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Author |
Korytin S.A. |
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Title |
Animal's behavior near attractions. Animal's reaction to chasing with dogs. Animal behavior and traps |
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Miscellaneous |
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1986 |
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49-51 |
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Cats; behavior; snow leopard.; 7300; Russian |
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It describes trophic behavior of the cat family species (lion, tiger, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, caracal, reed cat, wild cat and domestic cat), their reaction to dog-chasing and behavioral patterns when trapped. Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) sometime eat dead animals. After killing the prey they take it away. Irbis eats the carcass, half-risen on front limbs, beginning from the chest and front limbs or lower part of belly, usually not touching intestines. It eats slowly and spends a lot of time near the carcass and returns to the carcass several times. Known are cases that two snow leopards, or a snow leopard and wolf eating the prey together. Snow leopard usually keeps birds off the carcass. If a man approaches snow leopard normally goes away, sometimes putting up with his close presence. Escaping from dogs, snow leopard was seen to plunge into the river. When trapped, snow leopard rather easily surrenders to man. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Habits of wild animals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 708 |
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551 |
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Author |
Esipov A.V. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1995 |
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48-49 |
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Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; number; distribution; threats; conservation measures; snow leopard; 6600; Russian |
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There are two isolated snow leopard populations in Uzbekistan, both of which are located along the fringe of the species' distribution. These groups are the Pamir-Alai and the Tien-Shan, of which are united to snow leopard range in neighboring Tadjikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Apart from animals inhabiting the Hissar Nature Reserve, the Pamir-Alai population consists of animals inhabiting the upper portion of the Tupalang River basin and the mountains around Baisuntau. This population is currently estimated at about 30 individuals, from which as many as 10 individuals are reported to be killed or captured annually. However, we suspect the loss rate is more like five to eight individuals, with the entire Pamir-Alai group in Uzbekistan numbering 22 – 25 animals. The Tien-Shan snow leopard sub-population group of Uzbekistan occupies the high-mountain portions of practically all of the large ridges in the area, including Chatkal, Pskem, Ugam and Talass Alatau. The number of snow leopards harvested from this sub-population appears to be five or seven individuals, with the total number placed at 27-32 individuals. The major factors restricting snow leopard numbers in Uzbekistan appears to be poaching of both snow leopard and its large prey species like ibex, as well as disturbance associated with the intensive development of the alpine lands for pasturing livestock. In order to preserve the snow leopard in Uzbekistan it will be necessary to control and eliminate poaching. Additional habitat could be provided by expanding the Chatkal Nature Reserve by adding lands in the Shavassai River basin as well as Akbulak River basin. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad |
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SLN @ rana @ 638 |
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255 |
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Kogan M.I. |
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The Kazakh SSR. The Kyrgyz SSR. The Uzbek and Tajik SSR. The Turkmen SSR |
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1931 |
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47, 51-52,55-57, 59, 61-62. |
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Central Asia; game species; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 7160; Russian |
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It describes geographical, soil, climatic and hydrological features of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. Types of economic activities including fur-trade are described, too. Game preserves are classified, and list of game fauna species inhabiting these republics is given. Snow leopard lives in rocky mountains and is hunted very rarely. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Soviet Asia as a fur-trade region. |
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SLN @ rana @ 694 |
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540 |
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Author |
Zakirov A. |
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Rare and endangered predatory species in Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1982 |
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47-48 |
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Uzbekistan; carnivores; endangered species; snow leopard.; 8690; Russian |
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There are 20 predatory mammal species in Uzbekistan. Tien Shan brown bear, marbled polecat, lynx, and snow leopard are very rare species, while honey badger, manul and leopard are close to dying-away. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology of mountain mammals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 846 |
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1071 |
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Author |
Esipov A.V. |
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Ugam Chatkal State Nature Park |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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N1 |
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46-47 |
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Uzbekistan; Ugam Chatkal Nature Park; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard; numerous species; ibex.; 6660; Russian |
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There are endangered species as bear, snow leopard and Menzbier's marmot recorded in Western Tien Shan mountains. Wild boar, Siberian ibex, roe deer, wolf, badger, porcupine and red fox are rather numerous species on this area. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecological News Journal. |
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SLN @ rana @ 644 |
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261 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
The Felids family Felidae Gray, 1821 |
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Miscellaneous |
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1989 |
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Ussr; Felidae; Miocene; Pliocene; Pleistocene; Holocene; origin; Uzbekistan; Genus Uncia; snow leopard; specie range; Western Tien Shan; Hissar ridge; Zeravshan ridge; Turkestan ridge.; 6980; Russian |
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Zoolites of the Felidae family are known from the Upper Eocene Lower Pliocene in Eurasia, Africa, and North America. Two sub-families are know to inhabit the territory of the USSR and adjacent territories: the extinct sabre-toothed Felidae species Machairodontia and now existing Felidae species. In the USSR the extinct Felidae species were found to exist in Upper Miocene, Upper and Middle Pliocene, and Pleistocene. In Eurasia panthers has been know since early Pliocene. Three species were found in Uzbekistan – the extinct cave lion Felidae sd†l…†… (Goldfuss, 1810), and now existing P…nth†a… tigris, P…nth†a… pardus. The ancient finds and modern habitats are briefly described. Genus Uncia is represented by one species snow leopard or irbis. Probably it appeared in later Pliocene or Pleistocene in the mountain of Central Asia. In Uzbekistan, remains of snow leopard were found in the Samarqand region in the layer of Upper Pleistocene or Holocene. Probably it moved into the area in Pleistocene or the period of glacier removal in the Western Tien Shan mountains, Turkestan, Zeravshan, and Hissar ridges. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Possible way of the mammal fauna formation on the territory of Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 676 |
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422 |
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Kydyraliev A.K. |
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Title |
Some animal species' habitat alteration in the Central Tien Shan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1970 |
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Part 1. |
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46-48 |
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Kyrgyzstan; tien shan; human influence; water conservation activity; decline; range; number; birds; mammals; game species; moral; argali; snow leopard.; 7540; Russian |
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Irrigation and drainage activity in Tien Shan led some bird species to disappear. Number of species to build their nests in tree holes has dropped. Mongolian sandpiper and black-bellied sand grouse disappeared in the steppe areas. Great bustard, formerly nesting in this area, can now be rarely seen only in migration. The direct anthropogenic influence resulted in shrinkage of game animal and bird populations such as moral, goitered gazelle, argali, snow leopard, and stone marten. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Influence of anthropogenic factors on the formation of zoogeographic complexes. The fifth inter-school zoogeographic conference. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 732 |
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605 |
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Author |
Bannikov A.G. |
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Title |
Snow leopard (irbis). Felis uncia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1973 |
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Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; life history; threats.; 6150; Russian |
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Irbis is distributed in highlands of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Altai. It preys mainly on wild sheep and ibex, marmots, pica, snow-cock, rarer other ungulates, rodents and birds. Sometimes it attacks domestic sheep. At the beginning of spring this species is on heat, gestation period being 90 100 days. Female bears two three (to five) cubs. The litter splits in one year. The animal sheds hair twice a year. It has a low population and therefore hunting for snow leopard is prohibited. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game animals and birds of the USSR. Reference book and identifier. |
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SLN @ rana @ 593 |
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114 |
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Shnitnikov V.N. |
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Title |
Rocks and taluses. Snow leopard, Irbis Felis irbis Shreb |
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1936 |
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44-49 |
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Kazakhstan; Semerechie; fauna; snow leopard.; 8150; Russian |
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In Semerechie, snow leopard is not a rare species. In 1931, 53 snow leopards were hunted in southern Semerechie. In the past, at the markets of Central Tien Shan one could buy skins or live snow leopards, which were in demand abroad. Probably, number of snow leopards in Semerechie has increased. Now, it can be found not only in remote areas but in the vicinity of settlements (snow leopards, for instance, were observed some 20 30 km from Almaty, and 60 km from Frunze). Snow leopard preys mainly on ibex (¥…dr… sibiri¤…), snow-cock (O†traogallus himalauenses), and numerous argali – in some areas. The animal will never attack a man, even if wounded. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of Semerechie. |
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SLN @ rana @ 793 |
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886 |
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Author |
Matyushkin E.N. |
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Snow leopard, or irbis Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775 |
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1984 |
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Vol.1. |
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42-43 |
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Ussr; Red Data book; snow leopard; status; distribution; number; life history characteristics; conservation measures.; 7620; Russian |
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Snow leopard Uncia uncia Scheber, 1775, was included in the Red Data Book of the USSR and given status III rare species with small habitat. It provides information about its distribution (from Pamir and West Tien Shan to East Sayans), habitat, biology, number, threats, and existing and required protection measures. Total number in the USSR is about 2,000 animals. There were 194 snow leopards in the zoos throughout the world at the beginning of 1980. In the USSR the species is under protection in nature reserves as follows: Ramit, Chatkal, Besh Aral, Aksu Jabagly, Sary Chelek, Almaty, Altai. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red data Book of the USSR. Rare and endangered animal and plant species. |
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SLN @ rana @ 740 |
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651 |
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Persianova L.A. |
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About the Red Book listing rare and endangered animal and plant species |
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1980 |
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41-42 |
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Uzbekistan; Red Data book; flora; fauna; rare species; categories of threat; mammals; birds; reptiles; fishes; snow leopard.; 7870; Russian |
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The Red Book includes data of rare and endangered fauna and flora species. The species are sub-divided into five categories by threat. Volume 1 of the Red Book of the Uzbek SSR includes 22 mammal species, 31 bird species, five reptile and five fish species. Among them there are endemic species and species included in the International Red list. Snow leopard is referred to a category of endangered species. |
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http://www.snowleopard.org/islt/procite/lpabout80.doc |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Urgent problems of nature protection and sustainable use of natural resources. Proceedings of the second national conference of Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 765 |
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768 |
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Author |
Plyaskin V.E. |
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Title |
Rare Felidae species in the Chatkal valley of the West Tien Shan |
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1982 |
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Kyrgyzstan; Besh-Aral nature reserve; Cats; snow leopard; Lynx; manul; species range; diet; decline; illegal hunting.; 7910; Russian |
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In 1981, rare Felidae species such as snow leopard, Turkistan lynx, and manul (one encounter recorded) were found in the Besh-Aral nature reserve (the Chatkal valley). Illegal hunting and high concentration of people in some places is emphasized to impact the animal populations. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protection and reproduction of fauna. |
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SLN @ rana @ 769 |
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775 |
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Abdusalamov I.A. |
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Required protection measures for rare and endangered vertebrate species in Tajikistan |
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2001 |
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N 2 (143) |
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40-48 |
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Tajikistan; vertebrates; protected areas; endangered species; snow leopard.; 5840; Russian |
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The network of Tajikistan's protected areas (four nature reserves, 14 national and 18 regional sanctuaries, one national park) is described. The establishment of `Shakhristan state complex nature reserve' and `Sarykamish state complex reserve', and interstate nature complex park on northern slope of the Turkestan ridge is recommended to improve conservation practices for a number of endangered vertebrate animal species in Northern Tajikistan (such as brown bear, snow leopard, wild sheep, and others). |
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Russian |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: News of the Academy of Science of Tajikistan. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 563 |
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29 |
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Author |
Kolosov A.M. |
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Title |
The mountains of Central Asia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1968 |
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40-41 |
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7210; Russian |
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It provides description of main game animals in the USSR, considers a matter of rare species conservation, as well as keeping, breeding and feeding the species and enriching fauna by means of acclimatization. Snow leopard is indicated to inhabit the Tien-Shan Mountains along with species such as ibex, roe deer, moral, lynx, and others, and the mountains of Siberia along with argali, ibex, lynx, sable, glutton, etc. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Enrichment of game fauna in the USSR.Call Number: USSR/ game species/ distribution/ captive breeding/ conservation/ snow leopard. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 699 |
Serial |
548 |
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Author |
Chernogaev E.A. |
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Title |
Materials on rare and protected species of the Kyzylsu nature reserve |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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1978 |
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39-40 |
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Uzbekistan; Kyzylsu nature reserve; rare species; birds; mammals; snow leopard; poaching; human influence.; 6430; Russian |
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This survey was being done (May, 1975 February, 1976) in the new Kyzylsu nature reserve, established in 1975. Before 1975, the anthropogenic pressure was mainly represented by overgrazing and unregulated hunting. Provided are data on bird species (bearded vulture, Himalayan vulture, griffon vulture, golden eagle, and Himalayan snow cock), mammal species (long-tailed marmot, Indian porcupine, brown bear, lynx, snow leopard, and Siberian ibex). |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Protection of flora and fauna in Uzbekistan. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 621 |
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216 |
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Author |
Loginov O. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Kazakhstan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1995 |
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39-41 |
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Kazakhstan; number; distribution; threats; protected areas; conservation activity; snow leopard.; 7590; Russian |
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Snow leopards are to be found in the most extreme eastern, southeastern and southern mountainous regions, including the Altai. Saur, Tarbagatai. Dzhungarian, Alatau, Northern and Western Tian-Shan ranges. The snow leopard or irbis is the most rare in eastern Kazakstan in the ranges of Katunskie Belki, South Altai, Kurchumski, Sarymsakty, Saur and Tarbagatai. Total snow leopard population in Kazakstan is estimated at no more than 100-110 animals, including 20-25 in the central part of the Zailisky-Alatau. Although there are nine protected areas in Kazakstan, snow leopards are only regularly reported
from the Aksu-Dzhabagly and Almaty reserves and occasionally in Markakolsky Reserve. The major threats to the species include: Deliberate poaching with the aim of selling the valuable fur of the snow leopard; habitat loss resulting from the expansion of human activity in its mountain habitat, and deliberate or retaliatory killing by shepherds in response to predation upon livestock. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 737 |
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623 |
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Author |
Zinchenko Yu.K. |
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Title |
About characteristic of mammal fauna in the Markakol nature reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1989 |
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Part. II. |
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39-41 |
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Kazakhstan; Markakol nature reserve; mammals; snow leopard.; 8830; Russian |
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50 mammal species permanently live in the nature reserve. There penetrate snow leopard, wolf, corsac, and wild boar on a relatively regular basis. Moral, roe deer, and elk migrate outside the Markakol depression in winter. Though mentioned in literature as species inhabiting the nature reserve, beaver, stone marten, and dhole are not met there today. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of All-Union conference on cadastre and fauna counts. |
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SLN @ rana @ 860 |
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1091 |
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Author |
Formozov A.N. |
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Title |
Tiger. Leopard. Snow Leopard |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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1989 |
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38-40 |
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Ussr; big cats; tiger; leopard; snow leopard.; 6730; Russian |
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The number of large cats is reducing. These animals are hold out in the most difficult of access places. During long time snow leopard was a poorly known animal. The situation was changed with developing of mountain tourism and mountaineering. It's necessary to reduce the capturing snow leopards for zoological gardens. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Pathfinder's companion. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 651 |
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282 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Egorov O.V. |
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Title |
Enemies, infections, parasites and mortality rate of ibex |
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Miscellaneous |
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1955 |
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Vol. 42. |
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37-50 |
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Ussr; ungulates; predators; snow leopard.; 6520; Russian |
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Reasons for ibex and argali mortality from natural enemies, parasites, infections, accidents, and hunters are analyzed. Snow leopard is one of the most dangerous enemies of ibex and argali, preying equally on both young and mature animals (mostly males). Snow leopard feeds upon ibex all year round. Unlike wolf, snow leopard would never kill several animals at a time, but only one selected victim. The food remains left by these predators are different in terms of the skull gnawing. Nasal bones and eye-sockets on the skull of ibex killed by snow leopard remain undamaged, while wolf gnaws off nasal part of the skull, breaks eye-sockets, eats lower jaw, widens occipital hole and pulls out brains. Snow leopard leaves large pieces of skin around the skeleton of the victim, whereas wolf tears it to shreds or eats up fully. Sometimes parts of the victim left by snow leopard are eaten by wolf. It is easy to mix the remains of snow leopard's or griffon vulture's food. The remains differ in skin being turned inside out rather than torn to large pieces. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of ZIN of the Academy of Science of the USSR. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 630 |
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251 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Cats |
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Miscellaneous |
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1964 |
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37-43 |
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Uzbekistan; South Uzbekistan; Cats; distribution; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 6950; Russian |
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It provides information about the cat family species in Uzbekistan (steppe cat Felis libyca, reed cat Felis chaus, Turkistan lynx Felis lynx isabellina, manul Felis manul, sand cat Felis margarita, Turan tiger Felis tigris virgata, Middle Asia leopard Felis pardus tullianus, and snow leopard Felis uncia. Snow leopard is distributed over the Hissar ridge, and the mountains of Kuydytavak, Khoddjachilimakhram, Zardalyupaz, Khodjapiriyah and Belata. Trade significance of snow leopard is negligent. In the Sary-Asia district one skin was traded in 1934 and 1935, three in 1936, four in 1937, one in 1946, and two in 1947. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology and economic value of vertebrate animals in south Uzbekistan (the Syrdarya river basin). |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 673 |
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419 |
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Author |
Koshkarev E. |
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Title |
Critical Ranges as Centres of Biodiversity |
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Miscellaneous |
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1998 |
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N 14 |
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37-38 |
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Central Asia; biodiversity; rare species; species survival; snow leopard.; 7270; Russian |
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A high percentage of rare species in Central Asia experience limited conditions for distribution. Geographic centers with higher species diversity are generally constrained in terms of territory: they are formed when ranges overlap. But in Central Asia and along its borders with Russia, centers of biodiversity overlap at the very marginal edges of ranges. Central Asian species cross into Russian territory, where desert and steppe are replaced by thick forest. Here the northern borders of their ranges are sharply fragmented and isolated. Typical examples for Central Asia are the ranges of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), Asian leopard (Panthera pardus caucasica), striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena), Bukhara deer (Census elaphus bactrianus), markhor (Capra falconeri), blue sheep (Pseudois nayauf) and argali (Ovis ammon). In Russia are the Altai subspecies of argali, the Siberian argali (O.a.ammon), the mountain goat (Capra sibirica), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Pallas' cat (Felis manul), dhole (Cuon alpinus), grey marmot (Marmota baibacina), Mongolian marmot (M. sibirica) and tolai hare (Lepus tolai). Where the numbers o f individuals has fallen to extreme lows, the most effective mechanism for species survival may be supporting the integrity of ranges, in order to preserve population exchanges between neighboring groups. The geographic location of reserves and other protected territories is vitally important for the survival of Central Asian species, given the acute fragmentation of their ranges. These reserves should include significant, viable centers of population the key places. Wherever the creation of permanent protected territories is impossible, a new tactic must be found, such as introducing temporary limitations on the use of land for agriculture and hunting. But all protected territories, whether temporary or permanent, should be connected, forming a core and periphery. The marginal range areas must not be forgotten, if total protection of endangered populations is to be accomplished. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Russian Conservation News. |
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SLN @ rana @ 705 |
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555 |
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Author |
Yanushevich A.I. |
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Title |
To be protected by the Red Data Book |
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Miscellaneous |
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1977 |
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37-39 |
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Kyrgyzstan; Red Data book; birds; mammals; snow leopard.; 8610; Russian |
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The Red Data Book of the USSR includes 111 mammal species and 67 bird species. The following species inhabit or from time to time come into Kyrgyzstan: free-toiled bat, Menzbier's marmot, red dog, Tien Shan brown bear, marbled polecat, Central Asia otter, Turkistan lynx, manul, snow leopard, antelope, Tien-Shan wild sheep, and bison; Dalmatian pelican, rose pelican, black stork, flamingo, bar-headed goose, white-headed duck, osprey, short-toed eagle, tawny eagle, imperial eagle, golden eagle, white-tailed eagle, Pallas's sea eagle, bearded vulture, Himallayan griffon, Sociable plover, Saker falcon, Peregrine falcon, great bustard, houbara, little bustard, etc. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature and man. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 838 |
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1054 |
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Author |
Zhiryakov V.A. |
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The influence of large predators on wild mammal populations in the Almaty nature reserve |
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1979 |
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37-39 |
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Kazakhstan; Almaty nature reserve; Animals; predators; snow leopard; wolf; preys.; 8760; Russian |
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There are following large predators in the Almaty nature reserve: wolf (5-6), snow leopard (single occasions), Turkistan lynx (single occasions), and Tien Shan brown bear (15-20). The share of wild mammals (roe-deer, ibex, wild boar, argali, gazelle, moral, and badger) being eaten by predators is 18.2 percent, about 60 percent of the entire prey falling to the share of wolf. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 853 |
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1083 |
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Author |
Sultanov G.S. |
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The Red Book of Uzbekistan and animal protection issues |
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Miscellaneous |
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1984 |
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36-40 |
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Uzbekistan; rare species; habitats; poaching; introduction; re-introduction; mammals; birds; reptiles; fishes; snow leopard.; 8360; Russian |
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Due to development of new lands and increased anthropogenic pressure animals are displaced from their habitats. Intense poaching caused dying away a number of animals such as Turan tiger, moral, and kulan in Uzbekistan at the end of 19th beginning of 20th century. The endangered species are marchor, cheetah, lynx, snow leopard, caracal, and cobra. Species put on the verge of a total extermination are included in the national Red Data Book (22 mammal species, 31 bird species, five reptile and five fish species). The introduction of some species such as raccoon, European fallow deer, nylghau, and chinchilla was unsuccessful. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunting and wildlife conservation in Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 814 |
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946 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vashetko E.V. |
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Title |
On the fauna of terrestrial vertebrates inhabiting Hissar Nature Reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1996 |
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Issue 1. |
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35-43 |
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Uzbekistan; Hissar nature reserve; fauna; vertebrates; amphibians; reptiles; mammals; lizards; snakes; insectivores; bats; carnivores; ungulates; rodents; lagomorphs; species composition; biodiversity assessment; snow leopard.; 8460; Russian |
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The data on the species composition, numbers and distribution of the terrestrial vertebrates over territory Hissar nature reserve are discussed. About 60 species of amphibians, reptiles and mammals have been recorded in the reserve as a result of our own researches and the analyses of communication. There were recorded 5-7 individuals of snow leopard in Kyzylsu site of nature reserve and 15 individuals in Miraki site of nature reserve in 1979-1981. |
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Full text available in Russian.Journal Title: Proceeding of Nature Reserves in Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 823 |
Serial |
981 |
|
Permanent link to this record |