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Author |
Bo, W. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Smuggling Aborted |
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Miscellaneous |
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2000 |
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China; hunting; poaching; trade; pelts; skins; coats; fur; bones; meat; browse; 4010 |
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Xining, China Daily, Jan. 31--Police have detained a man for trying to smuggle two dead snow leopards, an endangered species under State protection, through the Xining Railway Station in Northwest China's Qinghai Province. Ma Deliang was stopped by police after he attempted to pass the butchered snow leopards off as beef at a shop in Sichuan Province. Ma later confessed that he bought the dead snow leopards at a local market and wanted to smuggle them to Deyang in Sichuan Province. Police also searched Ma's home and found dear heads, antlers and lynx and fox furs. Snow leopards live in highlands of altitudes between 3,000 to 6,000 metres above sea level. The population of the species has dwindled greatly since the 19th century. |
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SLN @ rana @ 376 |
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176 |
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Fox, J. |
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Title |
A Review of the Status and Ecology of the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) |
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1989 |
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5440; status; ecology; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Booklet |
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SLN @ rana @ 528 |
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285 |
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Author |
Oli, M.K. |
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Title |
Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio |
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Year |
1994 |
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Journal of Mammalogy |
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75 |
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4 |
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998-1004 |
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Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator |
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I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators. |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: 599.05 JO |
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SLN @ rana @ 236 |
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746 |
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O'Brien, S.J. |
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Title |
Tears of the Cheetah: And Other Tales from the Genetic Frontier |
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2003 |
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1-287 |
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5540 |
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Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press |
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New York |
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SLN @ rana @ 538 |
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732 |
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Desch, C. |
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A new species of hair follicle mite (Acari: Demodecidae) from the snow leopard, Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) (Felidae) |
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1993 |
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International Journal of Acarology |
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19 |
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1 |
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63-67 |
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snow-leopard; mites; mite; zoo; zoos; veterinary; medical; medicine; snow leopard; browse; 1440 |
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A new species of Demodex is described, in all instars, from the rare and endangered snow leopard, Panthera uncia. This represents only the second demodecid from the family Felidae and the first from a wild cat species. The mite specimens were taken from juvenile hosts raised in captivity. Demodex uncii sp. nov. closely resembles Demodex cati. |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 190 |
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236 |
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Novikov, G.A. |
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Carnivorous mammals of the fauna of the USSR |
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Book Whole |
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1962 |
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Ussr; Russia; ecology; distribution; skull-illustration; Soviet-Union; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; skull illustrations; skull; illustrations; 3140 |
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Brief review of physical characteristics, (skull illustration) ecology and distribution |
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Zool. Inst. Acad. Sci. |
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Ussr |
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Translated 1962, Isreali Program for Scientific Translations, Washington D.C. |
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SLN @ rana @ 16 |
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728 |
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Author |
Schaller, G.B. |
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Title |
Mountain mammals in Pakistan |
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Journal Article |
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1976 |
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Oryx |
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13 |
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351-356 |
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Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240 |
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Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 33 |
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863 |
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Cai, G.; Liu, Y.; O'Gara, B.W. |
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Observations of large mammals in the Qaidam Basin and its peripheral mountainous area in the Peoples Republic of China |
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1990 |
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Canadadian J.Zool. |
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68 |
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2021-2024 |
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China; Qaidam; browse; 3340 |
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SLN @ rana @ 156 |
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206 |
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Samant S.S.; Dhar U.; Rawal R.S. |
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Biodiversity status of a protected area in West Himalaya: Askot Wildlife Sanctuary |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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International Journal Of Sustainable Development And World Ecology |
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5 |
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3 |
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194-203 |
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diversity; native; endemic; agroforestry; threatened; conservation; Kumaun Himalaya; India; browse; Himalaya; 540 |
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Biodiversity of a protected area of West Himalaya (Askot Wildlife Sanctuary) was studied and analysed for landscape, faunal and floral diversity. The forest and pasture land, ideal habitats for the flora and fauna, covered nearly 52% and 12%, respectively, of total reported area. Among the fauna Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster), thar (Himitragus jemlahicus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), koklas (Pucrassia macrolophas), monal (Lophophorus impejanus) and snow cock (Tetragalus tibetanus) are threatened species. Plant diversity is represented by 1262 species of vascular plants (Angiosperm 1112, Gymnosperm 7, Pteridophytes 143 taxa). Diversity of the species within families, genera, habitats, communities and along vertical gradient zone was analysed. Maximum diversity existed in the family Orchidaceae (120 taxa), genera Polystichum (13 taxa), altitude zone (1001-2000 m; 860 taxa), habitat (forest; 623 taxa) and community (Banj oak: 92 taxa). Seventy-one families were found to be monotypic. Species were further analysed for ethnobotanical use (medicine: 70, edible: 55, fodder: 115, fuel: 31, house building: 13 etc.), domesticated diversity (crops: 19, vegetables: 26, fruits: 16),agroforestry or marginal, threatened and endemic diversity. Similarity in species composition within the habitats indicated maximum similarity in areas of shrubberies and alpine meadows/slopes (71.65%) and exposed open/grassy slopes and shady moist places (47.32%). 432 (34.2%) taxa are native to Indian Himalaya of which 24 are endemic and 235 are near endemics. 65.8% of taxa are represented in the neighbouring areas and other regions of the globe. Ten taxa occurring in the Sanctuary have been already recorded in the Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Conservation and management of species is focused. |
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Publisher: PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP, CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 350 |
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841 |
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Johnson, W.E.; Dratch, P.A.; Martenson, J.S.; O'Brien, S.J. |
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Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation |
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Journal Article |
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1996 |
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Journal of Mammalian Evolution |
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3 |
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2 |
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97-120 |
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Evolution; Evolutionary-Lineages; Mitochondrial-Dna; Mitochondrial-Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism-Variation; phylogeny; Recent-Radiations; Restriction-Enzymes; Tigrina; snow-leopard; browse; evolutionary; lineages; mitochondrial; Dna; restriction; fragment; length; polymorphism; variation; radiation; enzymes; recent; recent radiation; 1340 |
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Patterns of mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation were used to resolve more recent relationships among the species of the Felidae ocelot lineage, domestic cat lineage, and pantherine lineage. Twenty-five of 28 restriction enzymes revealed site variation in at least 1 of 21 cat species. The ocelot lineage was resolved into three separate sister taxa groups: Geoffroy's cat (Oncifelis geoffroyi) and kodkod (O. guigna), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii), and pampas cat (Lynchailurus colocolo) and most of the tigrina samples (Leopardus tigrina). Within the domestic cat lineage, domestic cat (Felis catus), European wild cat (F. silvestris), and African wild cat (F. libyca) formed a monophyletic trichotomy, which was joined with sand cat (F. margarita) to a common ancestor. Jungle cat (F. chaus) and black-footed cat (F. nigripes) mtDNAs diverged earlier than those of the other domestic cat lineage species and are less closely related. Within the pantherine lineage, phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct groups, uniting lion (P. leo) with leopard (P. pardus) and tiger (P. tigris) with snow leopard (P. uncia). |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: QL708.5 J68 |
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SLN @ rana @ 276 |
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501 |
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Mishra, C. |
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Socio-economic transition and wildlife conservation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya |
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2000 |
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Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |
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97 |
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1 |
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25-32 |
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economics; economy; conservation; Himalaya; trans-himalaya; India; Ladakh; browse; transhimalaya; 1940 |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 388 |
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691 |
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Karesh, W.B.; Asterino, R. |
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Mandibular osteomyelitis in a snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) with a review of osteomyelitis in other species and man |
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1988 |
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Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine |
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19 |
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3 |
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137-142 |
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osteomyelitis; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; browse; 1540 |
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Addresses:KARESH WB, WOODLAND PK ZOOL GARDENS,5500 PHINNEY AVE N,SEATTLE,WA 98103AVIAN & EXOT ANIM HOSP,HAWTHORNE,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 132 |
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516 |
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Fox, J.L. |
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Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh |
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1997 |
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Cat News |
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17 |
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18 |
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asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640 |
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During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh. |
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AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997
Document Type: English
Call Number: WR99-007446 |
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SLN @ rana @ 309 |
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310 |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Title |
Distribution and Status of the Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Tiger Paper |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
Vii |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
115-120 |
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Keywords |
distribution; status; conservation; browse; 2140 |
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Notes |
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 49 |
Serial |
148 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. |
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Title |
Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Int.Zoo Yearbook |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
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Pages |
212-217 |
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Keywords |
breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park |
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Abstract |
Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 31 |
Serial |
535 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
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Title |
Nature Reserves of the Himalaya and the Mountains of Central Asia |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Himalaya; asia; parks; park; refuge; reserve; reserves; protected-areas; browse; protected; areas; 2640 |
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IUCN, Cambridge and Oxford University Press |
Place of Publication |
New Delhi |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 196 |
Serial |
349 |
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Author |
Wangchuk, T.R. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard: Its Management with Emphasis on Bhutan |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Keywords |
Bhutan; management; browse; 2440 |
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Notes |
Unpublished report. Date of Copyright: 1992 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 195 |
Serial |
1006 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Rothschild, B.M.; Rothschild, C.; Woods, R.J. |
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Title |
Inflammatory arthritis in large cats: An expanded spectrum of spondyloarthropathy |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
279-284 |
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Keywords |
Acinonyx-jubatus; cheetah; Felidae; Felis-concolor; mountain-lion; Felis-pardalis; ocelot; Panthera-leo; African-lion; Panthera-onca; jaguar; Panthera-pardus; leopard; Panthera-tigris; tiger; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Acinonyx; jubatus; felis; concolor; mountain; lion; pardalis; panthera; leo; african; onca; pardus; tigris; uncia; browse; 1240 |
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Abstract |
Spondyloarthropathy was documented for the first time in 14 (3.7%) of 386 large cats, affecting eight species belonging to three genera. The limited distribution of joint erosions, associated with spine and sacroiliac joint pathology, was indistinguishable from that occurring in humans with spondyloarthropathy of the reactive type. This form of inflammatory arthritis is almost twice as common as osteoarthritis (for felids as a whole), and animal well-being may be enhanced by its recognition and by initiation of specific treatment. |
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Notes |
Document Type: English |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 353 |
Serial |
832 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Yang, Q.S.; Feng, Z.J. |
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Title |
Snow Leopards Uncia Uncia |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
132-135 |
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Keywords |
5640 |
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Science Press |
Place of Publication |
Beijing |
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Notes |
Medium Designator: China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals: Mammalia |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 548 |
Serial |
1051 |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
Indian Wildlife Protection Act |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
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Keywords |
conservation; protection; India; browse; 1840; indian; wildlife |
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Notes |
Natraj Publishers, Dehradun, India
Date of Meeting: (1992)
Date of Copyright: 1992 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 179 |
Serial |
76 |
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Author |
Gvozdev, E.V.; Aliev, S.J. |
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Title |
Red Data Book of Kazakh SSR |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
5400 |
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Kainar Publishing House |
Place of Publication |
Alma-Ata |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 524 |
Serial |
366 |
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Author |
Roth, T.L.; Swanson, W.F.; Wildt, D.E. |
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Title |
Snow leopard (Panthera unica) sperm longevity in vitro is not influenced by protein or energy source supplements but is affected by buffer source |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Theriogenology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
309 |
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Keywords |
genetics; Sperm; captivity; medical; medicine; veterinary; zoo; breeding; browse; 1400 |
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Notes |
Annual Conference of the International Embryo Transfer Society, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, January 8-10, 1995
Document Type: English
Call Number: QP251 .T44 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 280 |
Serial |
829 |
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Author |
Pohl, J. |
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Title |
Tracking the Big Cat |
Type |
Newspaper Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Juneau Empire (AK) |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
5 |
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Keywords |
poaching; hunting; medicine; habitat; parks; reserve; refuge; pelt; fur; coat; McCarthy; Tom; Mongolia; bones; bone; browse; 1140 |
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Abstract |
Juneau biologist Tom McCarthy will make one last trip to Mongolla to finish researching snow leopards – which are poached for their pelts and killed for the medicinal value of their bones – so he can recommend ways to preserve the elusive animals and their habitat |
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Place of Publication |
Juneau, AK |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 294 |
Serial |
777 |
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Author |
Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association |
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Title |
Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association Report March 2010 |
Type |
Manuscript |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
nature; tourism; surveys; survey; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; attack; domestic; Animals; Animal; illegal; illegal hunting; hunting; territory; province; 2010; hunt; 1990; movements; movement; pasture; desert; number; species; birds; river; mountain; hunters; hunter; recent; government; structure; management; national; central; people; Report; gobi; Gobi Desert; reproduction; Adult; meat; food; ibex; wild; wild sheep; sheep; marmot; nutrition; schools; population; use; local; big; big game; big-game; game; 310; mountains; wolves; wolf; Seasons; times; zones; global; Mongolia; 40; history; ecology |
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Abstract |
In accordance with order of the Ministry of Nature and Tourism,
zoologists of our association have made surveys in three ways such as
reasons why snow leopards attack domestic animals, “Snow leopard” trial
operation to count them and illegal hunting in territories of Khovd,
Gobi-Altai, Bayankhongor, Uvurkhangai and Umnugobi provinces from
September 2009 to January 2010. As result of these surveys it has made
the following conclusions in the followings: Reason to hunt them illegally: the principal reason is that
administrative units have been increased and territories of
administrative units have been diminished. There have been four
provinces in 1924 to 1926, 18 since 1965, 21 since 1990. Such situation
limits movements of herdsmen completely and pastures digressed much than
ever before. As result of such situation, 70% of pastures become desert.
Such digression caused not only heads of animals and also number of
species. Guarantee is that birds such as owls, cuckoo, willow grouse in
banks of Uyert river, Burkhanbuudai mountain, located in Biger soum,
Gobi-Altai province, which are not hunted by hunters, are disappearing
in the recent two decades. For that reason we consider it is urgently
necessary for the government to convert administrative unit structures
into four provinces. This would influence herdsmen moving across
hundreds km and pastures could depart from digression.
Second reason: cooperative movement won. The issues related to management and strengthening of national
cooperatives, considered by Central Committee of Mongolian People's
Revolutionary Party in the meeting in March 1953 was the start of
cooperatives' movement. Consideration by Yu. Tsedenbal, chairman of
Ministers Council, chairman of the MPRP, on report “Result of to unify
popular units and some important issues to maintain entity management of
agricultural cooperatives” in the fourth meeting by the Central
Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party /MPRP/ on December
16-17, 1959, proclaimed complete victory of cooperative. At the end of
1959, it could unify 767 small cooperative into 389 ones, unify 99.3 %
of herdsmen and socialize 73.3 % of animals. The remaining of animals
amount 6 million 163 thousands animals, and equals to 26.7% of total
animals. This concerned number of animals related to the article
mentioned that every family should have not more that 50 animals in
Khangai zone and not more 75 animals in Gobi desert. It shows that such
number could not satisfy needs of family if such number is divided into
five main animals in separating with reproduction animals and adult
animals. So herdsmen started hunt hoofed animals secretly and illegally
in order to satisfy their meat needs. Those animals included main food
of snow leopard such as ibex, wild sheep, and marmot. Third reason is that the state used to hunt ibex, which are main
nutrition of snow leopards, every year. The administrative unit of the
soum pursued policy to hunt ibex in order to provide meat needs of
secondary schools and hospitals. That's why this affected decrease of
ibex population. Preciously from 1986 to 1990 the permissions to hunt
one thousands of wild sheep and two thousands of ibexes were hunt for
domestic alimentary use every year. Not less than 10 local hunters of every soum used to take part in big
game of ibexes. Also they hunted many ibexes, chose 3-10 best ibexes and
hid them in the mountains for their consummation during hunting.
Fourth reason: hunting of wolves. Until 1990 the state used to give
prizes to hunter, who killed a wolf in any seasons of the year. Firstly
it offered a sheep for the wolf hunter and later it gave 25 tugrugs /15
USD/. Every year, wolf hunting was organized several times especially
picking wolf-cubs influenced spread and population of wolves. So snow
leopard came to the places where wolves survived before and attack
domestic animals. Such situation continued until 1990. Now population of
ibexes has decreased than before 1990 since the state stopped hunting
wolves, population of wolves increased in mountainous zones. We didn't
consider it had been right since it was natural event. However
population of ibexes decreased. Fifth reason: Global warming. In recent five years it has had a drought
and natural disaster from excessive snow in the places where it has
never had such natural disasters before. But Mongolia has 40 million
heads of domestic animals it has never increased like such quantity in
its history before. We consider it is not incorrect that decrease of
domestic animals could give opportunities to raise population of wild
animals. Our next survey is to make attempt to fix heads of snow leopards
correctly with low costs. |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1100 |
Serial |
705 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Pokrovskiy V.S. |
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Title |
Snow leopard, or irbis |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
82-98 |
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Keywords |
Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; number; use; protection.; 7940; Russian |
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Abstract |
It considers biology of snow leopard, provides data concerning its number and distribution, and shows environment correlation of the predator. Besides, it describes the ways of catching snow leopards, and conditions under which it can be kept in enclosures. Precise recommendations for the species protection are given. |
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Notes |
Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Large mammals. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 772 |
Serial |
780 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
