Wahlberg, C., Tarkkanen, A., & Blomqvist, L. (1982). Further observations on the multiple ocular coloboma (MOC) in the snow leopard, Panthers uncia. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (Vol. 3, pp. 139–144). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
Abstract: The first observation of the occurrence of multiple ocular coloboma (MOC) in a snow leopard was reported in the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards Volume I in 1978 (1). The lesions in this syndrome consist of coloboma of the upper eye lid and uveal coloboma of the globe. Even colobomatous retinal cysts and retinal dysplasia have been noted. The ethiology of in all ten cases of MOC in the snow leopards kept at the Helsinki Zoo were described and discussed in detail in Volume II of the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (2,3). Three cases of MOC in the snow leopards kept at Henry Doorly Zoo, Omaha, Ne., have been described by Phillips (4), one case is known of in Amsterdam (van Bree, personal communication), and two cases in Zoo Zurich (Isenbugel and Weilenmann, pers. comm.) The ethiology of the defect is still not known although various theories ranging from genetic to exogenous factors have been presented.
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Blomqvist, L. (1978). Photos of snow leopards. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 (Vol. 1, pp. 141–151). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
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Xu, G., MaMing, R., Buzzard, P., Blank, D. (2014). Nature reserve in Xingjiang: a snow leopard paradise or refuge for how long? Selevinia, 22, 144–149.
Abstract: The snow leopard Uncia uncia is an endangered species, which is widely but thinly
distributed throughout its range in the mountains of Central Asia. China contains as
much as 60% of the snow leopard’s potential habitat and has the largest population
of this species. Xinjiang is the largest province in China, covering an area of 1.66
million km² or about one-sixth of the land area of China. Xinjiang is one of the
most important areas for snow leopards with much potential habitat in mountain
ranges such as the north and south Tienshan and Kunlun containing almost 30% of the
world’s snow leopard population. By the end of 2013, total 35 natural reserves have
been established in Xinjiang, and 20 of these areas have snow leopards (Ma et al,
2013). In this paper, we report on the status of snow leopards in these protected
areas and show that they play an important role in protecting snow leopards and
their habitats. Then, we discuss the many problems and challenges faced by these
protected areas.
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Blomqvist, L. (1982). The 3. Snow Leopard Register. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (Vol. 3, pp. 145–164). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
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Shi, K., Jun, Z. F. S., Zhigang, D., Riordan, P., & MacDonald, D. (2009). Reconfirmation of snow leopards in Taxkurgan Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China. Oryx, 43(2), 169–170.
Abstract: China may hold a greater proportion of the global snow leopard Panthera uncia population than any other country, with the area of good quality suitable habitat, estimated at nearly 300,000 km2, comprising .50% of that available across the species' entire range. We can now reconfirm the presence of snow leopard in the Taxkurgan area of Xinjiang Province in north-west China after a period of 20 years.
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Subbotin, A. E., & Istomov, S. V. (2009). The population status of snow leopards Uncia uncia (Felidae, Carnivora) in the western Sayan Mountain Ridge. Doklady Biologicl Sciences, 425, 183–186.
Abstract: The snow leopard (Uncia uncial Schreber, 1776) is the most poorly studied species of the cat family in the world and, in particular, in Russia, where the northern periphery of the species area (no more than 3% of it) is located in the Altai-Hangai-Sayan range [1]. It is generally known that the existing data on the Russian part of the snow leopard population have never been a result of targeted studies; at best, they have been based on recording the traces of the snow leopard vital activity [2]. This is explained by the snow leopard's elusive behavior, inaccessibility of its habitats for humans, and its naturally small total numbers in the entire species area. All published data on the population status of the snow leopard in Russia, from the first descriptions of the species [3-6] to the latest studies [7, 8] are subjective, often speculative, and are not confirmed by
quantitative estimates. It is obvious, however, that every accurate observation of this animal is of particular interest [9]. The purpose of our study was to determine the structure and size of the population group presumably inhabiting the Western Sayan mountain ridge at the northern boundary of the species area
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Wahlberg, C., & Tarkkanen, A. (1980). On the multiple ocular coloboma with retinal dysplasia (MOC) in snow leopards, Pantera uncia. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (Vol. 2, pp. 183–194). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
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Ruedi, D., Heldstab, A., & van den Ingh, T. S. G. A. M. (1980). Liver cirrhosis in snow leopards – further results. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (Vol. 2, pp. 195–204). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
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Wahlberg, C. (1980). Autopsy findings and causes of death in captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia): a preliminary report. In L. Blomqvist (Ed.), International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards (Vol. 2, pp. 205–217). Helsinki: Helsinki Zoo.
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Kitchener, S. L., Meritt, & Rosenthal, M. (1975). Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia. Int.Zoo Yearbook, 15, 212–217.
Abstract: Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois.
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