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	Author	Schaller, G.B.; Hong, L.; Talipu, J.; Mingjiang, R.Q.
	Title	The Snow Leopard in Xinjiang, China			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1989	Publication	Snow Line	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	winter	Issue		Pages
	Keywords	surveys; research; Tian-Shan; scrapes; sign; range; browse; 4780
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Seattle	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 465			Serial	869
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	Author	Subbotin, A.E.; Istomov, S.V.
	Title	The population status of snow leopards Uncia uncia (Felidae, Carnivora) in the western Sayan Mountain Ridge			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2009	Publication	Doklady Biologicl Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	425	Issue		Pages	183-186
	Keywords	population; status; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; Felidae; Carnivora; Sayan; mountain; Russian; Test; species; cat; Russia; area; range; Data; study; activity; activities; behavior; habitats; habitat; humans; Human; number; description; Animal; structure
	Abstract	The snow leopard (Uncia uncial Schreber, 1776) is the most poorly studied species of the cat family in the world and, in particular, in Russia, where the northern periphery of the species area (no more than 3% of it) is located in the Altai-Hangai-Sayan range [1]. It is generally known that the existing data on the Russian part of the snow leopard population have never been a result of targeted studies; at best, they have been based on recording the traces of the snow leopard vital activity [2]. This is explained by the snow leopard's elusive behavior, inaccessibility of its habitats for humans, and its naturally small total numbers in the entire species area. All published data on the population status of the snow leopard in Russia, from the first descriptions of the species [3-6] to the latest studies [7, 8] are subjective, often speculative, and are not confirmed by quantitative estimates. It is obvious, however, that every accurate observation of this animal is of particular interest [9]. The purpose of our study was to determine the structure and size of the population group presumably inhabiting the Western Sayan mountain ridge at the northern boundary of the species area
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0012-4966	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Original Russian test published in Doklady Akademii Nauk, Vol. 425, No.6, pp.846-849.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1005			Serial	941
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	Author	International Snow Leopard Trust
	Title	Snow Leopard News Autumn/ Winter 2000			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2000	Publication	Snow Leopard News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	McCarthy; Mongolia; field-work; surveys; collars; habitat; research; home-ranges; tourism; parks; preserves; reserves; Islt; Nepal; women; conservation; awareness; herders; crafts; livestock; pelts; furs; bones; hunting; incentives; browse; 4370
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Seattle, Wa	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1. Dr. Tom McCarhty Joins ISLT Team2.Community Based Tourism3.Women and Snow Leopard Conservation4.Taking Stock in Snow Leopard Conservation5.Saving the Snow Leopard with Knitting Needles			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 425			Serial	928
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	Author	Sokolov V.E.
	Title	Snow leopard genus			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1979	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	238-240
	Keywords	snow leopard; taxonomy; species range; habitats; reproduction; diet; Pregnancy; birth; cubs; lifetime; endangered species.; 8240; Russian
	Abstract	Genus Uncia has only one species snow leopard. Described is the length of body, length of tail, body weight, colour, skull, number of teeth, habitat, reproduction, and life expectancy. This species has no essential practical value and is included in the Red Data Book as an endangered species.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Taxonomy of mammals.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 802			Serial	907
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	Author	Sludskiy A.A.
	Title	*Snow leopard or irbis Pantera (Uncia) uncia* Schreber (1776)**			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1973	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol. 34. Hunting mammals of Kazakhstan	Issue		Pages	74-83
	Keywords	Ussr; Kazakhstan; snow leopard; species range; distribution; number; habitats; hunting; pelts; conservation measures.; 8170; Russian
	Abstract	A detailed description of the snow leopard habitat in Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Pakistan, and India is given. Provided are data concerning its distribution and population size in the USSR, Kazakhstan and other neighbour countries, as well as its habitat, catching, and fur trade. Reduction of the snow leopard catching volumes for zoological trade to 10 or less animals is recommended to preserve the species; establish two new highland nature reserves; improve the management of snow leopard raising in captivity.
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	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Volumes of the Institute of Zoology, Kazakh SSR.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 795			Serial	898
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	Author	Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N.
	Title	Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	Adv.Etho	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue		Pages	43
	Keywords	abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management
	Abstract	Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management.
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	Notes	WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors).			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 349			Serial	897
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	Author	Shrestha, R.; Wegge, P.
	Title	Wild sheep and livestock in Nepal Trans-Himalaya: coexistence or competition?			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Environmental Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	32	Issue	2	Pages	125-136
	Keywords	bharal; blue sheep; diet; food habits; mountain ungulates; Nepal; pastoralism; pseudois nayaur; rangeland management; resource partitioning
	Abstract	Excessive grazing by livestock is claimed to displace wild ungulates in the Trans-Himalaya. This study compares the seasonal diets and habitat use of sympatric wild naur Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus, sheep Ovis aries and free-ranging yak Bos grunniens in north Nepal and analyses their overlap both within and across seasons. Alpinemeadow and the legumes Oxytropis and Chesneya were critical resources for all animal groups. High overlap occurred cross-seasonally when smallstock (sheep and goats) in summer used the spring and autumn ranges of naur. Relatively high total ungulate biomass (3028 kg km-2) and low recruitment of naur (56 young per 100 adult females in autumn) suggested interspecific competition. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in composition and phenology of food plants across the steep gradient of altitude, together with rotational grazing, appears to indirectly facilitate coexistence of naur and smallstock. However, owing to high crossseasonal (inter-seasonal) overlaps, competition is likely to occur between these two groups at high stocking densities. Within seasons, naur overlapped more with free-ranging yak than with smallstock. As their habitat use and diets were most similar in winter, when both fed extensively on the same species of shrubs, naur was most likely to compete with yak during that season.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 936			Serial	890
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	Author	Shi, K.; Jun, Z.F.S.; Zhigang, D.; Riordan, P.; MacDonald, D.
	Title	Reconfirmation of snow leopards in Taxkurgan Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2009	Publication	Oryx	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	2	Pages	169-170
	Keywords	administration; Beijing; China; conservation; global; habitat; management; nature; presence; province; range; research; reserve; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; species; uncia; wildlife; Xinjiang
	Abstract	China may hold a greater proportion of the global snow leopard Panthera uncia population than any other country, with the area of good quality suitable habitat, estimated at nearly 300,000 km2, comprising .50% of that available across the species' entire range. We can now reconfirm the presence of snow leopard in the Taxkurgan area of Xinjiang Province in north-west China after a period of 20 years.
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	Publisher	Fauna & Flora International	Place of Publication	United Kingdom	Editor
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	Notes	SHI KUN Institute of Wildlife Conservation and Management, Beijing Forestry University, China ZHU FUDE SHI JUN and DAI ZHIGANG Xinjiang Forestry Administration, China PHILIP RIORDAN and DAVID MACDONALD Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon, OX13 5QL, UK. E-mail philip.riordan@zoo.ox.ac.uk			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1056			Serial	884
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	Author	Schaller, G.B.; Tserendeleg, J.; Amarsana, G.
	Title	Observations on snow leopards in Mongolia			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1994	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	33-42
	Keywords	Mongolia; gobi; Altay; Altai; survey; surveys; habitat; scrapes; markings; feces; spray; distribution; status; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; activity; conservation; home-range; protected-areas; movements; predator; prey; diet; livestock; herders; ibex; argali; hunting; poaching; trapping; killing; browse; home range; protected areas; protected; 2710
	Abstract
	Address
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	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Usa	Editor	J.Fox; D.Jizeng
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	Notes	Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. International Snow Leopard TrustPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 258			Serial	870
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	Author	Sunquist, F.
	Title	Where cats and herders mix. (snow leopards in Tibet and Mongolia)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	International Wildlife	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	27	Issue	1	Pages	27-33
	Keywords	Mongolia; Tibet; herder; livestock; snow-leopard; predator; prey; World-Wildlife-Foundation; habitat; reserve; park; refuge; Pakistan; China; herders; parks; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; Wwf; world wildlife foundation; 1110; snow; leopard; range; territory; central; Central Asia; asia; Animal; region; conservation; wildlife; foundation; border; sheep; Baltistan; enclosures; area; home; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; countries; country; Feed; Cats; cat; mountain; peoples; people
	Abstract	The snow leopard inhabits a huge range of territory which encompasses some of Central Asia's most bleak and inhospitable terrains. The animal herders in these regions are desperately poor and yet they have agreed to cooperate with conservation groups in protecting the snow leopard. The World Wildlife Foundation has worked to create a refuge on the Pakistan-China border. Sheep herders near Askole, a village in the Baltistan region of northern Paksitan, drive their flocks past stone enclosures. The area is also home to snow leopards. With their natural prey dminished, leopards in 13 countries of central Asia occasionally feed on livestock, putting the cats on a collision course with mountain peoples.
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	Notes	COPYRIGHT 1997 National Wildlife Federation , Jan-Feb 1997 v27 n1 p26(8) Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 330			Serial	950
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