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Author |
Brown, J.L.; Wasser, S.K.; Wildt, D.E.; Graham, L.H. |
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Title |
Comparative Aspects of Steroid Hormone Metabolism and Ovarian Activity in Felids, Measured Noninvasively in Feces |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Biol Reprod |
Abbreviated Journal |
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51 |
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4 |
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776-786 |
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Animal; Carbon; Radioisotopes; Carnivora; Cats; Chromatography; High; Pressure; Liquid; Comparative Study; Estradiol; metabolism; Estrone; feces; chemistry; Female; Ovary; physiology; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Pseudopregnancy; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; non; government; gov't; us; 170 |
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Noninvasive fecal assays were used to study steroid metabolism and ovarian activity in several felid species. Using the domestic cat (Felis catus) as model, the excretory products of injected [14C]estradiol (E2) and [14C]progesterone (P4) were determined. Within 2 days, 97.0 +/- 0.6% and 96.7 +/- 0.5% of recovered E2 and P4 radioactivity, respectively, was found in feces. E2 was excreted as unconjugated estradiol and estrone (40%) and as a non-enzyme- hydrolyzable conjugate (60%). P4 was excreted primarily as non-enzyme- hydrolyzable, conjugated metabolites (78%) and as unconjugated pregnenolone epimers. A simple method for extracting fecal steroid metabolites optimized extraction efficiencies of the E2 and P4 excretion products (90.1 +/- 0.8% and 87.2 +/- 1.4%, respectively). Analysis of HPLC fractions of extracted fecal samples from the radiolabel-injected domestic cats revealed that E2 immunoreactivity coincided primarily with the unconjugated metabolized [14C]E2 peak, whereas progestogen immunoreactivity coincided with a single conjugated epimer and multiple unconjugated pregnenolone epimers. After HPLC separation, similar immunoreactive E2 and P4 metabolite profiles were observed in the leopard cat (F. bengalensis), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), and snow leopard (Panthera uncia). Longitudinal analyses demonstrated that changes in fecal E2 and P4 metabolite concentrations reflected natural or artificially induced ovarian activity. For example, severalfold increases in E2 excretion were associated with overt estrus or exogenous gonadotropin treatment, and elevated fecal P4 metabolite concentrations occurred during pregnant and nonpregnant (pseudopregnant) luteal phases. Although overall concentrations were similar, the duration of elevated fecal P4 metabolites during pseudopregnancy was approximately half that observed during pregnancy. In summary, steroid metabolism mechanisms appear to be conserved among these physically diverse, taxonomically related species. Results indicate that this hormone-monitoring approach will be extremely useful for elucidating the hormonal regulatory mechanism associated with the reproductive cycle, pregnancy, and parturition of intractable and endangered felid species. |
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0006-3363 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 251 |
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198 |
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Johnston, L.A.; Donoghue, A.M.; O'Brien, S.J.; Wildt, D.E. |
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Title |
Rescue and maturation in vitro of follicular oocytes collected from nondomestic felid species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
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Biol Reprod |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
898-906 |
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Keywords |
Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; physiology; Cells; Cultured; Female; Fertilization; Vitro; inVitro; Male; Oocytes; cytology; growth; development; ovarian; Follicle; Spermatozoa; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 230 |
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The potential for rescuing immature oocytes from the ovaries of females of rare felid species which die or undergo medical ovariohysterectomy was evaluated. Ovaries were recovered from 13 species representing 35 individuals in good-to-poor health. Although the majority of females were 10 yr of age or older and in fair-to-poor health, a total of 846 oocytes were recovered of which 608 (71.9%) were classified as fair-to- excellent quality. One hundred of these oocytes were used for initial maturation classification and as parthogenetic controls. Overall, of the 508 fair-to-excellent quality oocytes placed in culture, 164 (32.3%) matured to metaphase II in vitro. For species in which 3 or more individuals yielded oocytes, mean oocyte maturation rates were as follows: 36.2%, tiger; 27.9% leopard; and 8.3%, cheetah. In vitro insemination of oocytes resulted in fertilization (2 polar bodies, 2 pronuclei, or cleavage) rates of 9.1% to 28.6% (leopard) using homologous fresh spermatozoa and 4.0% (lion) to 40.0% (puma) using homologous frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Inseminations using heterologous (domestic cat) spermatozoa also resulted in fertilized oocytes in the tiger, leopard, snow leopard, puma, serval, and Geoffroy's cat (range in fertilization rate, 5.0% for leopard to 46.2% for puma). Cleaved embryos resulted from the insemination of leopard oocytes with homologous sperm (n = 1 embryo) and puma oocytes with domestic cat sperm (n = 3 embryos). These results demonstrate that immature ovarian oocytes from rare felid species can be stimulated to mature in vitro despite an excision-to-culture interval as long as 36 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
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0006-3363 |
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Document Type: eng |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 172 |
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503 |
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Author |
Karesh, W.B.; Kunz, L.L. |
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Title |
Bilateral testicular seminoma in a snow leopard |
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1986 |
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J Am Vet Med Assoc |
Abbreviated Journal |
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189 |
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9 |
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1201 |
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Animal; Carnivora; Case Report; Dysgerminoma; pathology; veterinary; Male; Testicular; neoplasms; Testis; browse; 300 |
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0003-1488 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 98 |
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514 |
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Author |
Mainka, S.A. |
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Title |
Bilateral separation of the olecranon and proximal epiphysis from the ulnar diaphysis in a snow leopard cub |
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Journal Article |
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1986 |
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J Am Vet Med Assoc |
Abbreviated Journal |
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189 |
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9 |
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1204-1205 |
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Animal; Carnivora; injuries; Case-Report; Epiphyses; Forelimb; Male; Ulna; browse; 290 |
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0003-1488 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 97 |
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636 |
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Paul, H.A.; Bargar, W.L.; Leininger, R. |
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Title |
Total hip replacement in a snow leopard |
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Journal Article |
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1985 |
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J Am Vet Med Assoc |
Abbreviated Journal |
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187 |
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11 |
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1262-1263 |
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Animal; Carnivora; surgery; Case; Report; Hip; Dislocation; veterinary; Prosthesis; Male; browse; 310 |
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0003-1488 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 82 |
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760 |
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Author |
White, S.D.; Stannard, A.A.; Ihrke, P.J.; Rosser, E.J. |
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Therapy of demodicosis in snow leopard challenged |
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1981 |
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J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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178 |
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9 |
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877-878 |
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Amoxicillin: therapeutic use; Animal; Animals; zoo; Calcium: therapeutic use; Carnivora; Mite Infestations: drug therapy; veterinary; Sulfides: therapeutic use; Thiosulfates: therapeutic use; amoxicillin; therapeutic; calcium; mite; infestations; drug; therapy; drug therapy; sulfides; thiosulfates; browse; use; 360 |
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0003-1488 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 57 |
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1020 |
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Pollock, R.V.; Carmichael, L.E. |
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Use of modified live feline panleukopenia virus vaccine to immunize dogs against canine parvovirus |
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Journal Article |
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1983 |
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Am J Vet Res |
Abbreviated Journal |
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44 |
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2 |
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169-175 |
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Animal; Antibodies; Viral; biosynthesis; Dog; Diseases; microbiology; prevention; control; Dogs; Dose; Response; Relationship; Immunologic; Parvoviridae; immunology; Parvovirus; Feline; growth; development; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; Vaccines; Attenuated; Virus; veterinary; Replication; browse; 350 |
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Modified live feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) vaccine protected dogs against canine parvovirus (CPV) infection. However, unlike the long- lived (greater than or equal to 20-month) immunity engendered by CPV infection, the response of dogs to living FPLV was variable. Doses of FPLV (snow leopard strain) in excess of 10(5.7) TCID50 were necessary for uniform immunization; smaller inocula resulted in decreased success rates. The duration of immunity, as measured by the persistence of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody, was related to the magnitude of the initial response to vaccination; dogs with vigorous initial responses resisted oronasal CPV challenge exposure 6 months after vaccination, and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies persisted in such dogs for greater than 1 year. Limited replication of FPLV in dogs was demonstrated, but unlike CPV, the feline virus did not spread to contact dogs or cats. Adverse reactions were not associated with living FPLV vaccination, and FPLV did not interfere with simultaneous response to attenuated canine distemper virus. |
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0002-9645 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 69 |
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784 |
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Author |
Berenstein, F. |
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Title |
The snow leopard. Fusion in an Elaborated Delusional Fantasy |
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1984 |
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Am J Psychoanal |
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44 |
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4 |
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377-397 |
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Adolescence; Case; Report; Countertransference; Psychology; Divorce; Fantasy; Gender; Identity; Human; Male; Parent-Child; Relations; Professional-Patient; Psychoanalytic Interpretation; Psychoanalytic; therapy; Psychosexual; development; Transference; parent; child; professional; patient; interpretation; browse; 340 |
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0002-9548 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 68 |
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130 |
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Author |
Adil, A. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Afghanistan |
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Conference Article |
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1997 |
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35-38 |
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Afghanistan; conservation; status; Palang-i-Barfi; Hindu-kush; Pamir; Ajar; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; hunting; poaching; skin; fur; pelt; coat; distribution; ibex; Marco-Polo; sheep; markhor; predator; prey; protected-area; marco; polo; hindu; kush; browse; 2460 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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English |
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Full Text Available at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 298 |
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34 |
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Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Marking in Wild Snow Leopards: A preliminary assesment |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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No. 13 |
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estrus; estrual-cycle; reserach; behavior; scrapes; sprays; Langu-Gorge; Langu; China; browse; 4800 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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English |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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SLN @ rana @ 467 |
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36 |
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