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Author Kreuzberg-Mukhina, E.; Esipov A.V.; Bykova, E.A.; Vashetko, E.V.; Aromov, B. url 
  Title Development of the national Action Plan for the conservation of Snow Leopard in Uzbekistan. Report: 1-51 Type Report
  Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1-51 Issue Pages 1-52  
  Keywords development; national; action; plan; conservation; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Uzbekistan; Report; Chatkal nature reserve; nature; reserve; Hissar nature reserve; Islt; project; strategy; biology; status; factor; conservation measures; conservation measure  
  Abstract This document is the final report on the ISLT Project “Development of national Action plan for the conservation of Snow Leopard in Uzbekistan” and a Conservation Strategy for the Snow leopard in Uzbekistan. It includes biology and current status, limiting factors, existing and necessary conservation measures.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Uzbekistan Editor (up)  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Institute of Zoology, Chatkal nature reserve, Hissar nature reserve. Final Report on the ISLT project. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 969 Serial 594  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kyes, R.; Chalise, M.K. url 
  Title Snow Leopard Study Summary 2003, Langtang National Park, Nepal Type Report
  Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-7  
  Keywords snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; study; Langtang; national; national park; National-park; park; Nepal; project; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor (up)  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1071 Serial 606  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kyes, R.; Chalise, M.K. url 
  Title Assessing the Status of the Snow Leopard Population in Langtang National Park, Nepal Type Report
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-22  
  Keywords status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; population; Langtang; national; national park; National-park; park; Nepal; project; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; biodiversity; research; study; Support; Islt; approach; Data; conservation; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; survey; distribution; abundance; prey; prey species; prey-species; species; populations; programs; local; sign; pugmarks; scats; scat; primary; Himalayan; areas; area; Response; Pressure; domestic; domestic livestock; livestock; grazing  
  Abstract This project is part of an ongoing snow leopard study established in 2003 with support from the ISLT. The study involves a multifaceted approach designed to provide important baseline data on the status of the snow leopard population in Langtang National Park (LNP), Nepal and to generate long-term support and commitment to the conservation of snow leopards in the park. The specific aims include: 1) conducting a population survey of the snow leopards in LNP, focusing on distribution and abundance; 2) assessing the status of prey species populations in the park; and 3) providing educational outreach programs on snow leopard conservation for local school children (K-8) living in the park. During the 2004 study period, snow leopard signs were observed (including pugmarks and scats) although somewhat fewer than in 2003. Similarly, the average herd size of the snow leopards' primary prey species in LNP (the Himalayan thar) was a bit lower than in 2003. There is speculation that the thar populations and the snow leopards may be moving to more remotes areas of the park perhaps in response to increasing pressure from domestic livestock grazing. This possibility is being addressed during the 2005 study period.  
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  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program, 2004. University of Washington and Nepal Biodiversity Research Society/Tribhuvan University. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1072 Serial 607  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Mainka, S.A. url 
  Title Snow leopard surgery Type Magazine Article
  Year 1986 Publication Calgary Zoo Newsletter Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 10-10  
  Keywords snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; surgery; zoo; veterinary; veterinary service  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor (up)  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Dr. Sue Mainka, Veterinary Services. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 996 Serial 637  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Mallon, D.P. url 
  Title Status and Conservation of Large Mammals in Ladakh Type Journal Article
  Year 1991 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 56 Issue 1 Pages 101-119  
  Keywords Ladakh; India; snow-leopard; wolf; Canis-lupus; ibex; brown-bear; bear; Ursus-arctos; parks; reserves; hunting; herders; livestock; snow leopard; browse; canis; lupis; ursus; arctos; 800  
  Abstract The distribution and status of large mammals was surveyed in a 15 000 km2 study area in Ladakh, India. Snow leopard Panthera uncia, wolf Canis lupus, ibex Capra ibex and bharal Pseudois nayaur have an almost continuous distribution throughout; Ladakh urial Ovis vignei, Tibetan argali Ovis ammon, wild ass Equus kiang and brown bear Ursus arctos have a limited distribution. Snow leopard prefer lower altitudes and rocky, undisturbed areas. Ibex and bharal occupy similar rocky habitats but their ranges are mostly separate, with a small area of overlap. The Ladakh urial shows signs of recovery from an earlier decline. Natural resources are widely used for fuel, fodder and grazing, but favourable factors include a low human population, low level of hunting and the existence of some uninhabited and undisturbed areas. A comprehensive Protected Area Network has been proposed.  
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  Notes Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 175 Serial 647  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McCarthy, T. url 
  Title Re: Snow leopard conservation plan for Mongolia Type Report
  Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-18  
  Keywords snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; snow-leopard-conservation-plan; leopard; conservation; conservation plan; plan; Mongolia; Report; Wwf  
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  Notes Consultant's report to WWF Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 973 Serial 660  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McCarthy, T.; Khan, J.; Ud-Din, J.; McCarthy, K. url 
  Title First study of snow leopards using GPS-satellite collars underway in Pakistan Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Cat News Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 46 Issue Spring Pages 22-23  
  Keywords study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; using; collars; collar; Pakistan; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; habitat; Cats; cat; sound; knowledge; ecology; behavior; conserve; information; radio; radio collars; radio collar; radio-collars; radio-collar; Nepal; 1980; Mongolia; 1990; Gps; Report; Data; Satellite  
  Abstract Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) are highly cryptic and occupy remote inaccessible habitat, making studying the cats difficult in the extreme. Yet sound knowledge of the cat's ecology, behavior and habitat needs is required to intelligently conserve them. This information is lacking for snow leopards, and until recently so was the means to fill that knowledge gap. Two long-term studies of snow leopards using VHF radio collars have been undertaken in Nepal (1980s) and Mongolia (1990s) but logistical and technological constraints made the findings of both studies equivocal. Technological advances in the interim, such as GPS collars which report data via satellite, make studies of snow leopards more promising, at least in theory.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1009 Serial 666  
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Author Meiers, S.T. url 
  Title Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois Type Book Whole
  Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-74  
  Keywords habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief  
  Abstract Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher DePaul University Place of Publication Editor (up)  
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  Notes A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1008 Serial 673  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Ming, M. url 
  Title Study on Snow Leopards in Xinjiang (Training Guide) Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-25  
  Keywords 5360; study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Xinjiang  
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  Notes Training Guide supported by ISLT and XCF. In Chinese. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 381 Serial 680  
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Author Ming, M.; Yun, G.; Bo, W.   
  Title Man & the Biosphere: The special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards in China Type Journal
  Year 2008 Publication Man & the Biosphere Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 54 Issue 6 Pages 1-80  
  Keywords conservation; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; China; Chinese; national; 80; 200; endangered; McCarthy; awareness; action; surveys; survey; Tomur; mountain; Kunlun; mountains; Xinjiang; ecology; enterprises; Mongolia; Bayarjargal; 180; flagship-species; species; ecosystems; ecosystem; photography; Tianshan Mountains; attack; livestock; home; plateau; 30; snow-leopard-enterprises; 7080  
  Abstract The Chinese magazine <Man & the Biosphere> (Series No. 54, No. 6, 2008) -- A special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards was published by the Chinese National Committee for Man & the Biosphere in 15th December 2008. It is about 80 pages including ten articles with 200 color pictures. The special editors of this issue are the experts from SLT/XCF Prof. MaMing, Mrs. Ge Yun and Mr. Wen Bo. The first paper is “A King of Snow Peaks, Another Endangered Flagship Species” by Dr. Thomas McCarthy, Dr. Urs Breitenmmoser and Dr. Christine Breitenmoser-Wursten (Page 1-1). Another paper “ Conservation : Turning Awareness to Action ” is also from Dr. Thomas McCarthy (Pages from 6-17). There are four articles including the diary and story of the Surveys in Tomur Mountain and Kunlun Mountains written by Prof. MaMing, Mr. XuFeng, Miss Chen Ying and Miss Cheng Yun from the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Group and XCF, the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The last is “Snow Leopard Enterprises ” -- A Story from Mongolia by Mrs. Jennifer Snell Rullman and Mrs. Agvaantseren Bayarjargal (Bayara). It is a very useful copy for the conservation in China. Cited as:

Ma Ming, GeYun and WenBo (Special editors of this issue). 2008. The special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards in China. Man & the Biosphere 2008(6): 1-80. Contents 1, A king of snow peaks, another endangered flagship species (Synopsis) ------------- 1-1 The contents --------------------------------------------- ( pages from 2-3 )

2, Protecting Snow Leopard means protecting a healthy eco-systems -------------- 4-5

3, Conservation: Turning awareness into action -------------- 6-17

4, Chinese Snow Leopard Team goes into action -------------- 18-25

5, A diary of infrared photography -------------- 26-35

6, Why have the snow leopards in the Tianshan Mountains begun to attack livestock? --- 36-43

7, The mystery of the Snow Leopards coming down the Tianshan Mountains ----------- 44-45

8, Snow leopards secluded Home on the Plateau ------------- 46-59

9, He saw Snow Leopards 30 years ago ------------- 60-69

10, Snow Leopard Enterprises -- A story from Mongolia ------------- 70-80		  
  Address  
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  Notes Articles are posted individually in the bibliography. Please look up articles by author. In Chinese. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 977 Serial 684  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Namgail, T.   
  Title Interactions between argali and livestock, Gya-Miru Wildlife Sanctuary, Ladakh, India, Final Project Report Type Report
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-39  
  Keywords Interactions; interaction; argali; livestock; Gya-Miru; wildlife; sanctuary; sanctuaries; Ladakh; India; project; Report; land-use; land use; region; indian; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya; economy; Animal; products; meat; diet; people; wool; goats; goat; International; High; recent; change; population; grazing; Pressure; pasture; impact; 2000; knowledge; primary; Chundawat; wild; area; Support; ungulate; species; fox; nature; domestic; sheep; habitat; habitat use; use; tibetan; Tibetan argali; ovis; Ovis ammon hodgsoni; ammon; reserve; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trust; program  
  Abstract Livestock production is the major land-use in Ladakh region of the Indian Trans-Himalaya, and is a crucial sector that drives the region's economy (Anon, 2002). Animal products like meat and milk provide protein to the diet of people, while products like wool and pashmina (soft fibre of goats) find their way to the international market. Such high utility of livestock and the recent socio-economic changes in the region have caused an increase in livestock population (Rawat and Adhikari, 2002; Anon. 2002), which, if continue apace, may increase grazing pressure and deteriorate pasture conditions. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess the impact of such escalation in livestock population on the regions wildlife. Although, competitive interaction between wildlife and livestock has been studied elsewhere in the Trans-Himalaya (Bhatnagar et al., 2000; Mishra, 2001; Bagchi et al., 2002), knowledge on this aspect in the Ladakh region is very rudimentary. The rangelands of Ladakh are characterised by low primary productivity (Chundawat & Rawat, 1994), and the wild herbivores are likely to compete with the burgeoning livestock on these impoverished rangelands (Mishra et al., 2002). Thus, given that the area supports a diverse wild ungulate assemblage of eight species (Fox et al., 1991b), and an increasing livestock population (Rawat and Adhikari, 2002), the nature of interaction between wildlife and livestock needs to be assessed. During this project, we primarily evaluated the influence of domestic sheep and goat grazing on the habitat use of Tibetan argali Ovis ammon hodgsoni in a prospective wildlife reserve in Ladakh.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program, 2003. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1073 Serial 711  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Namgay, K. url 
  Title Snow Leopard and Prey Population Conservation in Bhutan Type Report
  Year 2007 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-5  
  Keywords 2000; 30; activities; activity; asia; Bhutan; China; conservation; dates; Dorji; field; government; habitat; habitats; India; International; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; international snow leopard trust; Jigme; Jigme-Dorji; leopard; leopards; methods; national; National-park; national park; Nepal; Pakistan; park; plan; population; populations; prey; program; programs; project; region; regional; Report; Slims; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; staff; status; strategy; Support; survey; surveys; techniques; training; trust; ungulate; us; using; wild; wildlife; work; workshop; world-wildlife-fund; world wildlife fund; Wwf  
  Abstract Snow leopard conservation work in Bhutan dates back to 1999 and 2000 when the International Snow Leopard Trust-in collaboration with the Royal Government of Bhutan and World Wildlife Fund-initiated a training workshop. More than 30 government staff were trained in SLIMS survey techniques. As a part of the training exercise, a preliminary survey on snow leopard was also carried out using the SLIMS methods in Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Park. Based on the survey results, we estimated there was a population of 100 snow leopards in the wild and 10,000 km2 of habitat. In 2005, World Wildlife Fund (WWF) organized the WWF/South Asia Regional Workshop on Snow leopard Conservation in Bhutan. Both regional (Bhutan, India, China, Nepal and Pakistan) and international experts revisited the snow leopard programs and developed a work plan for the overall conservation of the snow leopard in the region. This led to WWF's Regional Snow leopard Conservation Strategy. WWF is pleased to submit our final report to the International Snow Leopard Trust on the oneyear, $8,000 grant in support of Snow Leopard and Prey Population Conservation in Bhutan. With the support of the Snow Leopard Trust, we have made great strides towards achieving our goal for this project: To determine the current status of snow leopard and ungulate prey populations in prime snow leopard habitats. Major accomplishments and activities completed thanks to the generous support of the International Snow Leopard Trust include:

 Signed of a Terms of Reference between Royal Government, International Snow Leopard

Trust – India, World Wildlife Fund and International Snow Leopard Trust -US;

 Developed a joint revised project work plan; and

 Purchased basic field supplies and equipment needed for the surveys planned.		  
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  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program, 2006. Contact Thomas Dillon (202) 778-9766 phone or email Thomas.dillon@wwfus.org Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1074 Serial 714  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Oli, M.K. url 
  Title Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Journal of Mammalogy Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 75 Issue 4 Pages 998-1004  
  Keywords Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator  
  Abstract I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 JO Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 236 Serial 746  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Oli, M.K.; Taylor, I.R.; Rogers, M.E. url 
  Title Snow leopard Panthera unica predation of livestock: An assessment of local perceptions in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 68 Issue 1 Pages 63-68  
  Keywords predation; livestock; herders; goat; sheep; oxen; horse; Panthera-uncia; Nepal; snow-leopard; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; public attitudes; snow leopard; browse; panthera uncia; uncia; panthera; annapurna conservation area; annapurna; conservation; area; public; attitudes; 750  
  Abstract Public attitudes towards snow leopard Panthera uncia predation of domestic livestock were investigated by a questionnaire survey of four villages in snow leopard habitat within the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Most local inhabitants were subsistence farmers, many dependent upon yaks, oxen, horses and goats, with an average livestock holding of 26.6 animals per household. Reported losses to snow leopards averaged 0.6 and 0.7 animals per household in two years of study, constituting 2.6% of total stockholding but representing in monetary terms almost a quarter of the average annual Nepali national per capita income. Local people held strongly negative attitudes towards snow leopards and most suggested that total extermination of leopards was the only acceptable solution to the predation problem. Snow leopards were reported to be killed by herdsmen in defence of their livestock. The long-term success of snow leopard conservation programmes may depend upon the satisfactory resolution of the predation conflict. Some possible ways of reducing predation losses are also discussed.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Call Number: S900 .B5 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 237 Serial 747  
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Author Oli, M.K. url 
  Title The Snow Leopard Dilema: Will they Persist Type Conference Article
  Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 433-441  
  Keywords asia; Uncia-uncia; conservation; snow-leopard; protection; fur; medicine; livestock; predation; habitat; uncia; snow; leopard; snow leopard; browse; 920  
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  Notes Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Title, Monographic: 1995 AZA Regional Conference Proceedings Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 274 Serial 749  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Oli, M.K. url 
  Title Seasonal patterns in habitat use of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) in Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 60 Issue 2 Pages 187-193  
  Keywords blue-sheep; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; Nepal; conservation; prey; predator; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; panthera; uncia; 670  
  Abstract Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) are the main prey of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) as well as an important game species in Nepal. A knowledge of how blue sheep utilize their habitat is essential for the scientific management of the sheep and for the conservation of the snow leopard, but we only have a limited understanding of this aspect of blue sheep ecology. I studied the habitat use pattern of blue sheep by direct observation in the Anna-purna Conservation Area, Nepal where they occur sympatrically with the snow leopard. The sheep used grassland habitats more frequently during pre-parturition (spring) and post-parturition (autumn) than other habitat types, but scrub and grassland habitats were used equally frequently during the rut (winter). The sheep used smooth undulating slopes of medium steepness (<40 degrees) on southerly aspects within the elevation range of 4,200-4,600 m most frequently in all seasons, and there was no evidence of seasonal migration along the elevation gradient. When not in broken landforms (e.g., cliff, landslides), the sheep maintained proximity (less than or equal to 150 m) to such features suggesting their importance as escape cover (i.e., from predators). The use of habitat components by blue sheep appeared to be related to the distribution of foraging areas and escape cover.  
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  Notes UNIV EDINBURGH,INST CELL ANIM & POPULAT BIOL,EDINBURGH EH9 3JT,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLANDANNAPURNA CONSERVAT AREA PROJECT,KATMANDU,NEPAL /Publisher:MUSEUM NAT HIST NATURELLE, PARIS Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 289 Serial 751  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Pfeil, A.; Lucker, H.; Pfeil, I.   
  Title Leiomyoma in the urinary bladder of a female snow leopard (Uncia uncia, Schreber, 1776) Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Tier„rztliche Praxis Kleintiere Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 40-44  
  Keywords Bladder; captive; diagnostic; Female; german; leopard; origin; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; surgery; therapy; uncia; Uncia-uncia; Uncia uncia; urinary; veterinary; zoo  
  Abstract Summary

A leiomyoma of the urinary bladder in a 14-year-old female snow leopard exhibiting bloody vaginal discharge was removed by partial cystectomy. Gravel (struvite) was found in the urine of the inflammatory bladder. Additionally ovario-hysterectomy was performed. Histological findings showed a glandular-cystic hyperplasia. Tumors of the bladder are very rare in cats. Specifically the benign tumors of the bladder very often have no clinical relevance and rarely result in bladder dysfunction. Therefore they might remain undiagnosed in many cases, particularly since the diagnostic procedure in big cats is very extensive. Leiomyoma of the bladder in snow leopards have not been described yet. The present paper describes the surgery performed, the succeeding therapy, the struvit prophylaxis, and discusses the aetiology of the leiomyoma's origin on the basis of current literature. Zusammenfassung

Bei einer 14-j„hrigen Schneeleopardin mit blutigem Vaginalausfluss wurde ein Leiomyom der Blase durch partielle Zystektomie entfernt. Im Urin und in der entzndeten Blase konnte Grieá (Struvit) nachgewiesen werden. Gleichzeitig wurde eine Ovariohysterektomie durchgefhrt. Der histologische Befund ergab eine glandul„r-zystische Hyperplasie des Endometriums. Tumoren der Harnblase sind bei Katzen sehr selten. Vor allem benigne Blasentumoren haben oft keine klinische Relevanz und fhren selten zu Blasenfunktionsst”rungen. Es ist daher m”glich, dass sie insbesondere bei Groákatzen wegen der aufwendigen Diagnostik bersehen werden. Leiomyome in der Blase sind beim Schneeleoparden bisher nicht beschrieben. In diesem Artikel werden die durchgefhrte Operation, die folgende Therapie und Struvitprophylaxe beschrieben sowie m”gliche Žtiologien der Entstehung des Leiomyoms anhand der Literatur diskutiert.		  
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  Notes In German. Title: Leiomyom in der Blase bei einem weiblichen Schneeleoparden (Uncia uncia, Schreber, 1776). Aus dem Zoologischen Garten Dresden (Direktor: Dr. H. Lcker) und der Tier„rztlichen Klinik Dr. I. Pfeil, Dresden. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1055 Serial 772  
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Author Prakash, I. url 
  Title Asian predators of livestock Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Parasites, pests and predators.World animal science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume B2 Issue Pages 405-410  
  Keywords predators; asia; snow-leopard; livestock; status; prey; Panthera-uncia; distribution; predator; snow leopard; browse; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 870  
  Abstract Outlines the distribution, status and predatory behaviour on livestock of Chinese alligator Alligator sinensis, gharial Gavialis gangeticus and several species of Crocodylus and Python; and of wolf Canis lupus, Asiatic jackal C. aureus, dhole (Indian wild dog) Cuon alpinus, brown bear Ursus arctos, Asiatic black bear Selenarctos thibetanus, striped hyaena Hyaena hyaena, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa, leopard (panther) Panthera pardus, tiger P. tigris, lion P. leo, snow leopard P. uncia, other Felidae and Viverridae. -P.J.Jarvis  
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  Notes ED: Gaafar,-S.M.; et-al. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 84 Serial 791  
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Author Raghavan, B.; Bhatnagar, Y.; Qureshi, Q. url 
  Title Interactions between livestock and Ladakh urial (Ovis vignei vignei); final report Type Report
  Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-46  
  Keywords Interactions; interaction; livestock; Ladakh; urial; ovis; endangered; Animal; Iucn; 2000; Cites; indian; wildlife; protection; number; 1960; 70; hunting; meat; fox; Chundawat; population; range; species; recent; humans; Human; Pressure; habitat; areas; area; human activity; activity; activities; agriculture; pastoralism; development; dam; Base; threats; threat; poaching; grazing; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya; Competition; resource; presence; India; project; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trust; program  
  Abstract The Ladakh urial (Ovis vignei vignei) is a highly endangered animal (IUCN Red List 2000) listed in the Appendix 1 of CITES and Schedule 1 of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972. Its numbers had been reduced to a few hundred individuals in the 1960s and 70s through hunting for trophies and meat (Fox et al. 1991, Mallon 1983, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, IUCN Red List 2000). However, with the protection bestowed by the IWPA 1972, and resultant decrease in hunting, the population seems to have shown a marginal increase to about 1000-1500 individuals in its range in Ladakh (Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, IUCN Red List 2000). Although the species had in the past, been able to coexist with the predominantly Buddhist society of Ladakh, the recent increase in the population of both humans and their livestock has placed immense pressures on its habitat (Shackleton 1997, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). This is especially important considering that the Ladakh urial habitat coincides with the areas of maximum human activity in terms of settlements, agriculture, pastoralism and development, in Ladakh (Fox et al. 1991, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). Increased developmental activities such as construction of roads, dams, and military bases in these areas have also increased the access to their habitat. This has consequently made the species more vulnerable to the threats of poaching and habitat destruction (Fox et al. 1991, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2002). Pressure from increased livestock grazing is one of the major threats faced by the species today (Shackleton 1997, Fox et al. 1991, Mallon 1983, IUCN Red List 2000 Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). In the impoverished habitat provided by the Trans-Himalayas, there is great competition for the scarce resources between various animal species surviving here (Fox 1996, Mishra 2001). The presence of livestock intensifies this competition and can either force the species out of its niche (competitive exclusion) by displacing it from that area or resource, or lead to partitioning of resources between the species, spatially or temporally, for coexistence (Begon et al. 1986, Gause 1934).  
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  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Wildlife Institute of India. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1075 Serial 802  
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Author Raj, R.D. url 
  Title A Green Chief Minister in a Green State Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 4  
  Keywords India; snow-leopard; management; ecology; parks; reserves; snow leopard; browse; 1050  
  Abstract As chief minister of the Indian state of Sikkim, Pawan Kumar Chamling has the onerous job of protecting one of the hottest biodiversity properties in the world. Chamling has been more than equal to the task. Last month, he earned the title of “greenest chief minister” of India's 22 federal states for policies that range from banning plastic bags to cancelling a major hydro-electric project.  
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  Notes Copyright (c) 1999 Inter Press Service Journal Title: Inter Press Service Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 369 Serial 803  
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Author Rothschild, B.M.; Rothschild, C.; Woods, R.J.   
  Title Inflammatory arthritis in large cats: An expanded spectrum of spondyloarthropathy Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 279-284  
  Keywords Acinonyx-jubatus; cheetah; Felidae; Felis-concolor; mountain-lion; Felis-pardalis; ocelot; Panthera-leo; African-lion; Panthera-onca; jaguar; Panthera-pardus; leopard; Panthera-tigris; tiger; Panthera-uncia; snow-leopard; snow leopard; Acinonyx; jubatus; felis; concolor; mountain; lion; pardalis; panthera; leo; african; onca; pardus; tigris; uncia; browse; 1240  
  Abstract Spondyloarthropathy was documented for the first time in 14 (3.7%) of 386 large cats, affecting eight species belonging to three genera. The limited distribution of joint erosions, associated with spine and sacroiliac joint pathology, was indistinguishable from that occurring in humans with spondyloarthropathy of the reactive type. This form of inflammatory arthritis is almost twice as common as osteoarthritis (for felids as a whole), and animal well-being may be enhanced by its recognition and by initiation of specific treatment.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 353 Serial 832  
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Author Schaller, G.B.; Jurang, R.; Mingjiang, Q. url 
  Title Status of snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) in Qinghai-Province and Gansu Province-China Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 179-194  
  Keywords status; population; China; Qinhai-province; Gansu-province; conservation; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; prey; ungulates; blue-sheep; marmot; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; qinhai province; qinhai; province; gansu province; gansu; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 860  
  Abstract The status and distribution of the snow leopard Panthera uncia was investigated in two provinces of China. The cats occur over about 65,000km2 or 9% of the Qinghai Province, and in a few places along the western edge of Gansu Province. In many areas the animals have in recent decades been decimated or locally eradicated, as have their prey. Counts of wild ungulates in 9 mountain block, totalling 1375km2, known for abundant wildlife, had an average of 1.4-5.4 animals km2, principally blue sheep Psuedois nayaur, which together with marmot Marmota himalayana, represent the snow leopards main prey. Possibly 650 snow leopards survive in Qinghai but shooting and trapping of this legally protected animal and the hunting of blue sheep for local consumtion and export threaten their existence.  
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  Notes Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 113 Serial 867  
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Author Schaller, G.B.; Hong, L.; Talipu, J.; Mingjiang, R.Q.   
  Title The snow leopard in Xinjiang, China Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 197-204  
  Keywords China; Xinjiang; asia; refuges; parks; reserves; snow-leopard; prey; livestock; predators; herders; fur; management; snow leopard; browse; 930  
  Abstract Snow leopards live in the mountains of Central Asia, their range stretching from Afganastan to Lake Baikal in Eastern Tibet. They are endangered throughout their range, being hunted as predators of mains livestock and for their skin. Much of the snow leopards range lies in China, but not enough is known about its staus there for effective conservation. As part of a project to assess China's high altitude wildlife resources the authors conducted a survey in Xinjiang- a vast arid region of deserts and mountains. Although the snow leopard and other wildlife have declined steeply in Xinjiang in recent decades, the cta still persists and one area has the potential to become one of the best refuges for the species in its entire range. Its future in XInjiang, howevere, depends on well protected reserves, enforcement of regulations against killing the animal, and proper managemnt of the prey species.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 129 Serial 868  
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Author Scheber   
  Title Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1975 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 17  
  Keywords Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960  
  Abstract Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976.  
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  Notes The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian, Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 28 Serial 872  
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Author Shi, K.; Jun, Z.F.S.; Zhigang, D.; Riordan, P.; MacDonald, D. url 
  Title Reconfirmation of snow leopards in Taxkurgan Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 43 Issue 2 Pages 169-170  
  Keywords administration; Beijing; China; conservation; global; habitat; management; nature; presence; province; range; research; reserve; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; species; uncia; wildlife; Xinjiang  
  Abstract China may hold a greater proportion of the global snow leopard Panthera uncia population than any other country, with the area of good quality suitable habitat, estimated at nearly 300,000 km2, comprising .50% of that available across the species' entire range. We can now reconfirm the presence of snow leopard in the Taxkurgan area of Xinjiang Province in north-west China after a period of 20 years.  
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  Notes SHI KUN Institute of Wildlife Conservation and Management, Beijing Forestry University, China ZHU FUDE SHI JUN and DAI ZHIGANG Xinjiang Forestry Administration, China PHILIP RIORDAN and DAVID MACDONALD Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon, OX13 5QL, UK. E-mail philip.riordan@zoo.ox.ac.uk Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1056 Serial 884  
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