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Author Rasool, G.
Title The status of management of protected areas in the Northern Areas of Pakistan Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Tigerpaper Abbreviated Journal
Volume Xxi Issue 1 Pages 23-26
Keywords parks; Pakistan; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; status; protected-area; browse; protected area; protected areas; area; areas; protected; 2120
Abstract
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 241 Serial 808
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Author International Snow Leopard Trust
Title Trade Continues in Snow Leopard Skins Type Miscellaneous
Year 1996 Publication Snowline Abbreviated Journal
Volume xiv Issue Pages
Keywords poaching; pelts; trade; asia; Pakistan; China; Kashgar; browse; 4550
Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 443 Serial 924
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Author International Snow Leopard Trust
Title Snow Leopard News Fall 2001 Type Miscellaneous
Year 2001 Publication Snow Leopard News Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords seattle; fund-raising; volunteers; annual-appeal; Woodland-Park-Zoo; Tserendeleg; Mongolia; Macne; Islt; Pakistan; Afganastan; Malik; September-11th; war; conservation; China; Slims; Tnc; Yunnan; Slss; Snow-Leopard-Survival-Summit; Sullenberger; Munktsog; irbis-enterprises; Cnn; Abc; tourism; travel; crafts; Dolijinsuren; browse; 4340
Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Full Text at URLTable of Contents:1.Thanks Again to Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle2.Mongolia's Conservation Leader Passed Away3.The Presence of the Trust4.ISLT and the Nature Conservancy Team up in China5.Snow Leopard Survival Summit Postponed6.Mongolia's Snow Leopards in the News7.Volunteers for Snow Leopards8.From Cozzy Mitts to Tea Cozies Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 422 Serial 932
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Author International Snow Leopard Trust
Title Snow Leopard News Spring 1999 Type Miscellaneous
Year 1999 Publication Snow Leopard News Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Chitrol-Gol; Pakistan; Turner-foundation-grant; zoos; cooperation; conservation; Islt; Jackson; Slims; Singh; indictator-species; prey; browse; 4400
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Chitrol Gol National Park, Pakistan Febuary 19992.ISLT Recieves Turner Foundation Grant3.ISLT and Zoos Continue Link for Conservation Success4.News and Notes5.Field Notes6.Jay Singh7.Snow Leopard Spot Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 428 Serial 925
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Author International Snow Leopard Trust
Title Snow Leopard News Summer 2000 Type Miscellaneous
Year 2000 Publication Snow Leopard News Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Woodland-Park-Zoo; seattle; cubs; McCarthy; Allen; volunteer; Peter-Mathiessen; Chitrol-Gol; Pakistan; livestock; predator; prey; killing; Haleem; field-study; research; corraling; villagers; herders; browse; 4380
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Full Text at URLTable of Contents1.Woodland Park Zoo Society Awards $65,000 Challenge Grant to ISLT2.ISLT Completes Search for Conservation Director and Program Officer3.Volunteer Needed4.News and Notes5.Donate to ISLT on the Internet without Spending a Cent6.Seven Snow Leopards Spotted in Chitral Gol National Park in Pakistan Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 426 Serial 929
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Author Anonymous
Title You can help save the snow leopard Type Miscellaneous
Year Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Pakistan, snow leopard, conservation
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Pakistani Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes English translation. Year unknown. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1270
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Author Ahmad, S., Ali, H., Asif, M., Khan, T, Din, N., Rehman, E. U., Hameed, S., Din, J. U., Nawaz, M. A.
Title Spatial density pattern of Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibirica) in Pakistan Type Journal Article
Year 2022 Publication Global Ecology & Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 39 Issue e02288 Pages 1-12
Keywords Himalayan ibex, Population, Hindu Kush, Himalaya, Karakoram, Pakistan
Abstract Mountain ungulates perform a key role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems as they are the primary consumers of vegetation and prey for large predators. The mountain ranges of northern Pakistan are home to six species of mountain ungulates, and the Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica), hereafter ibex, is the most abundant among them. This study was conducted in three administrative regions of northern Pakistan, viz. Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), to generate a range-wide density pattern map of ibex. A double-observer survey was conducted in 25 study sites during 2018–2021 across the ibex distribution range, covering an area of about 35,307 km2, by walking transects totaling 1647 km. Within the ibex range where the survey was not conducted due to financial and logistical constraints, we obtained species population information from local wildlife departments’ most recent annual survey data. The aim was to generate a density map for the entire ibex range. Using the BBRe-capture package in program R, we estimated an ibex population of 7639 (95 % CI) with a mean density of 0.21/km2 in the surveyed area. Combining with the secondary data from un-surveyed areas, the total population estimate for the country came to 10,242 ibex. The largest population densities were observed in four valleys (Shimshal, Gulkin-Hussaini, Khyber, and Khunjerab) of the Karakoram-Pamir range, followed by the Hindu Kush range (Chitral Wildlife Division [WD]). The central and eastern parts of the Karakoram range had moderate to low densities, while the Himalayan range (e.g., Astore Valley) supported a small population. The mean herd size was 15 individuals (range: 5–41), and the average detection probability of observers A and B was 0.69 and 0.48, respectively. The average male and young ratios per 100 females were estimated to be 75 and 81, respectively. The range-wide density map developed during the study provided an evidence for the impact of trophy hunting programs and an objective tool for range-wide conservation planning of the species.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1699
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Author Din, J. U., Bari, F., Ali, H., Rehman, E. U., Adli, D. S. H., Abdullah, N. A., Norma-Rashid, Y., Kabir, M., Hameed, S., Nawaz, D. A., Nawaz, M. A.
Title Drivers of snow leopard poaching and trade in Pakistan and implications for management Type Journal Article
Year 2022 Publication Nature Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 46 Issue Pages 49-62
Keywords conflict, illegal trade, northern Pakistan, pelt, poaching; retaliatory killing
Abstract The snow leopard is one of the highly valued species from high-altitude mountain ecosystems of Central and Southeast Asia, including Pakistan. This keystone species is facing a myriad of conventional and emerging threats, including poaching and trade, that are poorly documented in Pakistan. To understand the dynamics and drivers of the poaching and trading of snow leopards in Pakistan, we investigated the issue in depth through a multifaceted survey in the snow leopard range of the country. We recorded 101 snow leopard poaching incidences from 11 districts during 2005–2017. The reported poaching incidences varied spatially (‒x = 9 ± 2.6 [95% Cl: 3–15]) and temporally (‒x = 7.8 ± 1.09) and accounted for 2–4% annual population loss (n = 200–420) in a period of 13 years. Poaching and trade together constituted 89% of the total incidence reported and animals were mostly shot (66%), poisoned (12%), snared (12%) and captured (4%), respectively. Only a fraction (3%) of the incidences were reported to the relevant law enforcement agencies. Trade routes included large cities and neighbouring countries, even the Middle East and Europe. The average base and end prices for each item were 245 ± 36 USD and 1,736 ± 520 USD, respectively, while maximum monetary fines set as per the law were 275 USD. Our results establish the need for developing multi-stakeholder coordination mechanisms at regional, national and international levels and information sharing to curb this menace. Improving the existing laws and surveillance system, while taking the local communities onboard, will further help to this end.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1672
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Author Aruge, S., Batool, H., Khan, F. M., Abbas, F. I., Janjua, S
Title A pilot study&#65533;genetic diversity and population structure of snow leopards of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, using molecular techniques. Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication PeerJ Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue 7672 Pages 1-14
Keywords Population, Genetics, Panthera uncia, Pakistan, Molecular markers
Abstract Background: The Hindu Kush and Karakoram mountain ranges in Pakistan&#65533;s northern areas are a natural habitat of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia syn. Uncia uncia) but the ecological studies on this animal are scarce since it is human shy by nature and lives in dif!cult mountainous tracts. The pilot study is conducted to exploit the genetic diversity and population structure of the snow leopard in this selected natural habitat of the member of the wildcat family in Pakistan.

Method: About 50 putative scat samples of snow leopard from !ve localities of Gilgit-Baltistan (Pakistan) along with a control sample of zoo maintained male snow leopard were collected for comparison. Signi!cant quality and quantity of genomic DNA was extracted from scat samples using combined Zhang&#65533;phenol&#65533;chloroform method and successful ampli!cation of cytochrome c oxidase I gene (190 bp) using mini-barcode primers, seven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and Y-linked AMELY gene (200 bp) was done.

Results: Cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequencing suggested that 33/50 (66%) scat samples were of snow leopard. AMELY primer suggested that out of 33 ampli!ed samples, 21 (63.63%) scats were from male and 12 (36.36%) from female leopards. Through successful ampli!cation of DNA of 25 out of 33 (75.75%) scat samples using SSR markers, a total of 68 alleles on seven SSR loci were identi!ed, showing low heterozygosity, while high gene "ow between population.

Discussion: The low gene flow rate among the population results in low genetic diversity causing decreased diversi!cation. This affects the adaptability to climatic changes, thus ultimately resulting in decreased population size of the species.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1491
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Author Khatoon, R., Hussain, I., Anwar, M., Nawaz, M. A.
Title Diet selection of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Chitral, Pakistan Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Turkish Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue 14 Pages 914-923
Keywords Snow leopard, conservation, seasonal variation, diet composition, Chitral, Pakistan
Abstract Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an elusive endangered carnivore found in remote mountain regions of Central Asia, with

sparse distribution in northern Pakistan, including Chitral and Baltistan. The present study determined the food habits of snow leopard,

including preferred prey species and seasonal variation in diet. Fifty-six scat samples were collected and analyzed to determine the

diet composition in two different seasons, i.e. summer and winter. Hair characteristics such as cuticular scale patterns and medullary

structure were used to identify the prey. This evidence was further substantiated from the remains of bones, claws, feathers, and other

undigested remains found in the scats. A total of 17 prey species were identified; 5 of them were large mammals, 6 were mesomammals,

and the remaining 6 were small mammals. The occurrence of wild ungulates (10.4%) in the diet was low, while livestock constituted a

substantial part (26.4%) of the diet, which was higher in summer and lower in winter. Mesomammals altogether comprised 33.4% of

the diet, with palm civet (Paguma larvata) as a dominant (16.8%) species, followed by golden marmot (Marmota caudate) (8.8%), which

was higher in winter. There was a significant difference in seasonal variation in domestic livestock and small mammals. The livestock

contribution of 26.4% observed in the present study indicates a significant dependence of the population on livestock and suggests

that the study area is expected to be a high-conflict area for snow leopards. The results of the current study would help improve the

conservation efforts for snow leopards, contributing to conflict resolution and effective management of this endangered cat.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1459
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