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Johnson, D. |
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The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation goes international |
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1994 |
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Endangered Species Update, A |
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11 |
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10 |
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A10 |
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Nfwf; India; asia; siberia; endangered-species; snow-leopard; managemnet; conservation; snow leopard; browse; endangered; species; 1150 |
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Abstract: The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) which is a conservation organization created in 1984 aims to conserve the species on an international context before they are endangered which will enable a more effective conservation procedure. The NFWF has addressed the causes of endangered species in India and South Asia such as the tiger, Indian wolf and the snow leopard and has supported the conservation efforts of the Siberian tiger. It has cooperated with multi-national organizations to evaluate the best strategy that could be adopted to prevent a future extinction of several species and has supported CITES programs |
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SLN @ rana @ 254 |
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500 |
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Johnson, W.E.; Dratch, P.A.; Martenson, J.S.; O'Brien, S.J. |
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Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation |
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1996 |
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Journal of Mammalian Evolution |
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3 |
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2 |
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97-120 |
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Evolution; Evolutionary-Lineages; Mitochondrial-Dna; Mitochondrial-Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism-Variation; phylogeny; Recent-Radiations; Restriction-Enzymes; Tigrina; snow-leopard; browse; evolutionary; lineages; mitochondrial; Dna; restriction; fragment; length; polymorphism; variation; radiation; enzymes; recent; recent radiation; 1340 |
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Patterns of mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation were used to resolve more recent relationships among the species of the Felidae ocelot lineage, domestic cat lineage, and pantherine lineage. Twenty-five of 28 restriction enzymes revealed site variation in at least 1 of 21 cat species. The ocelot lineage was resolved into three separate sister taxa groups: Geoffroy's cat (Oncifelis geoffroyi) and kodkod (O. guigna), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii), and pampas cat (Lynchailurus colocolo) and most of the tigrina samples (Leopardus tigrina). Within the domestic cat lineage, domestic cat (Felis catus), European wild cat (F. silvestris), and African wild cat (F. libyca) formed a monophyletic trichotomy, which was joined with sand cat (F. margarita) to a common ancestor. Jungle cat (F. chaus) and black-footed cat (F. nigripes) mtDNAs diverged earlier than those of the other domestic cat lineage species and are less closely related. Within the pantherine lineage, phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct groups, uniting lion (P. leo) with leopard (P. pardus) and tiger (P. tigris) with snow leopard (P. uncia). |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: QL708.5 J68 |
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SLN @ rana @ 276 |
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501 |
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Johnson, W.E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W.J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E.; O'Brien, S.J. |
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The Late Miocene Radiation of Modern Felidae: A Genetic Assessment |
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Miscellaneous |
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2006 |
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Science |
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311 |
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74-77 |
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carnivore; classification; divergence; Dna; Felidae; fossil; lineages; Miocene; mitochondrial; Molecular; phylogeny; radiation; taxonomic |
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Modern felid species descend from relatively recent (G11 million years ago) divergence and speciation events that produced successful predatory carnivores worldwide but that have confounded taxonomic classifications. A highly resolved molecular phylogeny with divergence dates for all living cat species, derived from autosomal, X-linked, Y-linked, and mitochondrial gene segments (22,789 base pairs) and 16 fossil calibrations define eight principal lineages produced through at least 10 intercontinental migrations facilitated by sea-level fluctuations. A ghost lineage analysis indicates that available felid fossils underestimate (i.e., unrepresented basal branch length) first occurrence by an average of 76%, revealing a low representation of felid lineages in paleontological remains. The phylogenetic performance of distinct gene classes showed that Y-chromosome segments are appreciably more informative than mitochondrial DNA, X-linked, or autosomal genes in resolving the rapid Felidae species radiation. |
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SLN @ rana @ 908 |
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502 |
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Khatiwada, J.R.; Chalise, M.K.; Kyes, R. |
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Survey of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) populations in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Nepal. Final report |
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Report |
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2007 |
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1-13 |
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survey; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; blue; blue sheep; blue-sheep; sheep; Pseudois; pseudois nayaur; Pseudois-nayaur; nayaur; populations; population; conservation; area; Nepal; Report; study; information; management; system; Slims; relative abundance; abundance; transects; transect; length; sign; scrapes; scrape; 20; feces; scent; pugmarks; hairs; Hair; using; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; patterns; herders; herder; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Animals; Animal |
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This study was carried out in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Eastern Nepal from Feb – Nov 2007. We used the Snow Leopard Information Management System, SLIMS (second order survey technique) to determine the relative abundance of snow leopard in the upper part of KCA. Altogether, 36 transects (total length of 15.21 km) were laid down in the major three blocks of KCA. 104 Signs (77 scrapes, 20 feces, 2 Scent mark, 3 Pugmarks and 2 hairs) were recorded. Fixed-point count method was applied for blue sheep from appropriate vantage points. We counted total individual in each herd using 8x42 binocular and 15-60x spotting scope. A total of 43 herds and 1102 individuals were observed in the area. The standard SLIMS questionnaire was conducted to find out relevant information on livestock depredation patterns. Out of 35 households surveyed in KCA, 48% of herders lost livestock due to snow leopards. A total of 21 animals were reportedly lost due to snow leopards from August to September 2007. |
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Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1070 |
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533 |
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Klubnikin, K.; Annett, C.; Cherkasova, M.; Shishin, M.; Fotieva, I. |
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The sacred and the scientific: Traditional ecological knowledge in Siberian River conservation |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Ecological-Applications. |
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10 |
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5 |
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1296-1306 |
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endangered-species; Human; Hominidae; Altaians; plant; Plantae; snow-leopard; Felidae; endemism; hydroelectric-dam; land-management; perestroika; species-diversity; traditional-ecological-knowledge; water-resource-management; snow leopard; browse; hydroelectric; dam; endangered; species; land; management; diversity; species diversity; traditional; ecological.; knowledge; water; resource; 30 |
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The Katun River originates in the steppe of the Altai Mountains in Siberia. One of the major headwaters of the Ob River, the Katun is considered central to the culture of the indigenous Altaians. The Katun Valley contains large numbers of important cultural sites, dating from the Neolithic and representing some of the earliest human settlement in Russia. Modern-day Altaians still observe traditional ceremonies honoring the river and springs throughout the watershed and utilize traditional ecological knowledge in their management of the land and water resources. Russian and international scientists have identified the Altai Mountains as a region of high plant diversity and endemism, and as important habitat for endangered species such as the snow leopard. The Katun River itself contains species of threatened and endangered fishes, and its headwaters are part of the unusual Mongolian ichthyofaunal province that is characterized by high levels of endemism. The same regions are considered by the Altaian people to be special or sacred and are recognized by Western scientists as having great value for conservation. During the era of perestroika, a hydroelectric dam was to be built on the Katun. The large dam, a vestige of the earlier Soviet plan for the Project of the Century, would have devastated significant agricultural, ecological, recreational, and cultural resources. The indigenous Altaian people would have lost much of their sacred and cultural landscape. The Katun dam project united indigenous people, well-known Siberian writers, and scientists in protest, which became so heated that it engaged the international community, with lasting effects on Russian society. The magnitude of the protest illustrates the importance of the Altai Mountain region to all of Russia. The active participation of indigenous Altaians reflected their traditional willingness to take action against political decisions that negatively impacted the environmental, cultural, and religious values of their homeland. Their involvement also reflected the new wave of awareness under perestroika that underscored a greater respect and autonomy for indigenous peoples in Russia. |
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Document Type: English
Call Number: QH540 .E273 |
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SLN @ rana @ 390 |
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537 |
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Kolmstetter, C.; Munson, L.; Ramsay, E.C. |
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Degenerative spinal disease in large felids |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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J Zoo Wildl Med |
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31 |
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1 |
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15-19 |
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Age-Factors; Animal; Animals; zoo; Autopsy; veterinary; Carnivora; Female; Lions; Male; Age; factor; browse; 110 |
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Degenerative spinal disorders, including intervertebral disc disease and spondylosis, seldom occur in domestic cats. In contrast, a retrospective study of 13 lions (Panthera leo), 16 tigers (Panthera tigris), 4 leopards (Panthera pardis), 1 snow leopard (Panthera uncia), and 3 jaguars (Panthera onca) from the Knoxville Zoo that died or were euthanatized from 1976 to 1996 indicated that degenerative spinal disease is an important problem in large nondomestic felids. The medical record, radiographic data, and the necropsy report of each animal were examined for evidence of intervertebral disc disease or spondylosis. Eight (three lions, four tigers, and one leopard) animals were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease. Clinical signs included progressively decreased activity, moderate to severe rear limb muscle atrophy, chronic intermittent rear limb paresis, and ataxia. The age at onset of clinical signs was 10-19 yr (median = 18 yr). Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column was useful in assessing the severity of spinal lesions, and results were correlated with necropsy findings. Lesions were frequently multifocal, included intervertebral disc mineralization or herniation with collapsed intervertebral disc spaces, and were most common in the lumbar area but also involved cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Marked spondylosis was present in the cats with intervertebral disc disease, presumably subsequent to vertebral instability. Six of the animals' spinal cords were examined histologically, and five had acute or chronic damage to the spinal cord secondary to disc protrusion. Spinal disease should be suspected in geriatric large felids with decreased appetite or activity. Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column is the most useful method to assess the type and severity of spinal lesions. |
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1042-7260 |
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Document Type: eng |
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SLN @ rana @ 384 |
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545 |
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Lutz, H.; Hofmann-Lehmann, R.; Fehr, D.; Leutenegger, C.; Hartmann, M.; Ossent, P.; Grob, M.; Elgizoli, M.; Weilenmann, P. |
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Liberation of the wilderness of wild felids bred under human custody: Danger of release of viral infections |
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Journal Article |
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1996 |
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Schweizer Archiv fuer Tierheilkunde |
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138 |
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12 |
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579-585 |
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endangered-species; European-Wild-Cat; Fiv; Fpv; Host; Human-Custody; infection; Pathogen; Reintroduction-Projects; Relocation-Projects; survival; Tibet; Veterinary-Medicine; Viral-Disease; Viral-Infection; Wild-Felid; Wild-Felid-Breeding; Wilderness-Liberation; Wildlife-Management; browse; endangered; species; european; wild; cat; Human; custody; reintroduction; project; relocation; veterinary; medicine; Viral; Disease; wild felid; breeding; wilderness; liberation; management; 690 |
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There are several felidae amongst the numerous endangered species. Means of aiding survival are the reintroduction to the wild of animals bred under the auspices of man and their relocation from densely populated to thinly populated areas. It is unlikely that the dangers of such reintroduction or relocation projects have been examined sufficiently in respect to the risks of virus infections confronting individuals kept in zoos or similar situations. This report presents infections may be expected to occur when relo- three examples to illustrate that accidental virus cating and reintroducing wild cats. The first example is the reintroduction of captive snow leopards. Zoo bred snow leopards may be infected with FIV, a virus infection that is highly unlikely to occur in the original hirnalayan highlands of Tibet and China. A second example is of several cases of FIP that occured in European wild cats bred in groups in captivity. The third example mentioned is the relocation of hons from East Africa where all the commonly known feline viruses are wide-spread to the Etosha National Park. In the latter, virus infections such as FIV, FCV and FPV do not occur. The indiscriminate relocation and reintroduction of the wild cats mentioned here harbours a potential of undesirable consequences. |
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Document Type: German |
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SLN @ rana @ 287 |
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629 |
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Martin, C.L.; Stiles, J.; Willis, M. |
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Feline colobomatous syndrome |
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1997 |
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Veterinary-and-Comparative-Ophthalmology |
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7 |
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1 |
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39-43 |
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Blindness; Colobomatous-Syndrome; Congenital-Disease; Eye-Disease; Eyelid-Agenesis; Microphthalmos; Nervous-System; Nervous-System-Disease; Optic-Nerve; Retinal-Dysplasia; Sense-Organs; Veterinary-Medicine; veterinary; medical; browse; colobomatous; Syndrome; congenital; Disease; eye; eyelid; agenesis; nervous; system; Optic; Nerve; retinal; dysplasia; sense; organs; medicine; 1330 |
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A syndrome of multiple congenital ocular anomalies in a litter of domestic kittens is described which appears identical to the multiple colobomatous syndrome described in captive Snow Leopards. The lesions varied between kittens in the litter, but ranged from microphthalmos with blindness to mild alterations in the lateral lid margins that resulted in trichiasis. The syndrome of eyelid agenesis in the domestic cat may encompass a broad range of congenital ocular lesions and multiple siblings, but the cause and mechanism of lesion formation is unknown. |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 319 |
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650 |
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Ming, M. |
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The Problems About Conservation of Wildlife Animals In Xinjiang |
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2001 |
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Arid Land Geography |
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24 |
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47-51 |
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China; conservation; development; distribution; ecosystem; management; nature reserves; protected areas; species diversity; Xinjiang |
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As an important part of the ecosystem in the world, the wild are highly sensitive to impel the public to pay an increasing attention to the vertebrates and their habitats. The region from Xinjiang to Central Asian countries and from north China to Mongolia, explored less by zoologists. The region is mainly consisted of deserts and high mountain ranges many lakes and rivers that provide the suitable habitats for wildlife. These are actually unknown. Conservation in the modern sense is a very important part of development, especially in the Western Development of China. This paper deals with the species diversity and vertebrates' conservation in Xinjiang. Since 1980, over 20 Iocal nature reserves and 4 nationaI nature reserves have been established in Xinjiang. There are about 700 vertebrate species (in 5 classesœª37 ordersœr97 familiesœª196 genera) in Xinjiang. These cover about 134 species of mammalsœª392® 430 species of birdsœr40® 45 species of reptilesœª6® 7 species of amphibians and 93® 120 fishes. With the rapid economic development, some protected areas exist only in name. The areas are not only havens for wild species, but also maintain ecological benefits. Xinjiang is a very special region in China. The wild animals are different from those in other provinces along the east coast and in the interior. There are many questions about the conservation of wild animals in Xinjiang, e.g. the threatened species distinguishing, distribution and management, etc. So the paper is for reference only to the Great Development of Western China. |
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In Chinese. |
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SLN @ rana @ 536 |
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679 |
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Raj, R.D. |
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A Green Chief Minister in a Green State |
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1999 |
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4 |
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India; snow-leopard; management; ecology; parks; reserves; snow leopard; browse; 1050 |
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As chief minister of the Indian state of Sikkim, Pawan Kumar Chamling has the onerous job of protecting one of the hottest biodiversity properties in the world. Chamling has been more than equal to the task. Last month, he earned the title of “greenest chief minister” of India's 22 federal states for policies that range from banning plastic bags to cancelling a major hydro-electric project. |
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Copyright (c) 1999 Inter Press Service Journal Title: Inter Press Service |
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SLN @ rana @ 369 |
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803 |
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