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Author Roth, T.L.; Armstrong, D.L.; Barrie, M.T.; Wildt, D.E. url 
  Title Seasonal effects on ovarian responsiveness to exogenous gonadotrophins and successful artificial insemination in the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Reprod Fertil Dev Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages (down) 285-295  
  Keywords Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; Blood; physiology; Estradiol; Female; Gonadotropins; administration; dosage; pharmacology; Chorionic; Equine; Human; Insemination; artificial; methods; veterinary; Laparoscopy; Male; Oocytes; cytology; Ovary; drug; effects; Ovulation; Induction; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Seasons; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 400  
  Abstract Ovaries of the seasonally-breeding snow leopard (Uncia uncia) were examined to determine whether they were responsive to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. The potential of laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI) also was assessed for producing offspring. During the non-breeding, pre-breeding, breeding and post-breeding seasons, females (n = 20) were treated with a standardized, dual- hormone regimen given intramuscularly (600 I.U. of equine chorionic gonadotrophin followed 80-84 h later with 300 I.U. of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)). Laparoscopy was performed 45-50 h after administration of hCG, and all ovarian structures were described. Females with fresh corpora lutea (CL) were inseminated, and anovulatory females were subjected to follicular aspiration to examine oocyte quality. Snow leopards responded to exogenous gonadotrophins throughout the year. Mean number of total ovarian structures (distinct follicles mature in appearance plus CL) did not differ (P > or = 0.05) with season, but the proportion of CL: total ovarian structures was greater (P < 0.01) for the breeding season compared with all other seasons. The proportion of females ovulating was greater (P < 0.05) during the breeding and post-breeding seasons than during the pre-breeding and non- breeding seasons respectively. No Grade-1 quality oocytes were recovered from follicles of anovulatory females. Serum concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta appeared elevated in all females, and neither oestradiol-17 beta concentrations nor progesterone concentrations differed (P > or = 0.05) among seasons. Of 15 females artificially inseminated, the only one that was inseminated in the non-breeding season became pregnant and delivered a single cub. This is the first successful pregnancy resulting from AI in this endangered species.  
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  ISSN 1031-3613 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 325 Serial 830  
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Author Ahmad, A.; Rawat, J.S.; Rai, S.C. url 
  Title An Analysis of the Himalayan Environment and Guidelines for its Management and Ecologically Sustainable Development Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Environmentalist Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10 Issue 4 Pages (down) 281-298  
  Keywords environmental-assessment; human-impact; sustainable-development; management-guideline; ecological-degradation; mountain-ecosystem; impact-assessment; developing-country; asia; Himalayas; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; environmental; assessment; Human; impact; sustainable; development; management; guidline; ecological; degradations; mountain; ecosystem; 830  
  Abstract The impacts of human activities on the bio-geophysical and socio-economic environment of the Himalayas are analysed. The main man-induced activities which have accelerated ecological degradation and threatened the equilibrium of Himalayan mountain ecosystems are stated as: unplanned land use, cultivation on steep slopes, overgrazing, major engineering activities, over-exploitation of village or community forests, lopping of broad leaved plant species, shifting cultivation (short cycle) in north-east India, tourism and recreation. The geomorphological conditions are major factors responsible for landslides which cause major havoc every year in the area. Wild fauna, like musk deer and the snow leopard are now under threat partially due to changes in their habitat and the introduction of exotic plant species. Population pressure and migration are major factors responsible for poverty in the hills. The emigration of the working male population has resulted in the involvement of women as a major work-force. Guidelines, with special emphasis on the application of environmental impact assessments for the management of the Himalayas, are proposed. -from Authors  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 145 Serial 38  
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Author Taber, R.D. url 
  Title Toward a Free-Living Snow Leopard Recovery Plan Type Conference Article
  Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 261  
  Keywords snow-leopard-recovery-plan; recovery; conservation; Islt; Species-survial-plan; management; browse; 4240  
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  Publisher ISLT and Wildlife Institute of India Place of Publication Usa Editor H.Freeman  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full Text Available at URLAuthor Affiliation: ISLTTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 412 Serial 956  
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Author Heiz A.V. url 
  Title Some legal issues of snow leopard protection in the USSR Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 244-245  
  Keywords Ussr; snow leopard; criminal responsibility; management responsibility; liability for breakage; protection; propaganda; counts.; 6860; Russian  
  Abstract Any commercial use or sport hunting for snow leopard is prohibited everywhere. In the USSR, illegal hunting or attempt to hunt was prosecuted according to the criminal or administrative law. The following additional measures are required to successfully protect the species: conducting awareness activity in local communities, continuous control, quick investigating of snow leopard extermination cases, and regular counts of snow leopard population.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Environment fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 664 Serial 379  
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Author Freeman, H.; Jackson, R.; Hillard, R.; Hunter, D.O. url 
  Title Project Snow Leopard: a multinational program spearheaded by the International Snow Leopard Trust Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 241-245  
  Keywords Project-snow-leopard; biodiversity; conservation; protected-areas; parks; park; refuge; reserve; habitat; status; predator; prey; livestock; herders; poaching; hunting; skins; pelts; coats; fur; bones; medicine; management; livestock-depredation; trade; corridors; trans-boundry; project; protected-area; protected; area; areas; livestock depredation; depredation; browse; 2780  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Usa Editor J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D.  
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  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 221 Serial 324  
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Author Jackson, R.M.; Ahlborn, G.; Gurung, M.; Ale, S. url 
  Title Reducing livestock depredation losses in the Nepalese Himalaya Type Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication Proc.Vertebr.Pest Conf Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 17 Issue Pages (down) 241-247  
  Keywords damage; damage-by-wildlife; endangered; threatened species; livestock; mammals; management; predator-control; public-relations; wildlife; livestock-relationships; Nepal; asia; herders; conservation; Manang; Khangshar; depredation; conflict; predator; prey; browse; public; threatened; species; control; Relations; 700  
  Abstract The authors investigated livestock depredation patterns of snow leopards on the northern slopes of the Himalayans near the villages of Manang and Khangshar, Nepal. Information is discussed on the relationships among livestock loss, endangered species management, public relations/conservation issues, and cooperative efforts among institutions involved in the decision making process. A plan is devised for alleviating livestock loss and protecting endangered species in the area. pcp  
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  Notes Full Text at URL: ADDRESS: Mountain Inst., Main & Dogwood St., Franklin, WV 26807//“Proceedings Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference-March 5-7, 1996, Rohnert Park, California”; Timm, Robert M.; Crabb, A. Charles, editorsDocument Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 271 Serial 480  
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Author Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. url 
  Title Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Zoo Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages (down) 223-237  
  Keywords Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390  
  Abstract An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 279 Serial 345  
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Author Green, M.J.B. url 
  Title Protecting the mountains of Central Asia and their snow leopard populations Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 223-239  
  Keywords asia; conservation; distribution; status; habitat; predator; prey; herders; herder; livestock; management; protected- area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; gansu; Qinghai; Sichuan; India; Sikkim; Nepal; Pakistan; Ussr; Russia; Soviet-Union; Kazakhstan; Kirghizia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; kazakstan; Kirgizia; browse; protected; area; soviet; union; 2060  
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  Publisher International Snow Leopard Trust and Chicago Zoological Society Place of Publication Editor J.L.Fox; Du Jizeng  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. Place of Meeting: Xining, Qinghai, ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 218 Serial 350  
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Author Yangzom, D. url 
  Title Qomolangma National Nature Preserve in Tibet Type Conference Article
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 216-217  
  Keywords Tibet; Xizang; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Qomolangma; blue-sheep; China; management; ecotourism; poaching; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; areas; 3060  
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  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Lahore, Pakistan Editor R.Jackson; A.Ahmad  
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  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 332 Serial 1052  
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Author Kuzminikh, I. url 
  Title Notes on the status of captive snow leopards in regions of the former Soviet Union Type Conference Article
  Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 199  
  Keywords zoos; captivity; management; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; status; captive-population; genetics; Eastern-Sayan-Reserve; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; browse; captive populations; populations; captive; eastern sayan reserve; easter; Sayan; reserve; protected area; areas; area; protected areas; 3450  
  Abstract  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Islt Place of Publication Usa Editor J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 229 Serial 597  
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