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Author | Mishra, C.; Van Wieren S.; Ketner, P.; Heitkonig, I.; Prins H. | ||||
Title | Competition between domestic livestock and wild bharal Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | Journal of Animal Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 73 | Issue | Pages | 344-354 | |
Keywords | blue sheep,diet,grazing,rangeland,resource,ungulate,wildlife; 5320 | ||||
Abstract | 1. The issue of competition between livestock and wild herbivores has remained contentious. We studied the diets and population structures of the mountain ungulate bharal Pseudois nayaur and seven species of livestock to evaluate whether or not they compete for forage. The study was conducted in the high altitude Spiti Valley, Indian Trans-Himalaya. 2. We compared resource (forage) availability and bharal population structures between rangelands differing in livestock density. Forage availability was estimated by clipping the standing graminoid biomass in sample plots. Livestock and bharal population structures were quantified through annual censuses. Seasonal diets of livestock were studied by direct observations, while those of bharal were quantified through feeding signs on vegetation. 3. We found that livestock grazing causes a significant reduction in the standing crop of forage. Graminoid availability per unit livestock biomass was three times greater in a moderately grazed rangeland compared with an intensively grazed one. 4. There was considerable diet overlap among the herbivore species. In summer, bharal, yak Bos grunniens, horse Equus caballus, cow Bos indicus, and dzomo (yak-cow hybrids) fed predominantly on graminoids, while donkey E. asinus, sheep Ovis aries, and goat Capra hircus, consumed both graminoids and herbs. The summer diet of bharal was a subset of the diets of three livestock species. In winter, depleted graminoid availability caused bharal, yak and horse to consume relatively more herbs, while the remaining livestock species fed predominantly on graminoids. Diet overlap was less in winter but, in both seasons, all important forage species in the bharal diet were consumed in substantial amounts by one or more species of livestock. 5. Comparison of the population structures of bharal between two rangelands differing in livestock density by c. 30% yielded evidence of resource competition. In the intensively grazed rangeland, bharal density was 63% lower, and bharal population showed poorer performance (lower young : adult female ratios). 6.Synthesis and applications High diet overlap between livestock and bharal, together with density-dependent forage limitation, results in resource competition and a decline in bharal density. Under the present conditions of high livestock density and supplemental feeding, restricting livestock numbers and creating livestockfree areas are necessary measures for conserving Trans-Himalayan wild herbivores. Mediating competitive effects on bharal through supplemental feeding is not a feasible option. |
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 517 | Serial | 695 | ||
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Author | Calle, P.P.; Colter, S.B.; Taylor, R.A.; Wright, A.M. | ||||
Title | Extramedullary thoracolumbar fungal (scopulariopsis-brumptii) abscesses in 2 snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) littermates | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 346-353 |
Keywords | medecine; veterinary; medical; zoo; medicine; thoraclumbrar-fungal; browse; 1490 | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 131 | Serial | 207 | ||
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Author | Ryan, J.A.; Roudebush, P.; Shores, J. | ||||
Title | Laryngeal obstruction associated with cuterebrosis in a snow leopard (Felis-uncia) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 21 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 346-352 |
Keywords | Cuterebrosis; medecine; veterinary; medical; zoo; zoos; medicine; browse; 1480 | ||||
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Notes | Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 160 | Serial | 837 | ||
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Author | Sokolov V.E. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 349-350 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; number; use; protection.; 8250; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard is an endangered species. Its number is steadily decreasing. In the USSR, snow leopard is distributed in the mountains of Central Asia: Pamir, Tien Shan, Djungar Ala-Tau, Tarbagatai, Saur. It is also met at altitudes ranging from 1,800 3,500 m above sea level. A total number of snow leopard in the USSR does not exceed 1,000 animals; according to other data 2,000 animals. A decreasing number of snow leopard and its habitat shrinkage is directly related to human's pursuing snow leopards (in the USSR snow leopard was for a long time being considered as a species causing damage to livestock so authorities gave premiums for catching/shooting snow leopards) and reduction of ungulate population. Snow leopards are now protected in mountain nature reserves of the USSR: Chatkal, Aksu-Djabagly, Ramit, Besh-Aral, Sary-Chelek, and Alma-Ata. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare and endangered animals. Mammals. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 803 | Serial | 908 | ||
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Author | Schaller, G.B. | ||||
Title | Mountain mammals in Pakistan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1976 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 13 | Issue | Pages | 351-356 | |
Keywords | Pakistan; Chitral-Gol; status; distribution; hunting; poaching; hunters; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; chitral gol; chitral; protected area; protected; area; 2240 | ||||
Abstract | Four or five snow leopards were present in 300 sq km of Chitral District in 1974. Six snow leopards were shot in vicinity of Chitral Gol in winter of 1971-1972, and at least one the next year. Estimates fewer then 250 snow leopards in Pakistan. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 33 | Serial | 863 | ||
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Author | Sokolov V.E. | ||||
Title | The Sary Chelek nature reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 351-362 | ||
Keywords | Kyrgyzstan; Sary Chelek nature reserve; location; climate; soils; flora; fauna; mammals; snow leopard.; 8290; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It provides general information about the Sary Chelek nature reserve (Kyrgyzstan), its physico-geographical features, and description of flora and fauna. Fauna of mammals includes over 40 species. A lot of work has been done in the nature reserve in order to protect rare species, including predators such as snow leopard, lynx, and bear. Snow leopard keeps to highlands, sometime entering into the forest zone. It was observed near lake Sary-Chelek. The following ungulate species inhabit the nature reserve: wild boar, ibex, and roe-deer. Population of wild boar consists of 700 800 animals, ibex 350 400, roe-deer 300 animals. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 807 | Serial | 910 | ||
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Author | Sheikin A.O. | ||||
Title | Fleas of the carnivores of Kazakhstan (preliminary results of the data 1970-1888) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 353-361 | ||
Keywords | Kazakhstan; carnivores; ectoparasites; fleas; snow leopard.; 8130; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The analysis of the data of national collection of Parasitological museum of Kazakh Antiplague Institute on ectoparasites from 12 species of carnivores that can be found in Kazakhstan: caracal, snow leopard, ermine, mountain weasel etc. helped to determine the species of fleas and their hosts specialization. Fleas were found on 57 animals/ 50 species of fleas were found, which can be specified to 23 genera, the total number is 525. The specific ones for the carnivores are 6 species fleas. The very low density of ectoparasites was indicated for caracal and snow leopard. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status of mammal fauna in Russian and adjoining states. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 791 | Serial | 882 | ||
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Author | Anonymous | ||||
Title | Snow leopard conservation: a NABU project in Kyrgyzstan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 35 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 354-355 |
Keywords | snow leopard; conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Nabu; endangered; illegal hunting; 5180 | ||||
Abstract | Since 1999, NABU, the German Society for Nature Conservation, has been organizing the conservation of snow leopards Uncia uncia in Kyrgyzstan in an international project in cooperation with the Kyrgyz Ministry of the Environment, Emergencies and Civil Defence and the Kyrgyz Ministry of the Interior. The animal, with its typical grey-beige patterned fur and bushy tail, is one of the most endangered big cats in the world. It is categorized as Endangered on the 2000 IUCN Red List and is on CITES Appendix I. | ||||
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Notes | Conservation News section of Oryx. Full text available at URL. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 503 | Serial | 93 | ||
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Author | Dexel, B. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard conservation: a NABU project in Kyrgyzstan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Oryx | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 35 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 354-355 |
Keywords | conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Nabu; project; snow leopard | ||||
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Notes | Conservation news section. NABU (German Society for Conservation) project. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 992 | Serial | 238 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
Title | Winter home range of snow leopards in Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Mammalia | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 61 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 355-360 |
Keywords | homerange; winter; Nepal; Uncia uncia; densities; distribution; habitat; browse; uncia; home-range; home; range; 600 | ||||
Abstract | Because of their low densities, sparse distribution, elusive behavior, and the precipitous habitat they occupy, snow leopards (Uncia uncia) have been the subject of limited study. This study contributes to that limited database with an investigation of the winter home range of 3 radio-collared snow leopards (2 females and 1 male) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Winter home ranges varied from 13.9-22.3 km2 (x = 19.1). Home ranges overlapped extensively within and between sexes, and an area of 8.1 km2 in the core study site was shared by all three leopards. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 323 | Serial | 752 | ||
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