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Author | Moiseev V.A. | ||||
Title | Mountain nature | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 86 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; distribution; habitats; preys; Red Data book; snow leopard.; 7680; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard inhabits the upper belt of the Tien Shan, Hissar Alai and Pamir mountains. More often it hunts for wild ibexes. Irbis avoids meeting … man, and even wounded it rarely attacks him. At the beginning of spring … snow leopard gives birth to two-five cubs. It lives up to 21 years. The snow leopard is registered in the Red Data Book of USSR and IUCN Red List. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature of Middle Asia in objective. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 746 | Serial | 701 | ||
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Author | Moiseev V.A. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 137-138 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; distribution; habitats; preys; Red Data book; snow leopard.; 7690; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopard inhabits in zones of alpine meadows and juniper forests. Main preys are ibexes and wild sheep. Irbis included in Red Data book of USSR. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of Uzbekistan. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 747 | Serial | 702 | ||
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Author | Molyukov M.I. | ||||
Title | Irbis | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 74-81 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; number; diet; behavior.; 7710; Russian | ||||
Abstract | In a popular form it tells about snow leopard, its geographical distribution, behavioral patterns, food, enemies and competitors, hunting behavior, etc. Given are interesting data concerning the number of ibex killed during one hunt in eastern Pamir (25 30 ibexes), cases of snow leopard's attacking bears and so on. Snow leopard rarely preys on livestock, mainly sheep and goats. Young snow leopards are easily tamed. There are about 2,000 snow leopards in the USSR about 1,500 of them are in Kyrgyzstan. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of the Red Data Book of the USSR. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 749 | Serial | 703 | ||
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Author | Mongar, T.B. | ||||
Title | Protected Area System Network: A Strategy for Managing Biodiversity in Bhutan | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | Bhutan; parks; reserves; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2430 | ||||
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Notes | Title, Monographic: Fourth World Parks Congress Place of Meeting: Caracas, Venezuela. Date of Copyright: 1992 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 194 | Serial | 704 | ||
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Author | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association | ||||
Title | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association Report March 2010 | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | nature; tourism; surveys; survey; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; attack; domestic; Animals; Animal; illegal; illegal hunting; hunting; territory; province; 2010; hunt; 1990; movements; movement; pasture; desert; number; species; birds; river; mountain; hunters; hunter; recent; government; structure; management; national; central; people; Report; gobi; Gobi Desert; reproduction; Adult; meat; food; ibex; wild; wild sheep; sheep; marmot; nutrition; schools; population; use; local; big; big game; big-game; game; 310; mountains; wolves; wolf; Seasons; times; zones; global; Mongolia; 40; history; ecology | ||||
Abstract | In accordance with order of the Ministry of Nature and Tourism, zoologists of our association have made surveys in three ways such as reasons why snow leopards attack domestic animals, “Snow leopard” trial operation to count them and illegal hunting in territories of Khovd, Gobi-Altai, Bayankhongor, Uvurkhangai and Umnugobi provinces from September 2009 to January 2010. As result of these surveys it has made the following conclusions in the followings: Reason to hunt them illegally: the principal reason is that administrative units have been increased and territories of administrative units have been diminished. There have been four provinces in 1924 to 1926, 18 since 1965, 21 since 1990. Such situation limits movements of herdsmen completely and pastures digressed much than ever before. As result of such situation, 70% of pastures become desert. Such digression caused not only heads of animals and also number of species. Guarantee is that birds such as owls, cuckoo, willow grouse in banks of Uyert river, Burkhanbuudai mountain, located in Biger soum, Gobi-Altai province, which are not hunted by hunters, are disappearing in the recent two decades. For that reason we consider it is urgently necessary for the government to convert administrative unit structures into four provinces. This would influence herdsmen moving across hundreds km and pastures could depart from digression. Second reason: cooperative movement won. The issues related to management and strengthening of national cooperatives, considered by Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in the meeting in March 1953 was the start of cooperatives' movement. Consideration by Yu. Tsedenbal, chairman of Ministers Council, chairman of the MPRP, on report “Result of to unify popular units and some important issues to maintain entity management of agricultural cooperatives” in the fourth meeting by the Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party /MPRP/ on December 16-17, 1959, proclaimed complete victory of cooperative. At the end of 1959, it could unify 767 small cooperative into 389 ones, unify 99.3 % of herdsmen and socialize 73.3 % of animals. The remaining of animals amount 6 million 163 thousands animals, and equals to 26.7% of total animals. This concerned number of animals related to the article mentioned that every family should have not more that 50 animals in Khangai zone and not more 75 animals in Gobi desert. It shows that such number could not satisfy needs of family if such number is divided into five main animals in separating with reproduction animals and adult animals. So herdsmen started hunt hoofed animals secretly and illegally in order to satisfy their meat needs. Those animals included main food of snow leopard such as ibex, wild sheep, and marmot. Third reason is that the state used to hunt ibex, which are main nutrition of snow leopards, every year. The administrative unit of the soum pursued policy to hunt ibex in order to provide meat needs of secondary schools and hospitals. That's why this affected decrease of ibex population. Preciously from 1986 to 1990 the permissions to hunt one thousands of wild sheep and two thousands of ibexes were hunt for domestic alimentary use every year. Not less than 10 local hunters of every soum used to take part in big game of ibexes. Also they hunted many ibexes, chose 3-10 best ibexes and hid them in the mountains for their consummation during hunting. Fourth reason: hunting of wolves. Until 1990 the state used to give prizes to hunter, who killed a wolf in any seasons of the year. Firstly it offered a sheep for the wolf hunter and later it gave 25 tugrugs /15 USD/. Every year, wolf hunting was organized several times especially picking wolf-cubs influenced spread and population of wolves. So snow leopard came to the places where wolves survived before and attack domestic animals. Such situation continued until 1990. Now population of ibexes has decreased than before 1990 since the state stopped hunting wolves, population of wolves increased in mountainous zones. We didn't consider it had been right since it was natural event. However population of ibexes decreased. Fifth reason: Global warming. In recent five years it has had a drought and natural disaster from excessive snow in the places where it has never had such natural disasters before. But Mongolia has 40 million heads of domestic animals it has never increased like such quantity in its history before. We consider it is not incorrect that decrease of domestic animals could give opportunities to raise population of wild animals. Our next survey is to make attempt to fix heads of snow leopards correctly with low costs. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1100 | Serial | 705 | ||
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Author | Munson, L.; Worley, M.B. | ||||
Title | Veno-occlusive disease in snow leopards (Panthera uncia) from zoological parks | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Vet Pathol | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 28 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 37-45 |
Keywords | Cirrhosis; epidemiology; Hemosiderosis; Hepadnaviridae; Hepatic; Hepatitis; pathology; Veno-Occlusive; veterinary; zoo | ||||
Abstract | Livers from 54 snow leopards, 4 days to 23 years old, that had died in 23 US zoos, were evaluated histopathologically to determine if the hepatic fibrosis, which has been noted to be prevalent in this species, was due to chronic active hepatitis from hepadnaviral infection, Ito cell proliferation, or hemosiderosis. Forty-two of 54 snow leopards had subintimal vascular fibrosis with partial or total occlusion of central and sublobular veins (veno-occlusive disease) of unknown origin. All 21 leopards older than 5 years were affected. Four leopards had chronic active hepatitis, and 12 leopards had cholangiohepatitis; but these lesions were not connected anatomically to central and sublobular venous fibrosis. Hepatocellular and Kupffer cell siderosis and Ito cell proliferation were prevalent and often coexisted with perisinusoidal, central, and sublobular venous fibrosis; but fibrosis was present in leopards without siderosis or Ito cell proliferation. The pattern and prevalence of veno-occlusive disease in these leopards was similar to that reported in captive cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), suggesting that a common extrinsic factor may cause the majority of hepatic disease in these large felid animals in captivity. | ||||
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ISSN | 0300-9858 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Document Type: eng | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 173 | Serial | 706 | ||
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Author | Murata, K.; Yanai, T.; Agatsuma, T.; Uni, S. | ||||
Title | Dirofilaria immitis infection of a snow leopard (Uncia uncia) in a Japanese zoo with mitochondrial DNA analysis | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 65 | Issue | Pages | 945-947 | |
Keywords | Dirofilaria immitis,Japan,snow leopard | ||||
Abstract | Three dog heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis) were detected in the lumen of the right cardiac ventriculus and of the pulmonary artery of a captive female snow leopard (Uncia uncia) that died of pancreatic carcinoma at a zoo in Japan. Neither clinical respiratory nor circulatory symptoms caused by the heartworm infection were observed. The filarial worms were identified as D. immitis from the morphologic characteristics of the esophagus, the presence of faint longitudinal ridges on the cuticular surface, the situation of vulva posterior to the esophagus, and the measurements of the body. The heartworms from the snow leopard were identical to that of D. immitis from dogs in the sequence of the cytochrome oxidase I region in the mitochondrial DNA. This host record is the first of D. immitis in U. uncia. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 892 | Serial | 707 | ||
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Author | Murray, D.; Kapke, C.; Evermann, J.; Fuller, T. | ||||
Title | Infectious disease and the conservation of free-ranging large carnivores | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Animal Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 241-254 | |
Keywords | infectous disease; free ranging; browse; infectious; Disease; 80 | ||||
Abstract | Large carnivores are of vital importance to the stability and integrity of most ecosystems, but recent declines in free-ranging populations have highlighted the potentially devastating effect of infectious diseases on their conservation. We reviewed the literature on infectious diseases of 34 large (maximum body mass of adults >20 kg) terrestrial carnivore species, 18 of which are considered to be threatened in the wild, and examined reports of antibody prevalence (seroprevalence) and cases of infection, mortality and population decline. Of 52 diseases examined, 44% were viral, 31% bacterial and the remainder were protozoal or fungal. Many infections were endemic in carnivores and/or infected multiple taxonomic families, with the majority probably occurring via inhalation or ingestion. Most disease studies consisted of serological surveys for disease antibodies, and antibody detection tended to be widespread implying that exposure to micro-organisms was common. Seroprevalence was higher in tropical than temperate areas, and marginally higher for infections known to occur in multiple carnivore groups. Confirmation of active infection via micro-organism recovery was less common for ursids than other taxonomic groups. Published descriptions of disease-induced population decline or extinction were rare, and most outbreaks were allegedly the result of direct transmission of rabies or canine distemper virus (CDV) from abundant carnivore species to less-common large carnivores. We conclude that the threat of disease epidemics in large carnivores may be serious if otherwise lethal infections are endemic in reservoir hosts and transmitted horizontally among taxa. To prevent or mitigate future population declines, research efforts should be aimed at identifying both the diseases of potential importance to large carnivores and the ecological conditions associated with their spread and severity. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 356 | Serial | 708 | ||
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Author | Myroniuk, P. | ||||
Title | Snow leopards down under | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 25-25 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1088 | Serial | 709 | ||
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Author | Namgail, T.; Fox, J.; Bhatnagar, Y.V. | ||||
Title | Habitat segregation between sympatric Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 262 | Issue | Pages | 57-63 | |
Keywords | argali; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; blue sheep; pseudois nayaur; Habitat selection; resource partitioning; niche relationship; 5200 | ||||
Abstract | Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni and blue sheep Pseudois nayaur have almost completely overlapping distributions encompassing most of the Tibetan plateau and its margins. Such a sympatric distribution of related species with similar ecological requirements implies that there is some degree of resource partitioning. This may be accomplished on the basis of habitat and/or diet separation. This study evaluated such ecological separation on the basis of physical habitat partitioning by these two sympatric ungulates in Hemis High Altitude National Park, Ladakh, India, in an area where the argali established a small new population in 1978. Such separation was tested for on the basis of expected difference between the species in their proximity to cliffs, associated with species-specific anti-predator behaviour. Tibetan argali selected habitats away from cliffs while blue sheep selected habitats close to cliffs. Blue sheep also selected steep slopes whereas argali selected gentle slopes. The two species did not differ in their use of habitats in terms of elevation. They did, however, differ in their use of plant communities; blue sheep selected sub-shrub and grass-dominated communities whilst argali selected forb-dominated communities. We suggest that the two species coexist in this site as a result of the differential use of habitat associated with their species-specific anti-predator strategies. |
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Notes | Full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 505 | Serial | 710 | ||
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