190
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 101 Serial 437
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Author Jackson, R.; Wangchuk, R.
Title A Community-Based Approach to Mitigating Livestock Depredation by Snow Leopards Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication Human Dimensions of Wildlife Abbreviated Journal
Volume 9 Issue (up) Pages 307-315
Keywords snow leopard,depredation,human-wildlife conflict,participatory planning,India; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; endangered; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Himalayan; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; attack; sheep; goats; goat; local; villagers; community-based; conservation; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; India; conflict; pens; income; participatory; strategy; planning; sense; project; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; protection; retaliatory; poaching
Abstract Livestock depredation by the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an increasingly contentious issue in Himalayan villages, especially in or near protected areas. Mass attacks in which as many as 100 sheep and goats are killed in a single incident inevitably result in retaliation by local villagers. This article describes a community-based conservation initiative to address this problem in Hemis National Park, India. Human-wildlife conflict is alleviated by predator-proofing villagers' nighttime livestock pens and by enhancing household incomes in environmentally sensitive and culturally compatible ways. The authors have found that the highly participatory strategy described here (Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action-APPA) leads to a sense of project ownership by local stakeholders, communal empowerment, self-reliance, and willingness to co-exist with

snow leopards. The most significant conservation outcome of this process is the protection from retaliatory poaching of up to five snow leopards for every village's livestock pens that are made predator-proof.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 890 Serial 471
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Aboriginal hunting in West Nepal with reference to musk deer (Moschus moschiferous) and the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1979 Publication Biol.Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 16 Issue (up) Pages 63-72
Keywords Nepal; hunting; poaching; predator; prey; browse; 3720
Abstract Describes local hunting methods,economics of hunting and estimated impact on snow leopard populations. Comments on conservation measures taken by government of Nepal
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 55 Serial 433
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Threatened Cats of Asia; Snow Leopard Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Wildlife Abbreviated Journal
Volume 20 Issue (up) Pages 403-405
Keywords asia; Nepal; browse; 3120
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 42 Serial 432
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Author Jackson, R.
Title People-Wildlife Conflict Management in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal Tibet's Biodiversity: Conservation and Management.Proceedings of a Conference, August 30-September 4
Volume Issue (up) Pages 40-46
Keywords conflict; conflict management; management; Qomolangma; nature; preserve; Tibet; primary; Report; conflicts; damage; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; reserve; protected; endangered; endangered mammals; mammals; biodiversity; conservation
Abstract The primary objective of this paper is to report on people-wildlife conflicts arising from crop damage and livestock depredation in the Qomolangma Reserve, with special reference to the management of protected and endangered mammals.
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Publisher Tibet Forestry Department and World Wide Fund for Nature. China Forestry Publishing House. Place of Publication China Editor Ning, W.; Miller, D.; Zhu, L.; Springer, J.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title Tibet's Biodiversity: Conservation and Management.
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Notes 188 pages in proceedings. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1013 Serial 461
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Community Participation: Tools and Examples Type Conference Article
Year 2000 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 1-9
Keywords community; workshop; wildlife; India; us; Himalayan; biodiversity; project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trust; management; planning; trans-himalayan; transhimalayan; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; 2000; leh; Ladakh
Abstract In response to dwindling wildlife populations and habitat, governments established national parks and protected areas, often with little input from people living in the immediate area. In some cases communities were relocated, but in most they are left to pursue traditional agricultural and pastoral livelihoods under a new set of rules. Important questions of land tenure remained unresolved, with a “fences and fines” approach to protected area management (Stolton and Dudley 1999).
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title Management Planning Workshop for the Trans-Himalayan Protected Areas, 25-29 August, 2000, Leh, Ladak
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Notes Workshop sponsored by the Wildlife Institute of India, US Fish and Wildlife Service Himalayan Biodiversity project, andInternational Snow Leopard Trust Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1020 Serial 467
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Author Jackson, R.M.
Title Snow Leopards in Nepal Type Journal Article
Year 1979 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal
Volume 15 Issue (up) Pages 191-195
Keywords Nepal; status; distribution; conservation; hunting; hunters; poaching; pelts; fur; coat; browse; 2160
Abstract Reviews in detail occurence, status, and conservation measures related to snow leopards in Nepal. Estimates 150-300 snow leopards in Nepal. Local hunters can get 10 to 50 US dollars for a pelt
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 50 Serial 477
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Author Jackson, R.
Title On the trail of the elusive snow leopard Type Journal Article
Year 1986 Publication World Wildlife Fund Monthly Report Abbreviated Journal
Volume May Issue (up) Pages 127-132
Keywords Wwf; Nepal; asia; browse; world-wildlife-fund; 3130
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 92 Serial 435
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Author Jackson, R.
Title Pakistan's Community-based Trophy Hunting Programs and Their Relationship to Snow Leopard Conservation Type Manuscript
Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords Pakistan; community-based; hunting; programs; program; Relationship; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; network
Abstract In June-July 2004, the Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC) recently conducted field visits to three important snow leopard sites in Pakistan's Northern Areas: Hushey and Skoyo villages in Baltistan and the Khunjerab Village Organization (KVO) in Gojal. The purpose was to launch environmentally appropriate small-scale, village-based conservation and depredation alleviation initiatives aimed at protecting snow leopards, prey species, their habitats and associated mountain biodiversity, while benefiting humans at the same time.
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Notes For consideration by The Snow Leopard Network (SLN) Committee on Position Statements Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1024 Serial 472
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Author Gundersen, S.; Jackson, R.
Title Snow Leopard in Nepal Type Book Whole
Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 1-24
Keywords snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Nepal; Wwf; program; Support; parks; park; wildlife; conservation; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor Gundersen, S.
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Notes WWF Nepal Program prepared booklet with support of Department of Natural Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Nepal, and the International Snow Leopard Trust. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1002 Serial 361
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Author Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D.
Title Surveying Snow Leopard Populations with Emphasis on Camera Trapping: A Handbook Type Book Whole
Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 1-73
Keywords snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; populations; population; camera; camera trapping; trapping
Abstract This handbook provides an introduction to snow leopard population survey techniques, followed by a detailed account of camera trapping methods.During the 2002 through 2004 winter field seasons, the Snow Leopard Conservancy experimented with infrared camera trapping techniques to define a methodology suitable for the high altitude environment.

In 2001 and 2002, much of our time was spent familiarizing ourselves with various infrared camera traps, their operation and setup, and comparing the effectiveness of different models and sensor types. We placed infrared camera traps along frequently used travel corridors at or near scent-sprayed rocks (rock scents) and scrape sites within 16 km2 sampling cells between January and March in 2003 and 2004. A total of 66 and 49 captures of snow leopards were tallied during 2003 and 2004, resulting in an overall capture success of 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights, respectively. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.46. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 ± 0.22 individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 ± 0.16 in 2004, with the disparity between years largely attributed to different trapping densities. Snow leopard abundance estimates were calculated using the computer program CAPTURE.
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Publisher The Snow Leopard Conservancy Place of Publication Sonoma, California Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
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Notes English version. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1016 Serial 474
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Author Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R.
Title Marking in Wild Snow Leopards: A preliminary assesment Type Miscellaneous
Year 1987 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume No. 13 Issue (up) Pages
Keywords estrus; estrual-cycle; reserach; behavior; scrapes; sprays; Langu-Gorge; Langu; China; browse; 4800
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Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 467 Serial 36
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