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Author Oli, M.K.
Title Winter home range of snow leopards in Nepal Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal
Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 355-360
Keywords homerange; winter; Nepal; Uncia uncia; densities; distribution; habitat; browse; uncia; home-range; home; range; 600
Abstract Because of their low densities, sparse distribution, elusive behavior, and the precipitous habitat they occupy, snow leopards (Uncia uncia) have been the subject of limited study. This study contributes to that limited database with an investigation of the winter home range of 3 radio-collared snow leopards (2 females and 1 male) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Winter home ranges varied from 13.9-22.3 km2 (x = 19.1). Home ranges overlapped extensively within and between sexes, and an area of 8.1 km2 in the core study site was shared by all three leopards.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 323 Serial 752
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Author Osborne, B.C.; Mallon, D.P.; Fraser, S.J.R.
Title Ladkh, threatened stronghold of rare Himalayan mammals Type Journal Article
Year 1983 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal
Volume 17 Issue Pages 182-189
Keywords Ladakh; India; pelt; coat; hunting; poaching; distribution; skin; livestock; herders; predator; prey; browse; 3290
Abstract Reports the results of seven visits to Ladakh over past five years. The snow leopard occurs throughout Ladakh but is not common. Livestock are often taken in winter. At least five snow leopards were shot in the Suru Valley over the past five years. The pelt is worth about $350 in Srinagar.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 80 Serial 756
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Author Pokrovski, V.S.
Title The Snow Leopard Large Predators Type Book Whole
Year 1976 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Soviet-Union; Russia; Ussr; behavior; ecology; captivity; zoo; zoos; distribution; conservation; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2590
Abstract Detailed review of snow leopard distribution and abundance, behavior, ecology,captive population and conservation measures in the Soviet Union. Estimates a snow leopard population of 300 +/- 150.
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Publisher Place of Publication Moscow Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 35 Serial 778
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Author Prakash, I.
Title Asian predators of livestock Type Journal Article
Year 1985 Publication Parasites, pests and predators.World animal science Abbreviated Journal
Volume B2 Issue Pages 405-410
Keywords predators; asia; snow-leopard; livestock; status; prey; Panthera-uncia; distribution; predator; snow leopard; browse; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 870
Abstract Outlines the distribution, status and predatory behaviour on livestock of Chinese alligator Alligator sinensis, gharial Gavialis gangeticus and several species of Crocodylus and Python; and of wolf Canis lupus, Asiatic jackal C. aureus, dhole (Indian wild dog) Cuon alpinus, brown bear Ursus arctos, Asiatic black bear Selenarctos thibetanus, striped hyaena Hyaena hyaena, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa, leopard (panther) Panthera pardus, tiger P. tigris, lion P. leo, snow leopard P. uncia, other Felidae and Viverridae. -P.J.Jarvis
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Notes ED: Gaafar,-S.M.; et-al. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 84 Serial 791
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Author Roberts, T.J.
Title The Mammals of Pakistan Type Book Whole
Year 1977 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Pakistan; ecology; status; distribution; browse; 2200
Abstract Brief description of physical characteristics, ecology,status, and distribution of snow leopard in Pakistan
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Publisher Ernest Benn Place of Publication London and Tonbridge Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes 156-158 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 38 Serial 825
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Author Sayer, J.A.
Title The conservation of the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in Afghanistan Type Journal Article
Year 1980 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal
Volume 2 Issue Pages 55-61
Keywords Afghanistan; status; distribution; browse; 2490
Abstract Outlines status and distribution as well as recent sightings of snow leopard in Afganastan
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 53 Serial 849
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Author Schaller, G.B.
Title On meeting a Snow Leopard Type Journal Article
Year 1972 Publication Animal Kingdom Abbreviated Journal
Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages 7-13
Keywords Pakistan; ecology; conservation; distribution; livestock; goat; baiting; reserves; reserve; park; parks; refuge; behavior; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected; area; 2220
Abstract Discusses snow leopard distribution, ecology and conservation. Describes baiting (with a domestic goat) of a snow leopard and cub in a game reserve in Northern Pakistan. Incudes a description of the Leopard killing a goat, and observations over a week when the leopards were feeding on the goat baits.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 23 Serial 861
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Author Schaller, G.B.
Title Mountain mammals in Pakistan Type Journal Article
Year 1976 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal
Volume 13 Issue Pages 351-356
Keywords Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240
Abstract Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 33 Serial 863
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Author Scheber
Title Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range Type Miscellaneous
Year 1975 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 17
Keywords Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960
Abstract Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976.
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Notes The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian, Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 28 Serial 872
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Author Taryannikov, V.I.
Title Distribution, biology and current state of the number of the rare predatory mammals in W. Gissar. The Ecology, Protection, and Acclimatization of Vertebrates in Uzbekistan Type Book Whole
Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Uzbekistan; Gissar; distribution; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; browse; soviet union; soviet; union; 2600
Abstract
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Publisher Place of Publication Tashkent Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 89 Serial 958
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Author ud Din, J.
Title Assessing the Status of Snow Leopard in Torkhow Valley, District Chitral, Pakistan: Final Technical Report Type Report
Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-16
Keywords status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; valley; chitral; Pakistan; Report; study; prey; Base; conflict; threats; threat; wildlife; sign; transect; surveys; survey; Slims; Data; number; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Animals; Animal; population; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; area; Case; ungulates; ungulate; Himalayan; himalayan ibex; ibex; rut; using; prey species; prey-species; species; marmot; game; birds; carnivores; carnivore; wolf; wolves; jackal; fox; survival; retaliatory; retaliatory killing; retaliatory-killing; killing; poisoning; poaching; loss; habitat; habitat degradation; habitat-degradation; degradation; grazing; collection; awareness; Gis; map; staff; field; training; conservation; community; distribution; resource; project; network; program
Abstract This study was aimed at assessing the status of Snow leopard, its major prey base, and the extent of human-Snow leopard conflict and major threats to the wildlife in north Chitral (Torkhow valley) Pakistan. Snow leopard occurrence was conformed through sign transect surveys i.e. SLIMS. Based on the data collected the number of Snow leopards in this survey block (1022 Kmý) is estimated to be 2-3 animals. Comparing this estimate with the available data from other parts of the district the population of snow leopard in Chitral district was count to be 36 animals. Livestock depredation reports collected from the area reflect the existence of human-snow leopard conflict and 138 cases were recorded affecting 102 families (in a period of eight years, 2001-2008). Ungulates (Himalayan Ibex) rut season surveys were conducted in coordination with NWFP Wildlife department. A total of 429 animals were counted using direct count (point method) surveys. Other snow leopard prey species recorded include marmot, hare, and game birds. Signs of other carnivores i.e. wolf, jackal, and fox were also noticed. Major threats to the survival of wildlife especially snow leopard reckoned include retaliatory killing (Shooting, Poisoning), poaching, loss of natural prey, habitat degradation (over grazing, fodder and fuel wood collection), lack of awareness, and over population. GIS map of the study area was developed highlighting the area searched for Snow leopard and its prey species. Capacity of the Wildlife Department staff was built in conducting SLIMS and ungulate surveys through class room and on field training. Awareness regarding the importance of wildlife conservation was highlighted to the students, teachers and general community through lectures and distribution of resource materials developed by WWF-Pakistan.
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Notes Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1065 Serial 978
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Author Yang, Q.
Title Further study on the geographical distribution and conservation of snow leopard in Qinghai, P.R. China Type Miscellaneous
Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-7
Keywords China; conservation; distribution; Qinghai; snow leopard; survey
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Notes Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia sinica, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China 810001 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 920 Serial 1049
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Author Zhenhuang, S.
Title Economic Fauna of China Type Book Whole
Year 1964 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords China; status; distribution; hunting; pelts; coats; bones; fur; browse; 3410
Abstract
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Publisher Academia Sinica Press Place of Publication China Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Chinese Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 19 Serial 1077
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Author Zhirnov, L.; Ilyinsky, V.
Title The Great Gobi National Park – a refuge for rare animals of the Central Asian deserts Type Book Whole
Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords gobi; Mongolia; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; distribution; protected-area; browse; 2720
Abstract Discusses snow leopard distribution in Great Gobi National Park
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Publisher Centre for International Projects, GKNT Place of Publication Moscow Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 91 Serial 1081
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Author Zong-Yi, W.; Sung, W.
Title Distribution and recent status of the Felidae in China Type Conference Article
Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 201-209
Keywords Felidae; China; status; distribution; environment; browse; 910
Abstract Thirteen of the 37 existing species of the family Felidae have been recorded in China. These species are widely distributed throughout the country and inhabit a variety of life zones. Over the past several decades, the populations of most species of cats in China have declined due to overharvest and habitat destruction. China has a Protected Wildlife Species List which was initiated in 1962. Some cat species in China are now endangered or may already be extinct while other species or subspecies are threatened. The authors use limited data on the distribution of cats in China to summarize the staus of each species and the problems facing each. Recomendations for new measures to protect cats in China are made.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor D.S.Miller;.D.D.Everett
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN (up) Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Title, Monographic: Cats of the World:Biology, Conservation, and Mangement Place of Meeting: Kingsville, Texas Date of Copyright: 1986 Call Number: 86-31185 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 85 Serial 1092
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Author Singh, R., Krausman, P. R., Pandey, P., Maheshwari, A., Rawal, R. S., Sharma, S., Shekhar, S.
Title Predicting Habitat Suitability of Snow Leopards in the Western Himalayan Mountains, India Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Biology bulletin Abbreviated Journal
Volume 47 Issue 6 Pages 655-664
Keywords biogeographic distribution, climate, endangered cat, MaxEnt, snow leopard
Abstract The population of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is declining

across their range, due to poaching, habitat fragmentation, retaliatory

killing, and a decrease of wild prey species. Obtaining information on

rare and cryptic predators living in remote and rugged terrain is

important for making conservation and management strategies. We used the

Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) ecological niche modeling framework to predict

the potential habitat of snow leopards across the western Himalayan

region, India. The model was developed using 34 spatial species

occurrence points in the western Himalaya, and 26 parameters including,

prey species distribution, temperature, precipitation, land use and land

cover (LULC), slope, aspect, terrain ruggedness and altitude. Thirteen

variables contributed 98.6% towards predicting the distribution of snow

leopards. The area under the curve (AUC) score was high (0.994) for the

training data from our model, which indicates pre- dictive ability of

the model. The model predicted that there was 42432 km2 of potential

habitat for snow leop- ards in the western Himalaya region. Protected

status was available for 11247 km2 (26.5%), but the other 31185 km2

(73.5%) of potential habitat did not have any protected status. Thus,

our approach is useful for predicting the distribution and suitable

habitats and can focus field surveys in selected areas to save

resources, increase survey success, and improve conservation efforts for

snow leopards.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1629
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Author Atzeni, L., Cushman, S. A., Bai, D., Wang, J., Chen, P., Shi, K., Riordan, P.
Title Meta-replication, sampling bias, and multi-scale model selection: A case study on snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in western China. Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Ecology and Evolution Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-27
Keywords MaxEnt, meta-replication, multi-scale, Panthera uncia, sampling bias, scale selection, snow leopard, species distribution model
Abstract Replicated multiple scale species distribution models (SDMs)

have become increasingly important to identify the correct variables

determining species distribution and their influences on ecological

responses. This study explores multi-scale habitat relationships of the

snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in two study areas on the Qinghai–Tibetan

Plateau of western China. Our primary objectives were to evaluate the

degree to which snow leopard habitat relationships, expressed by

predictors, scales of response, and magnitude of effects, were

consistent across study areas or locally landcape-specific. We coupled

univariate scale optimization and the maximum entropy algorithm to

produce multivariate SDMs, inferring the relative suitability for the

species by ensembling top performing models. We optimized the SDMs based

on average omission rate across the top models and ensembles’ overlap

with a simulated reference model. Comparison of SDMs in the two study

areas highlighted landscape-specific responses to limiting factors.

These were dependent on the effects of the hydrological network,

anthropogenic features, topographic complexity, and the heterogeneity of

the landcover patch mosaic. Overall, even accounting for specific local

differences, we found general landscape attributes associated with snow

leopard ecological requirements, consisting of a positive association

with uplands and ridges, aggregated low-contrast landscapes, and large

extents of grassy and herbaceous vegetation. As a means to evaluate the

performance of two bias correction methods, we explored their effects on

three datasets showing a range of bias intensities. The performance of

corrections depends on the bias intensity; however, density kernels

offered a reliable correction strategy under all circumstances. This

study reveals the multi-scale response of snow leopards to environmental

attributes and confirms the role of meta-replicated study designs for

the identification of spatially varying limiting factors. Furthermore,

this study makes important contributions to the ongoing discussion about

the best approaches for sampling bias correction.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1616
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Author
Title Rare Animals and their Protection in the USSR Type Miscellaneous
Year 1978 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 4-4
Keywords Uzbekistan; categories of threat; rare species; snow leopard; distribution; threats.; 8030; Russian
Abstract It described categories of threat (Category A and Category B). Snow leopard was assessed under Category A the species whose numbers and habitats have sharply diminished and are continuing to diminish as a consequence of direct persecution, destruction of their habitat or other causes. The snow leopard (Pardus uncia) inhabits the mountains of the Tien Shan range, Tarbagatai, Saur, Altai and the Sayans. Exploitation of mountain areas and depletion of stocks of wild ungulates (Siberian mountain goats and wild sheep) have led to a sharp reduction in the number of snow leopards. It is estimated that today only about one thousand leopards are left, and they have accordingly been placed under complete protection. Hunting and selective shooting are everywhere prohibited. Catching leopards is regulated by the articles of the international convention restricting trade in rare species of plants and animals.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Uzbekistan's Reservations and Natural Monuments. XIV General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 781 Serial 14
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author
Title Biological diversity conservation. National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 34-35
Keywords Uzbekistan; national strategy and action plan; biodiversity; endangered species; snow leopard; distribution; number; conservation measures.; 6280; Russian
Abstract The National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan was signed on April 1, 1998. Snow leopard was included in the list of rare and endangered animal species and referred to category 2 a rare, not endangered species. It is distributed in highlands of the West Tien Shan and Pamiro-Alay. Its population is 30-50 animals. Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Gissar nature reserve, and Ugam-Chatkal national park.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in Russian Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 606 Serial 17
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Adil, A.
Title Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Afghanistan Type Conference Article
Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 35-38
Keywords Afghanistan; conservation; status; Palang-i-Barfi; Hindu-kush; Pamir; Ajar; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; hunting; poaching; skin; fur; pelt; coat; distribution; ibex; Marco-Polo; sheep; markhor; predator; prey; protected-area; marco; polo; hindu; kush; browse; 2460
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Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication Lahore, Pakistan Editor R.Jackson; A.Ahmad
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full Text Available at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 298 Serial 34
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Author Aizim B.M., S.E.D.
Title Snow leopard Felis uncia Schreb Type Miscellaneous
Year 1969 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 56-59
Keywords Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5920; Russian
Abstract It says about snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan, its distribution, number, food, reproduction, and hunting behavioral patterns, and encounters with human beings. The only enemy of snow leopard is man. From economic point of view snow leopard is of interest only in terms of catching the animals for zoo-export. The skin of snow leopard in commercial trade is of negligent importance. Local population uses the skins for decorating walls, tailoring man's fur coats and sometimes as floor carpets.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game species of Kyrgyzstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 571 Serial 43
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Author Aizin B.M.
Title Siberian ibex Capra sibirica Pall Type Miscellaneous
Year 1969 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 98-105
Keywords Kyrgyzsatn; Siberian ibex; distribution; life history; diet; predators; snow leopard.; 5890; Russian
Abstract It describes status of ibex in Kyrgyzstan, its distribution, behavioral patterns, enemies and competitors, etc. The enemies of ibex are snow leopard and wolf. All year round snow leopard preys on ibex its main food object and, therefore, should there be ibexes, snow leopards would be somewhere around. In winter, a considerable number of ibex dies from wolves. Sometimes dogs prey on ibex, too. Golden eagles and bearded vultures prey on young ibexes. However, poachers remain the most dangerous enemy.
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game species of Kyrgyzstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 568 Serial 44
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Author Aizin B.M.
Title Distribution, number and seasonal behavioral patterns of Panthera uncia Scheber in Kyrgyzstan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1974 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol. 1. Issue Pages 19-20
Keywords Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5900; Russian
Abstract In Kyrgyzstan, snow leopard can be met almost in all mountain ridges (Kok-Kiya, Atbasha, Kyrgyz, Terskey, Kungei, Talas, Chatkal, Alai, Zaalai), where it keeps to alpine meadow, woodless rock and snowfield zones. The number of snow leopard does not exceed 1,500 animals. Seven to 10 animals are annually caught for the needs of zoo-export.
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of the 1st international congress on mammals. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 569 Serial 45
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Author Aizin B.M.
Title Rare predatory mammal species and their protection in Kyrgyzstan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 4-5
Keywords Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; distribution; number; trade.; 5910; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard is met in all mountain ridges in Kyrgyzstan. Every year 7 10 animals are caught for the purpose of zoo export. Total population of snow leopard in the country does not exceed 1,400 animals.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of predatory mammals' protection and sustainable use. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 570 Serial 46
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Author Aizin B.M.
Title Snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 22-23
Keywords Kyrgyzstan; Red Data book; snow leopard; status; distribution; biology; number; fluctuation; protection.; 5930; Russian
Abstract Snow leopard is a rare and endangered species, distributed in all mountain ridges of Kyrgyzstan. Its population is 1,400 animals, density being 0.2 0.5 animal per 1,000 ha. Its population was noticed to decrease in some ridges because of decreasing populations of mountain ungulates. 200 snow leopards were caught for the purpose of zoo-export over the last 20 years. This species is protected in the nature reserves Sary Chelek, Besh Aral, and natural park Ala Archa.
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of the Kyrgyz SSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 572 Serial 47
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