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Author | Alexander, J. S., Agvaantseren, B., Gongor, E., Mijiddorj, T. N., Piaopiao, T., Stephen Redpath, S., Young, J., Mishra, C. | ||||
Title | Assessing the Effectiveness of a Community-based Livestock Insurance Program | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Environmental Management | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Keywords | Large carnivores, Snow leopard conservation, Human-wildlife conflicts, Livestock insurance, Community conservation, Human-wildlife co-existence, Snow leopard | ||||
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Call Number | Serial | 1635 | |||
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Author | Korablev, M. P., Poyarkov, A. D., Karnaukhov, A. S., Zvychaynaya, E. Y., Kuksin, A. N., Malykh, S. V., Istomov, S. V., Spitsyn, S. V., Aleksandrov, D. Y., Hernandez-Blanco, J. A., Munkhtsog, B., Munkhtogtokh, O., Putintsev, N. I., Vereshchagin, A. S., Becmurody, A., Afzunov, S., Rozhnov, V. V. | ||||
Title | Large-scale and fine-grain population structure and genetic diversity of snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber, 1776) from the northern and western parts of the range with an emphasis on the Russian population. | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Conservation Genetics | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Keywords | Snow leopard, Panthera uncia, Microsatellites, Heterozygosity, Population structure, Noninvasive survey, Scat, Subspecies | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard (Panthera uncia Schreber, 1776) population in Russia and Mongolia is situated at the northern edge of the range, where instability of ecological conditions and of prey availability may serve as prerequisites for demographic instability and, consequently, for reducing the genetic diversity. Moreover, this northern area of the species distribution is connected with the western and central parts by only a few small fragments of potential habitats in the Tian-Shan spurs in China and Kazakhstan. Given this structure of the range, the restriction of gene flow between the northern and other regions of snow leopard distribution can be expected. Under these conditions, data on population genetics would be extremely important for assessment of genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow both at regional and large-scale level. To investigate large-scale and fine-grain population structure and levels of genetic diversity we analyzed 108 snow leopards identified from noninvasively collected scat samples from Russia and Mongolia (the northern part of the range) as well as from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (the western part of the range) using panel of eight polymorphic microsatellites. We found low to moderate levels of genetic diversity in the studied populations. Among local habitats, the highest heterozygosity and allelic richness were recorded in Kyrgyzstan (He = 0.66 ± 0.03, Ho = 0.70 ± 0.04, Ar = 3.17) whereas the lowest diversity was found in a periphery subpopulation in Buryatia Republic of Russia (He = 0.41 ± 0.12, Ho = 0.29 ± 0.05, Ar = 2.33). In general, snow leopards from the western range exhibit greater genetic diversity (He = 0.68 ± 0.04, Ho = 0.66 ± 0.03, Ar = 4.95) compared to those from the northern range (He = 0.60 ± 0.06, Ho = 0.49 ± 0.02, Ar = 4.45). In addition, we have identified signs of fragmentation in the northern habitat, which have led to significant genetic divergence between subpopulations in Russia. Multiple analyses of genetic structure support considerable genetic differentiation between the northern and western range parts, which may testify to subspecies subdivision of snow leopards from these regions. The observed patterns of genetic structure are evidence for delineation of several management units within the studied populations, requiring individual approaches for conservation initiatives, particularly related to translocation events. The causes for the revealed patterns of genetic structure and levels of genetic diversity are discussed. | ||||
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Call Number | Serial | 1633 | |||
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Author | Singh, R., Krausman, P. R., Pandey, P., Maheshwari, A., Rawal, R. S., Sharma, S., Shekhar, S. | ||||
Title | Predicting Habitat Suitability of Snow Leopards in the Western Himalayan Mountains, India | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Biology bulletin | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 47 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 655-664 |
Keywords | biogeographic distribution, climate, endangered cat, MaxEnt, snow leopard | ||||
Abstract | The population of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is declining across their range, due to poaching, habitat fragmentation, retaliatory killing, and a decrease of wild prey species. Obtaining information on rare and cryptic predators living in remote and rugged terrain is important for making conservation and management strategies. We used the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) ecological niche modeling framework to predict the potential habitat of snow leopards across the western Himalayan region, India. The model was developed using 34 spatial species occurrence points in the western Himalaya, and 26 parameters including, prey species distribution, temperature, precipitation, land use and land cover (LULC), slope, aspect, terrain ruggedness and altitude. Thirteen variables contributed 98.6% towards predicting the distribution of snow leopards. The area under the curve (AUC) score was high (0.994) for the training data from our model, which indicates pre- dictive ability of the model. The model predicted that there was 42432 km2 of potential habitat for snow leop- ards in the western Himalaya region. Protected status was available for 11247 km2 (26.5%), but the other 31185 km2 (73.5%) of potential habitat did not have any protected status. Thus, our approach is useful for predicting the distribution and suitable habitats and can focus field surveys in selected areas to save resources, increase survey success, and improve conservation efforts for snow leopards. |
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Call Number | Serial | 1629 | |||
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Author | Augugliaro, C., Christe, P., Janchivlamdan, C., Baymanday, H., Zimmermann, F. | ||||
Title | Patterns of human interaction with snow leopard and co-predators in the Mongolian western Altai: Current issues and perspectives | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Global Ecology and Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 24 | Issue | Pages | 1-21 | |
Keywords | Depredation Human-carnivores interaction Mongolian altai Snow leopard Wolf Wolverine | ||||
Abstract | Large carnivores can cause considerable economic damage, mainly due to livestock depredation. These conficts instigate negative attitude towards their conservation, which could in the extreme case lead to retaliatory killing. Here we focus on the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), a species of conservation concern with particularly large spatial requirements. We conducted the study in the Bayan Olgii province, one of the poorest provinces of Mongolia, where the majority of the human population are traditional herders. We conducted a survey among herders (N 261) through a semi-structured questionnaire with the aim to assess: the current and future herding practices and prevention measures, herders’ perceptions and knowledge of the environmental protection and hunting laws; the perceived livestock losses to snow leopard, wolf (Canis lupus), and wolverine (Gulo gulo), as well as to non-predatory factors; the key factors affecting livestock losses to these three large carnivores; and, finally, the attitudes towards these three large carnivores. Non-predatory causes of mortality were slightly higher than depredation cases, representing 4.5% and 4.3% of livestock holdings respectively. While no depredation of livestock was reported from wolverines, snow leopard and wolf depredation made up 0.2% and 4.1% of total livestock holdings, respectively. Herders’ attitudes towards the three large carnivores were negatively affected by the magnitude of the damages since they had a positive overall attitude towards both snow leopard and wolverine, whereas the attitude towards wolf was negative. We discuss conservation and management options to mitigate herder-snow leopard impacts. To palliate the negative consequences of the increasing trend in livestock numbers, herd size reduction should be encouraged by adding economic value to the individual livestock and/or by promoting alternative income and/or ecotourism. Furthermore, co-management between government and stakeholders would help tackle this complex problem, with herders playing a major role in the development of livestock management strategies. Traditional practices, such as regularly shifting campsites and using dogs and corrals at night, could reduce livestock losses caused by snow leopards. |
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Call Number | Serial | 1627 | |||
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Author | Sharma, K., Fiechter, M., George, T., Young, J., Alexander, J. S., Bijoor, Suryawanshi, K., Mishra, C. | ||||
Title | Conservation and people: Towards an ethical code of conduct for the use of camera traps in wildlife research | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Ecological Solutions and Evidence | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-6 | ||
Keywords | camera trap, code of conduct, ethics, human rights, law, PARTNERS principles for community- based conservation, privacy, snow leopard | ||||
Abstract | 1. Camera trapping is a widely employed tool in wildlife research, used to estimate animal abundances, understand animal movement, assess species richness and under- stand animal behaviour. In addition to images of wild animals, research cameras often record human images, inadvertently capturing behaviours ranging from innocuous actions to potentially serious crimes. 2. With the increasing use of camera traps, there is an urgent need to reflect on how researchers should deal with human images caught on cameras. On the one hand, it is important to respect the privacy of individuals caught on cameras, while, on the other hand, there is a larger public duty to report illegal activity. This creates ethical dilemmas for researchers. 3. Here, based on our camera-trap research on snow leopards Panthera uncia, we outline a general code of conduct to help improve the practice of camera trap based research and help researchers better navigate the ethical-legal tightrope of this important research tool. |
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Author | Esson, C. , Skerratt, L. F. , Berger, L. , Malmsten, J., Strand, T. , Lundkvist, A., Järhult, J. D., Michaux, J., Mijiddorj, T. N., , Bayrakçısmith, R., Mishra, C., Johansson, O | ||||
Title | Health and zoonotic Infections of snow leopards Panthera unica in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Infection Ecology & Epidemiology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 1604063 | Pages | 1-11 |
Keywords | Snow leopard; zoonoses; conservation; one health; Mongolia; ticks | ||||
Abstract | Background: Snow leopards, Panthera uncia, are a threatened apex predator, scattered across the mountains of Central and South Asia. Disease threats to wild snow leopards have not been investigated. Methods and Results: Between 2008 and 2015, twenty snow leopards in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia were captured and immobilised for health screening and radio-collaring. Blood samples and external parasites were collected for pathogen analyses using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and next- generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. The animals showed no clinical signs of disease, however, serum antibodies to significant zoonotic pathogens were detected. These patho- gens included, Coxiella burnetii, (25% prevalence), Leptospira spp., (20%), and Toxoplasma gondii (20%). Ticks collected from snow leopards contained potentially zoonotic bacteria from the genera Bacillus, Bacteroides, Campylobacter, Coxiella, Rickettsia, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Conclusions: The zoonotic pathogens identified in this study, in the short-term did not appear to cause illness in the snow leopards, but have caused illness in other wild felids. Therefore, surveillance for pathogens should be implemented to monitor for potential longer- term disease impacts on this snow leopard population. |
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Author | Tiwari, M. P., Devkota, B. P., Jackson, R. M., Chhetri, B. B. K., Bagale, S. | ||||
Title | What Factors Predispose Households in Trans-Himalaya (Central Nepal) to Livestock Predation by Snow Leopards? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 2187 | Pages | 1-14 |
Keywords | human-snow leopard conflict; livestock predation; Narphu valley; trans-Himalaya | ||||
Abstract | Livestock depredation across the trans-Himalaya causes significant economic losses to pastoralist communities. Quantification of livestock predation and the assessment of variables associated with depredation are crucial for designing effective long-term mitigation measures. We investigated the patterns and factors of livestock depredation by snow leopards (Panthera uncia) using semi-structured questionnaires targeting herders in the Narphu valley of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. During the two years (2017/18 and 2018/19), 73.9% of the households interviewed (n = 65) lost livestock to snow leopards, with an annual average loss of two livestock per household. Of the total depredation attributed to snow leopards, 55.4% were yak (mainly female: 79%), 31.7% goat, 6.8% sheep, 3.2% horse and 2.8% cattle. Results from applying Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) revealed the total number of livestock owned and the number of larger bodied livestock species as the main explanatory covariates explaining livestock depredation. Forty-one (41%) of all herders considered snow leopard’s preference for domestic livestock as the main factor in livestock predation, whereas only 5% perceived poor herding practice as the main reason for the loss. Our study found poor and changing herding practices in the valley, whereby 71% herders reported careful herding as a solution to snow leopard depredation, and 15% of herders considered the complete extermination of snow leopards as the best solution to the problem. Tolerance levels and awareness among herders towards snow leopard conservation is increasing, mainly due to the Buddhist religion and strict law enforcement within this protected area. We recommend the effective implementation of a community-based livestock insurance scheme to compensate the economic loss of herders due to predation and improved herding practices as the recommended mitigation measures for ensuring livestock security and snow leopards’ conservation in the valley. |
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Author | Koju. N. P, , Bashyal, B., Pandey, B. P., Shah, S. N., Thami, S. ,Bleisch, W. V. | ||||
Title | First camera-trap record of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-4 | ||
Keywords | Camera trap, corridor, Gaurishankar Conser- vation Area, Nepal, Panthera uncia, prey abundance, transboundary, snow leopard | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard Panthera uncia is the flagship species of the high mountains of the Himalayas. There is po- tentially continuous habitat for the snow leopard along the northern border of Nepal, but there is a gap in information about the snow leopard in Gaurishankar Conservation Area. Previous spatial analysis has suggested that the Lamabagar area in this Conservation Area could serve as a transbound- ary corridor for snow leopards, and that the area may con- nect local populations, creating a metapopulation. However, there has been no visual confirmation of the species in Lamabagar. We set !! infrared camera traps for " months in Lapchi Village of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, where blue sheep Pseudois nayaur, musk deer Moschus leucogaster and Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus, all snow leopard prey species, had been observed. In November #$!% at &,!$$ m, ' km south-west of Lapchi Village, one camera recorded three images of a snow leopard, the first photographic evidence of the species in the Conservation Area. Sixteen other species of mammals were also recorded. Camera-trap records and sightings indicated a high abun- dance of Himalayan tahr, blue sheep and musk deer. Lapchi Village may be a potentially important corridor for snow leopard movement between the east and west of Nepal and northwards to Quomolongma National Park in China. However, plans for development in the region present in- creasing threats to this corridor. We recommend develop- ment of a transboundary conservation strategy for snow leopard conservation in this region, with participation of Nepal, China and international agencies. | ||||
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Author | Rashid, W., Shi, J., Rahim, I. U., Dong, S., Sultan, H. | ||||
Title | Issues and Opportunities Associated with Trophy Hunting and Tourism in Khunjerab National Park, Northern Pakistan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 597 | Pages | 1-20 |
Keywords | trophy hunting; mass tourism; Pamir; eco-tourism; human-Snow leopard conflict | ||||
Abstract | Trophy hunting and mass tourism are the two major interventions designed to provide various socioeconomic and ecological benefits at the local and regional levels. However, these interventions have raised some serious concerns that need to be addressed. This study was conducted in Khunjerab National Park (KNP) with an aim to analyze comparatively the socioeconomic and ecological impacts of trophy hunting and mass tourism over the last three decades within the context of sustainability. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with key stakeholders and household interviews were conducted to collect data on trophy hunting and mass tourism, and on local attitudes towards these two interventions in and around KNP. The results revealed that 170 Ibex (Capra sibirica) and 12 Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) were hunted in the study area over the past three decades, and trophy hunting was not based on a sustainable harvest level. Trophy hunting on average generated USD 16,272 annual revenue, which was invested in community development. However, trophy hunting has greatly changed the attitudes of local residents towards wildlife: a positive attitude towards the wild ungulates and strongly negative attitude towards wild carnivores. In addition, trophy hunting has reduced the availability of ungulate prey species for Snow leopards (Panthera uncia), and consequently, Snow leopards have increased their predation on domestic livestock. This has, in turn, increased human–snow leopard conflict, as negative attitudes towards carnivores result in retaliatory killing of Snow leopards. Furthermore, according to ocial record data, the number of tourists to KNP has increased tremendously by 10,437.8%, from 1382 in 1999 to 145,633 in 2018. Mass tourism on average generated USD 33,904 annually and provided opportunities for locals to earn high incomes, but it caused damages to the environment and ecosystem in KNP through pollution generation and negative impacts on wildlife. Considering the limited benefits and significant problems created by trophy hunting and mass tourism, we suggest trophy hunting should be stopped and mass tourism should be shifted to ecotourism in and around KNP. Ecotourism could mitigate human–Snow leopard conflicts and help conserve the fragile ecosystem, while generating enough revenue incentives for the community to protect biodiversity and compensate for livestock depredation losses to Snow leopards. Our results may have implications for management of trophy hunting and mass tourism in other similar regions that deserve further investigation. | ||||
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Author | Zhang, L., Lian, X., Yang, X | ||||
Title | Population density of snow leopards (Panthera Uncia) in the Yage Valley Region of the Sanjiangyuan National Park: Conservation Implications and future directions | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Artic, Antartic and Alpine Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 52 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 541-550 |
Keywords | Snow leopard; population density; camera trapping; Tibetan Plateau; alpine ecosystem | ||||
Abstract | Population-based studies on snow leopard (Panthera uncia) are of theoretical and practical sig- nificance for the conservation of alpine ecosystems, though geographic remoteness and isolation hinder surveys in many promising regions. The Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Tibetan Plateau is acknowledged as a main snow leopard habitat, but most of the region remains unexplored and unknown. We adopted a combined approach of route survey and camera trapping survey to explore the population density of snow leopard in the Yage Valley region of the Sanjiangyuan National Park. Results indicated that (1) large populations of blue sheep contributed to the major food supply for snow leopards, along with diverse prey species as dietary supplementations, and (2) a population density of four to six snow leopards per 100 km2 on the north bank was estimated, and nine to fourteen individuals within the valley core areas were identified. We also argue that under the potential impacts of hydropower dams, this valley ecosystem should be symbolized as a conservation hotspot and therefore merits prioritized conservation. We recommend further surveys combined with novel methods/techniques and advocate a sustainable ecotourism model for the first V-shaped valley along the Yangtze mainstream. | ||||
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Author | Atzeni, L., Cushman, S. A., Bai, D., Wang, J., Chen, P., Shi, K., Riordan, P. | ||||
Title | Meta-replication, sampling bias, and multi-scale model selection: A case study on snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in western China. | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Ecology and Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-27 | ||
Keywords | MaxEnt, meta-replication, multi-scale, Panthera uncia, sampling bias, scale selection, snow leopard, species distribution model | ||||
Abstract | Replicated multiple scale species distribution models (SDMs) have become increasingly important to identify the correct variables determining species distribution and their influences on ecological responses. This study explores multi-scale habitat relationships of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in two study areas on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau of western China. Our primary objectives were to evaluate the degree to which snow leopard habitat relationships, expressed by predictors, scales of response, and magnitude of effects, were consistent across study areas or locally landcape-specific. We coupled univariate scale optimization and the maximum entropy algorithm to produce multivariate SDMs, inferring the relative suitability for the species by ensembling top performing models. We optimized the SDMs based on average omission rate across the top models and ensembles’ overlap with a simulated reference model. Comparison of SDMs in the two study areas highlighted landscape-specific responses to limiting factors. These were dependent on the effects of the hydrological network, anthropogenic features, topographic complexity, and the heterogeneity of the landcover patch mosaic. Overall, even accounting for specific local differences, we found general landscape attributes associated with snow leopard ecological requirements, consisting of a positive association with uplands and ridges, aggregated low-contrast landscapes, and large extents of grassy and herbaceous vegetation. As a means to evaluate the performance of two bias correction methods, we explored their effects on three datasets showing a range of bias intensities. The performance of corrections depends on the bias intensity; however, density kernels offered a reliable correction strategy under all circumstances. This study reveals the multi-scale response of snow leopards to environmental attributes and confirms the role of meta-replicated study designs for the identification of spatially varying limiting factors. Furthermore, this study makes important contributions to the ongoing discussion about the best approaches for sampling bias correction. |
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Author | Karki, A., Panthi, S. | ||||
Title | Factors affecting livestock depredation by snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in the Himalayan region of Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | PeerJ | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 9 | Issue | e11575 | Pages | 1-14 |
Keywords | Conflict,Habitat,Himalaya,Livestockdepredation,Modeling,Snowleopard,Wildlife management | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) found in central Asia is classified as vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Every year, large number of livestock are killed by snow leopards in Nepal, leading to economic loss to local communities and making human-snow leopard conflict a major threat to snow leopard conservation. We conducted formal and informal stakeholder’s interviews to gather information related to livestock depredation with the aim to map the attack sites by the snow leopard. These sites were further validated by district forest office staffs to assess sources of bias. Attack sites older than 3 years were removed from the survey. We found 109 attack sites and visited all the sites for geo location purpose (GPS points of all unique sites were taken). We maintained at least a 100 m distance between attack locations to ensure that each attack location was unique, which resulted in 86 unique locations. A total of 235 km2 was used to define livestock depredation risk zone during this study. Using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling, we found that distance to livestock sheds, distance to paths, aspect, and distance to roads were major contributing factors to the snow leopard’s attacks. We identified 13.64 km2 as risk zone for livestock depredation from snow leopards in the study area. Furthermore, snow leopards preferred to attack livestock near livestock shelters, far from human paths and at moderate distance from motor roads. These identified attack zones should be managed both for snow leopard conservation and livestock protection in order to balance human livelihoods while protecting snow leopards and their habitats. | ||||
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Author | Young, J. C., Alexander, J. S., Bijoor, A., Sharma, D., Dutta, A., Agvaantseren, B., Mijiddorj, T. N., Jumabay, K., Amankul, V., Kabaeva, B., Nawaz, A., Khan, S., Ali, H., Rullman, J. S., Sharma, K., Murali, R., Mishra, C. | ||||
Title | Community-Based Conservation for the Sustainable Management of Conservation Conflicts: Learning from Practitioners | Type | Journal | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Sustainability | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 13 | Issue | Pages | 1-20 | |
Keywords | community-based conservation; snow leopards; participation; conflict; narratives; story- telling; conflict management | ||||
Abstract | We explore the role of community-based conservation (CBC) in the sustainable management of conservation conflicts by examining the experiences of conservation practitioners trying to address conflicts between snow leopard conservation and pastoralism in Asian mountains. Practitioner experiences are examined through the lens of the PARTNERS principles for CBC (Presence, Aptness, Respect, Transparency, Negotiation, Empathy, Responsiveness, and Strategic Support) that represent an inclusive conservation framework for effective and ethical engagement with local communities. Case studies from India, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Pakistan show that resilient relationships arising from respectful engagement and negotiation with local communities can provide a strong platform for robust conflict management. We highlight the heuristic value of documenting practitioner experiences in on-the-ground conflict management and community-based conservation efforts. | ||||
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Author | Maheshwari, A., Takpa, J., Kujur, S., Shawl, T. | ||||
Title | An Investigation of Carnivore-Human Conflicts in Kargil and Drass Areas of Jammu and Kashmir, India | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-30 | ||
Keywords | India, snow leopard, Kargil, Drass, Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Wildlife Protection, WWF India | ||||
Abstract | Still, there are areas from where very poor information is available on snow leopard and associated species. Keeping this in view, Kargil and Drass areas of Ladakh,Jammu and Kashmir were identified as “gaps” in available information on snow leopard. Kargil has not received much attention for wildlife studies due to its proximity to the International Boundary between India and Pakistan and resultant security implications. The only information available from the area is from a study done by Sathyakumar (2003) on the occurrence of Himalayan brown bear from Zanskar and Suru Valleys in Ladakh. But there was very poor information on the occurrence and distribution of other carnivores and conflicts with humans in Kargil. Therefore, this study was felt necessary to establish the following objectives: 1. Surveys for the occurrence and distribution of snow leopard and other large carnivores and their prey 2. To estimate abundance of prey species 3. To study food habits of snow leopard and other carnivores based on scat analysis 4. To study the of carnivore – human conflicts 5. To study the socio-economic conditions of rural community and develop local awareness programme |
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Publisher | Place of Publication | India | Editor | ||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Report submitted to Rufford Small Grant. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1093 | ||
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Title | Miraki Reservation, Chatkal Reservation | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1978 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 9-11 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; Miraki nature reserve; landscapes; flora; fauna; natural monuments; snow leopard.; 7670; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It describes history of the Miraki and Chatkal nature reserves' establishment and provides data concerning area, landscapes, altitude zoning, flora and fauna as well as natural monuments. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Uzbekistan's Reservations and Natural Monuments. XIV General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 745 | Serial | 13 | ||
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Title | Rare Animals and their Protection in the USSR | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1978 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 4-4 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; categories of threat; rare species; snow leopard; distribution; threats.; 8030; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It described categories of threat (Category A and Category B). Snow leopard was assessed under Category A the species whose numbers and habitats have sharply diminished and are continuing to diminish as a consequence of direct persecution, destruction of their habitat or other causes. The snow leopard (Pardus uncia) inhabits the mountains of the Tien Shan range, Tarbagatai, Saur, Altai and the Sayans. Exploitation of mountain areas and depletion of stocks of wild ungulates (Siberian mountain goats and wild sheep) have led to a sharp reduction in the number of snow leopards. It is estimated that today only about one thousand leopards are left, and they have accordingly been placed under complete protection. Hunting and selective shooting are everywhere prohibited. Catching leopards is regulated by the articles of the international convention restricting trade in rare species of plants and animals. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Uzbekistan's Reservations and Natural Monuments. XIV General Assembly of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 781 | Serial | 14 | ||
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Title | Plan to conserve snow leopard | Type | Newspaper Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Herald News Service | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | conservation plan; Himalaya; India; snow leopard | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | New Dehli | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 944 | Serial | 15 | ||
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Title | Resolutions of the Eighth International Snow Leopard Symposium | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Eighth International Snow Leopard Symposium | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-3 | ||
Keywords | resolutions; snow leopard; symposium | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | Eighth International Snow Leopard Symposium | ||
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Notes | 12-16 November 1995 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 948 | Serial | 16 | ||
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Title | Biological diversity conservation. National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 34-35 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; national strategy and action plan; biodiversity; endangered species; snow leopard; distribution; number; conservation measures.; 6280; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The National strategy and action plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan was signed on April 1, 1998. Snow leopard was included in the list of rare and endangered animal species and referred to category 2 a rare, not endangered species. It is distributed in highlands of the West Tien Shan and Pamiro-Alay. Its population is 30-50 animals. Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Gissar nature reserve, and Ugam-Chatkal national park. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 606 | Serial | 17 | ||
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Title | Biological resources | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 24-25 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; biodiversity; vertebrates; snow leopard.; 6290; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It provides a summary of plant and animal resources in Uzbekistan. Among 15,000 animal species, 664 are vertebrate species including 424 bird, 97 mammal, 83 fish, 59 reptile and three amphibian species. Snow leopard, snow cock, ibex, and other species are typical for highlands. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian Journal Title: First national report of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Framework Convention of UN on climate change. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 607 | Serial | 18 | ||
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Title | Special protected areas (nature reserves, natural and national parks, zakazniks, natural monuments) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 91-92 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; protected areas; snow leopard.; 8320; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The list and brief description of existing protected areas of Uzbekistan are given. The snow leopard recorded in Chatkal and Hissar nature reserves. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian Journal Title: National report on status natural environment and use of natural resources in Republic of Uzbekistan. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 810 | Serial | 19 | ||
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Author | Abdulnazarov A.G. | ||||
Title | About status of the Red Book vertebrates in the Zorkul nature reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 5-6 | ||
Keywords | Tajikistan; Zorkul nature reserve; Pamir argali; rare species; snow leopard; 5750; Russian | ||||
Abstract | In the nature reserve, there are 18 animal species listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Tajikistan including 8 mammal species, one of which, snow leopard, is in the Red List of IUCN. There are 10 Red Book bird species in the nature reserve. Pamir argali is represented by several dozens of isolated groups. No encounters of Tien Shan brown bear, dhole and lynx have been reported in the nature reserve over the last years. A total number of mountain geese were about 400, in the year 2001. Mongolian saker falcon was met twice. Two golden eagles and six lammergeyers were found too. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic features of biological diversity. Proceedings of the second international scientific conference. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 555 | Serial | 21 | ||
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Author | Abdunazarov B.B. | ||||
Title | Biodiversity of mammals in the Western Tien Shan and its conservation | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 22-23 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; biodiversity; mammals; mountain ecosystems; Western Tien Shan; Pamir-Alai; endemic; number; human influence; illegal hunting; habitat degradation; snow leopard.; 5770; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The mammal fauna of Uzbekistan's mountain ecosystems is represented by some 60 species. Data on mammal species composition in the Western Tien Shan (48 species) and Pamir-Alai (57 species) is given. A quantity of species endemic to the mountainous ecosystems of Uzbekistan is defined. Quantities of nine rare species inhabiting the mountain ecosystems, including snow leopard, are given. Number of snow leopard in Pamir-Alai and the Western Tien Shan is estimated to be 30-50 animals. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of the Western Tien Shan: protection and sustainable use. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 557 | Serial | 22 | ||
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Author | Abdunazarov B.B. | ||||
Title | Rare and endangered animal species in the Kashkadaraya region | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 3 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; Kashkadarya region; rare species; mammals; birds; reptiles; fishes; snow leopard.; 5760; Russian | ||||
Abstract | 41 percent of all vertebrate species listed in the Red Book of the Uzbek SSR (18 mammal species, 29 bird, 6 reptile, and 8 fish species) inhabit the Kashkadarya region. The mammals are Tien Shan brown bear, Central Asian otter, Turkistan lynx, snow leopard, and goitered gazelle. Nesting bird fauna includes the following species: black stork, Turkistan white stork, short toed eagle, booted eagle, golden eagle, bearded vulture, black vulture, griffon vulture, saker falcon, houbara bustard, and eagle owl. Migrating and wintering bird species are dalmatian pelican, rose pelican, mute swan, osprey, tawny eagle, imperial eagle, pin-tailed sandgrouse; and possibly Bonnli's eagle and Barbary falcon that have not been seen here since 1950-s. Rare reptiles are represented by two species: desert monitor and Central Asian cobra. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Behavioral ecology (Animals and soil ecology). | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 556 | Serial | 23 | ||
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Author | Abdunazarov B.B. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 6 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; Cites; snow leopard.; 5780; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) listed in Red Data Book of Republic of Uzbekistan (2003) and Appendix II CITES. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Guide of Animals listed in CITES. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 558 | Serial | 24 | ||
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