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Author |
Wingard, J.R.; Zahler, P. |
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Title |
Silent Steppe: The Illegal Wildlife Trade Crisis in Mongolia |
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Report |
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2006 |
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1-170 |
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Keywords |
steppe; illegal; wildlife; trade; Mongolia; study; threat; populations; population; areas; area; fur; fur trade; fur-trade; game; meat; hunting; Chain; impact; biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; conservation; rural; livelihood; Wildlife-Management; management; survey; survey methods; methods; history; action; International; enforcement; domestic; community-based; approach |
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Abstract |
The current study in Mongolia is truly groundbreaking, in that it shows that the problem of commercial wildlife trade is also vast, unsustainable, and a major threat to wildlife populations in other areas. This paper's Executive Summary briefs the topics of wildlife trade in Mongolia, fur trade, medicinal trade, game meat trade, trophy and sport hunting, trade chains and markets, trade sustainability, impacts of wildlife trade on biodiversity conservation, impacts of trade on rural livelihoods, enabling wildlife management, and management recommendations. The main content of the paper includes: wildlife trade survey methods, a history of wildlife trade in Mongolia, wildlife take and trade today, enabling wildlife management, and recommendations and priority actions. The recommendations have been divided into six separate sections, including (1) cross-cutting recommendations, (2) international trade enforcement, (3) domestic trade enforcement, (4) hunting management, (5) trophy and sport hunting management, and (6) community-based approaches. Each section identifies short-term, long-term, and regulatory goals in order of priority within each subsection. |
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World Bank |
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Washington, D.C. |
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East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department |
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Mongolian version. English language translation is also available in the SLN bibliography. Mongolia Discussion Papers. East Asia and Pacific Environment and Social Development Department. Washington D.C.: World Bank. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1079 |
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1026 |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Title |
The Development of the Captive Snow Leopard Population between 1984-1985 |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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181-189 |
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Keywords |
zoos; zoo; captivity; breeding; status; population; husbandry; captive; browse; 1760 |
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In 1984, 73 (31/41/1) cubs were born of which 47 (24/23) survived for six months or longer. This gives us a cub mortality of 35.6%. A total of 38 (11/26/1) snow leopards died in captivity in 1984. Five (2/3) specimens were wild caught at the same time in the USSR and then located in the zoos of ALma-Ata, Moscow and Novosibirsk. At the End of 1984, the captive stock consisted of 332 (168/164) snow leopards, an increase of forty animals from the previous year. |
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International Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India |
Place of Publication |
India |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 106 |
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161 |
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Author |
Kuzminikh, I. |
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Title |
Notes on the status of captive snow leopards in regions of the former Soviet Union |
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1994 |
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199 |
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zoos; captivity; management; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; status; captive-population; genetics; Eastern-Sayan-Reserve; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; browse; captive populations; populations; captive; eastern sayan reserve; easter; Sayan; reserve; protected area; areas; area; protected areas; 3450 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 229 |
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597 |
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Author |
Harris, R.B. |
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Title |
Dealing with uncertainty in counts of mountain ungulates |
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1994 |
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105-111 |
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ungulates; blue-sheep; argali; tahr; ibex; prey; predator; status; population; asia; blue; sheep; browse; 3260 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 224 |
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372 |
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Author |
Henschel, P.; Ray, J. |
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Title |
Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques |
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Miscellaneous |
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2003 |
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forest leopards; african rainforests; survey; monitoring techniques; lope reserve; gabon; central africa; congo; zaire; field testing; populations; wild meat; relative abundance; density; live-trapping; presence and absense surveys; ad-hoc survey; bushmeat; systematic survey; monitoring; individual identification; tracks; Discriminant Function Analysis; genotyping; scat; Hair; Dna; remote photography; camera trapping; capture rates; Trailmaster; Camtrakker; bait; duikers; pigs; elephant; bongo; okapi; human hunters; 5300 |
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Monitoring Techniques Forest leopards have never been systematically surveyed in African forests, in spite of their potentially vital ecological role as the sole large mammalian predators in these systems. Because leopards are rarely seen in this habitat, and are difficult to survey using the most common techniques for assessing relative abundances of forest mammals, baseline knowledge of leopard ecology and responses to human disturbance in African forests remain largely unknown. This technical handbook sums up the experience gained during a two-year study of leopards by Philipp Henschel in the Lop‚ Reserve in Gabon, Central Africa, in 2001/2002, supplemented by additional experience from carnivore studies conducted by Justina Ray in southwestern Central African Republic and eastern Congo (Zaire) . The main focus of this effort has been to develop a protocol that can be used by fieldworkers across west and central Africa to estimate leopard densities in various forest types. In developing this manual, Henschel tested several indirect methods to assess leopard numbers in both logged and unlogged forests, with the main effort devoted to testing remote photography survey methods developed for tigers by Karanth (e.g., Karanth 1995, Karanth & Nichols 1998; 2000; 2002), and modifying them for the specific conditions characterizing African forest environments. This handbook summarizes the results of the field testing, and provides recommendations for techniques to assess leopard presence/absence, relative abundance, and densities in African forest sites. We briefly review the suitability of various methods for different study objectives and go into particular detail on remote photography survey methodology, adapting previously developed methods and sampling considerations specifically to the African forest environment. Finally, we briefly discuss how camera trapping may be used as a tool to survey other forest mammals. Developing a survey protocol for African leopards is a necessary first step towards a regional assessment and priority setting exercise targeted at forest leopards, similar to those carried out on large carnivores in Asian and South American forests. |
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Wildlife Conservation Society |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 515 |
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382 |
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