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Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
Title | The snow leopard EEP in 1996 | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 26-29 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1083 | Serial | 168 | ||
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Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
Title | The snow leopard register | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 218-238 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; register; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1084 | Serial | 151 | ||
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Author | Blomqvist, L.; Rieger, I. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard references | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 258-262 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; references; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Continued from the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards I, 1978 | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 1085 | Serial | 152 | ||
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Author | Freeman, H. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard: a cooperative study between zoos | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 127-136 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; study; zoos; zoo; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1086 | Serial | 317 | ||
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Author | Myroniuk, P. | ||||
Title | Snow leopards down under | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 25-25 | |
Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1088 | Serial | 709 | ||
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Author | Nishine, Y. | ||||
Title | The captive snow leopard programme (SSCJ) in Japan | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 21-25 | |
Keywords | captive; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Japan; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1089 | Serial | 721 | ||
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Author | Peters, G. | ||||
Title | The vocal repertoire of the snow leopard (Uncia uncia, Schreber 1775) | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 137-158 | |
Keywords | Vocal; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1090 | Serial | 770 | ||
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Author | Blomqvist, L. | ||||
Title | Photos of snow leopards | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 239-257 | |
Keywords | leopard; leopards; photo; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1091 | Serial | 153 | ||
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Author | Ruedi, D.; Heldstab, A.; van den Ingh, T.S.G.A.M. | ||||
Title | Liver cirrhosis in snow leopards – further results | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 195-204 | |
Keywords | Liver; Cirrhosis; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1092 | Serial | 836 | ||
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Author | Schacter, A.; Fitzgerald, K.; Doherty, J. | ||||
Title | Development of a snow leopard with and away from mother and siblings in the first six months | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 112-126 | |
Keywords | development; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1093 | Serial | 850 | ||
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Author | Wahlberg, C. | ||||
Title | Autopsy findings and causes of death in captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia): a preliminary report | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 205-217 | |
Keywords | Autopsy; Death; captive; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Report; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1095 | Serial | 998 | ||
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Author | Wahlberg, C.; Tarkkanen, A. | ||||
Title | On the multiple ocular coloboma with retinal dysplasia (MOC) in snow leopards, Pantera uncia | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 183-194 | |
Keywords | multiple; Coloboma; retinal; Retinal-Dysplasia; dysplasia; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; International; pedigree | ||||
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Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 1096 | Serial | 999 | ||
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Author | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association | ||||
Title | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association Report March 2010 | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | nature; tourism; surveys; survey; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; attack; domestic; Animals; Animal; illegal; illegal hunting; hunting; territory; province; 2010; hunt; 1990; movements; movement; pasture; desert; number; species; birds; river; mountain; hunters; hunter; recent; government; structure; management; national; central; people; Report; gobi; Gobi Desert; reproduction; Adult; meat; food; ibex; wild; wild sheep; sheep; marmot; nutrition; schools; population; use; local; big; big game; big-game; game; 310; mountains; wolves; wolf; Seasons; times; zones; global; Mongolia; 40; history; ecology | ||||
Abstract | In accordance with order of the Ministry of Nature and Tourism, zoologists of our association have made surveys in three ways such as reasons why snow leopards attack domestic animals, “Snow leopard” trial operation to count them and illegal hunting in territories of Khovd, Gobi-Altai, Bayankhongor, Uvurkhangai and Umnugobi provinces from September 2009 to January 2010. As result of these surveys it has made the following conclusions in the followings: Reason to hunt them illegally: the principal reason is that administrative units have been increased and territories of administrative units have been diminished. There have been four provinces in 1924 to 1926, 18 since 1965, 21 since 1990. Such situation limits movements of herdsmen completely and pastures digressed much than ever before. As result of such situation, 70% of pastures become desert. Such digression caused not only heads of animals and also number of species. Guarantee is that birds such as owls, cuckoo, willow grouse in banks of Uyert river, Burkhanbuudai mountain, located in Biger soum, Gobi-Altai province, which are not hunted by hunters, are disappearing in the recent two decades. For that reason we consider it is urgently necessary for the government to convert administrative unit structures into four provinces. This would influence herdsmen moving across hundreds km and pastures could depart from digression. Second reason: cooperative movement won. The issues related to management and strengthening of national cooperatives, considered by Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in the meeting in March 1953 was the start of cooperatives' movement. Consideration by Yu. Tsedenbal, chairman of Ministers Council, chairman of the MPRP, on report “Result of to unify popular units and some important issues to maintain entity management of agricultural cooperatives” in the fourth meeting by the Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party /MPRP/ on December 16-17, 1959, proclaimed complete victory of cooperative. At the end of 1959, it could unify 767 small cooperative into 389 ones, unify 99.3 % of herdsmen and socialize 73.3 % of animals. The remaining of animals amount 6 million 163 thousands animals, and equals to 26.7% of total animals. This concerned number of animals related to the article mentioned that every family should have not more that 50 animals in Khangai zone and not more 75 animals in Gobi desert. It shows that such number could not satisfy needs of family if such number is divided into five main animals in separating with reproduction animals and adult animals. So herdsmen started hunt hoofed animals secretly and illegally in order to satisfy their meat needs. Those animals included main food of snow leopard such as ibex, wild sheep, and marmot. Third reason is that the state used to hunt ibex, which are main nutrition of snow leopards, every year. The administrative unit of the soum pursued policy to hunt ibex in order to provide meat needs of secondary schools and hospitals. That's why this affected decrease of ibex population. Preciously from 1986 to 1990 the permissions to hunt one thousands of wild sheep and two thousands of ibexes were hunt for domestic alimentary use every year. Not less than 10 local hunters of every soum used to take part in big game of ibexes. Also they hunted many ibexes, chose 3-10 best ibexes and hid them in the mountains for their consummation during hunting. Fourth reason: hunting of wolves. Until 1990 the state used to give prizes to hunter, who killed a wolf in any seasons of the year. Firstly it offered a sheep for the wolf hunter and later it gave 25 tugrugs /15 USD/. Every year, wolf hunting was organized several times especially picking wolf-cubs influenced spread and population of wolves. So snow leopard came to the places where wolves survived before and attack domestic animals. Such situation continued until 1990. Now population of ibexes has decreased than before 1990 since the state stopped hunting wolves, population of wolves increased in mountainous zones. We didn't consider it had been right since it was natural event. However population of ibexes decreased. Fifth reason: Global warming. In recent five years it has had a drought and natural disaster from excessive snow in the places where it has never had such natural disasters before. But Mongolia has 40 million heads of domestic animals it has never increased like such quantity in its history before. We consider it is not incorrect that decrease of domestic animals could give opportunities to raise population of wild animals. Our next survey is to make attempt to fix heads of snow leopards correctly with low costs. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1100 | Serial | 705 | ||
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Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
Title | Snow leopards and blue sheep in Nepal: Densities and predator: prey ratio | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1994 | Publication | Journal of Mammalogy | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 75 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 998-1004 |
Keywords | Nepal; blue-sheep; prey; livestock; predation; blue; sheep; browse; 740; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; blue sheep; densities; density; predator | ||||
Abstract | I studied snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, to estimate numbers and analyze predator-prey interactions. Five to seven adult leopards used the 10-5-km-2 study area, a density of 4.8 to 6.7 leopards/100 km-2. Density of blue sheep was 6.6 10.2 sheep/km-2, and biomass density was 304 kg/km-2. Estimated relative biomass consumed by snow leopards suggested that blue sheep were the most important prey; marmots (Marmota himalayana) also contributed significantly to the diel of snow leopards Snow leopards in Manang were estimated to harvest 9-20% of total biomass and 11-24% of total number of blue sheep annually. Snow leopard: blue sheep ratio was 1:114-1:159 on a weight basis, which was considered sustainable given the importance of small mammals in the leopard's diet and the absence of other competing predators. | ||||
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Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: 599.05 JO | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 236 | Serial | 746 | ||
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Author | Wang, X.; Schaller, G.B. | ||||
Title | Status of large mammals in Western Inner Mongolia, China | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology) | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 93-104 | ||
Keywords | China; Mongolia; Inner-Mongolia; snow leopards; browse; inner; 2930 | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 292 | Serial | 1003 | ||
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Author | Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. | ||||
Title | Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1975 | Publication | Int.Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 15 | Issue | Pages | 212-217 | |
Keywords | breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park | ||||
Abstract | Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 31 | Serial | 535 | ||
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Author | Sunquist, F. | ||||
Title | Where cats and herders mix. (snow leopards in Tibet and Mongolia) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | International Wildlife | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 27-33 |
Keywords | Mongolia; Tibet; herder; livestock; snow-leopard; predator; prey; World-Wildlife-Foundation; habitat; reserve; park; refuge; Pakistan; China; herders; parks; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; Wwf; world wildlife foundation; 1110; snow; leopard; range; territory; central; Central Asia; asia; Animal; region; conservation; wildlife; foundation; border; sheep; Baltistan; enclosures; area; home; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; countries; country; Feed; Cats; cat; mountain; peoples; people | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard inhabits a huge range of territory which encompasses some of Central Asia's most bleak and inhospitable terrains. The animal herders in these regions are desperately poor and yet they have agreed to cooperate with conservation groups in protecting the snow leopard. The World Wildlife Foundation has worked to create a refuge on the Pakistan-China border. Sheep herders near Askole, a village in the Baltistan region of northern Paksitan, drive their flocks past stone enclosures. The area is also home to snow leopards. With their natural prey dminished, leopards in 13 countries of central Asia occasionally feed on livestock, putting the cats on a collision course with mountain peoples. | ||||
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Notes | COPYRIGHT 1997 National Wildlife Federation , Jan-Feb 1997 v27 n1 p26(8) Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 330 | Serial | 950 | ||
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Author | Sloane, A.; Kelly, C.; McDavitt, S.; Marples, N. | ||||
Title | Big cats in captivity: a quantitative analysis of enrichment | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Adv.Etho | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 43 | |
Keywords | abnormal-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; zoos; enrichment; abnormal; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; browse; 1280; study; big; big cats; Cats; cat; zoo; effects; Lions; lion; jaguar; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; behaviour; using; activity; activities; change; presence; enclosures; range; scent; cage; horse; hides; management | ||||
Abstract | Studies on three species of big cats at Dublin Zoo have led to firm conclusions about the effects of certain forms of enrichment, some of which will be presented here. Lions, jaguars, and snow leopards were studied over two years and their behaviours quantified using focal animal sampling during selected hours during daylight. By comparison of these activity budgets with and without the enrichments being present, it was possible to identify the exact behavioural changes caused by each enrichment method, and to quantify these changes. In this contribution we present results showing that the presence of a platform in both lion and jaguar enclosures dramatically reduced stereotypic pacing behaviour. We will demonstrate that the effects of short term enrichment devices may have a wide range of effects on behaviours which outlast the presence of the stimulus. For instance scents added to the cage, or food/play items such as horse hides, hidden fish or ice-blocks often reduce pacing and increase resting later in the day, even after the cats have ceased using the enrichment items. This reduction in pacing and increase in resting time often meant that the amount of the enclosure used per hour was actually reduced with the presence of new stimuli, as result opposite to what might have been expected. The results of these studies will be discussed in relation to effective animal management. | ||||
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Notes | WILDLIFE REVIEW ABSTRACTS (“Contributions to the International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany, 7-10 October 1998”; Hofer, Heribert; Pitra, Christian; Hofmann, Reinhold R., editors). | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 349 | Serial | 897 | ||
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Author | Ming, M. | ||||
Title | Study on Snow Leopards in Xinjiang (Training Guide) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-25 | ||
Keywords | 5360; study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Xinjiang | ||||
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Notes | Training Guide supported by ISLT and XCF. In Chinese. | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 381 | Serial | 680 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Conservation Comes of Age | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | Mongolia; snow-leopard-conservation-plan; slcp; conservation; knitting-for-snow-leopards; education; herders; conflict; livestock; prey; David-Shepard-Conservation-Foundation; WWF-Mongolia; browse; snow; leopard; plan; knitting; foundation; Dscf; Wwf; 3860 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL Published in Cat News, 2000 | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 382 | Serial | 661 | ||
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Author | Allen, P.; Macray, D. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Enterprises Description and Summarized Business Plan | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | snow; leopard; enterprises; buisness; plan; habitat; humans; conflict; irbis; products; wool; conservation; marketing; Mongolia; social; economic; conflicts; country; countries; socks; hats; gloves; 4890; Human; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; central; Central Asia; asia; ecosystem; region; populations; population; herders; herder; threat; potential; impact; environment; Elements; landscape; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; snow-leopard-enterprises | ||||
Abstract | The habitat for both humans and snow leopards in Central Asia is marginal, the ecosystem fragile. The struggle for humans to survive has often, unfortunately, brought them into conflict with the region's dwindling snow leopard populations. Herders commonly see leopards as a threat to their way of life and well-being. Efforts to improve the living conditions of humans must consider potential impacts on the environment. Likewise, conservation initiatives cannot ignore humans as elements of the landscape with a right to live with dignity and pride. Based on these principles, the International Snow Leopard Trust has developed a new conservation model that addresses the needs of all concerned. We call it Snow Leopard Enterprises.. |
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Seattle | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 475 | Serial | 68 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T. | ||||
Title | Snow Leopard Survival Strategy | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | snow; leopard; strategy; survival; conservation; network; poaching; community; community-based; Pra; participatory; rural; assessment; threat; threats; leopards; trafficking; Slss; 5150 | ||||
Abstract | The Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS) is a blueprint to guide the work of organizations and individuals working to conserve the endangered snow leopard. The SLSS was drafted in a collaborative fashion and includes the input of more than 65 of the world's leaders in snow leopard research and conservation. Implementation of the SLSS is overseen by the Snow Leopard Network (SLN), a partnership of organizations and individuals from government and private sectors who work together for the effective conservation of the snow leopard, its prey, and its natural habitat to the benefit of people and biodiversity | ||||
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Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust; Snow Leopard Network | Place of Publication | Seattle, WA | Editor | |
Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
Series Editor | McCarthy, T. and C.G. | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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Notes | Author, Subsidiary: Allen, P.; Chapron, G.; Fox, J.; Jackson, R.; Mishra, C.; Theile, S.Date of Copyright: 2003 | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 500 | Serial | 664 | ||
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Author | Andriuskevicius, A. | ||||
Title | Occurrance of Snow Leopards in the Soviet Union | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 59-69 | |
Keywords | 2290; area; areas; browse; distribution; park; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; refuge; reserve; reserves; Russia; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; soviet; Soviet-Union; soviet union; status; U.S.S.R.; union; Ussr | ||||
Abstract | Outlines status and distribution of snow leopard in USSR, including comments on reserves created for the species. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 51 | Serial | 73 | ||
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Author | Henschel, P.; Ray, J. | ||||
Title | Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | forest leopards; african rainforests; survey; monitoring techniques; lope reserve; gabon; central africa; congo; zaire; field testing; populations; wild meat; relative abundance; density; live-trapping; presence and absense surveys; ad-hoc survey; bushmeat; systematic survey; monitoring; individual identification; tracks; Discriminant Function Analysis; genotyping; scat; Hair; Dna; remote photography; camera trapping; capture rates; Trailmaster; Camtrakker; bait; duikers; pigs; elephant; bongo; okapi; human hunters; 5300 | ||||
Abstract | Monitoring Techniques Forest leopards have never been systematically surveyed in African forests, in spite of their potentially vital ecological role as the sole large mammalian predators in these systems. Because leopards are rarely seen in this habitat, and are difficult to survey using the most common techniques for assessing relative abundances of forest mammals, baseline knowledge of leopard ecology and responses to human disturbance in African forests remain largely unknown. This technical handbook sums up the experience gained during a two-year study of leopards by Philipp Henschel in the Lop‚ Reserve in Gabon, Central Africa, in 2001/2002, supplemented by additional experience from carnivore studies conducted by Justina Ray in southwestern Central African Republic and eastern Congo (Zaire) . The main focus of this effort has been to develop a protocol that can be used by fieldworkers across west and central Africa to estimate leopard densities in various forest types. In developing this manual, Henschel tested several indirect methods to assess leopard numbers in both logged and unlogged forests, with the main effort devoted to testing remote photography survey methods developed for tigers by Karanth (e.g., Karanth 1995, Karanth & Nichols 1998; 2000; 2002), and modifying them for the specific conditions characterizing African forest environments. This handbook summarizes the results of the field testing, and provides recommendations for techniques to assess leopard presence/absence, relative abundance, and densities in African forest sites. We briefly review the suitability of various methods for different study objectives and go into particular detail on remote photography survey methodology, adapting previously developed methods and sampling considerations specifically to the African forest environment. Finally, we briefly discuss how camera trapping may be used as a tool to survey other forest mammals. Developing a survey protocol for African leopards is a necessary first step towards a regional assessment and priority setting exercise targeted at forest leopards, similar to those carried out on large carnivores in Asian and South American forests. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | Wildlife Conservation Society | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 515 | Serial | 382 | ||
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Author | Aromov B. | ||||
Title | The Biology of the Snow Leopard in the Hissar Nature Reserve | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 108-109 | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; snow leopard; Hissar ridge; Hissar nature reserve; number; diet; breeding.; 6070; Russian; work; Data; biology; snow; snow-leopard; leopard; nature; reserve; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; times; tracks; pugmarks; Feed; ibex; kills; kill; Age; records; predation; Case; horses; horse; marmot; Himalayan; domestic; goat; wild; wild boar; sheep; Cattle; attack | ||||
Abstract | The work contains data on biology snow leopard in Hissar nature reserve, Uzbekistan. The number of snow leopards in this reserve has increased from two or four in 1981 to between 13 and 17 individuals in 1994. Since 1981, snow leopards have been sighted 72 times and their tracks or pugmarks 223 times. In the Hissar Nature Reserve snow leopards largely feed on ibex. Over a period of 14 years, 92 kills and remains of ibex aged from one to thirteen years of age have been examined. Other records of predation, by the number of events observed, include 33 cases of juvenile and mature horses, 25 long-tailed marmot (Marmota caudata). 18 Himalayan snowcock (Tetraogallus himalayemis), 17 domestic goat, 13 wild boar (Sus scrofa), five domestic sheep and three incidents involving cattle. Twenty-two attacks on domestic flocks were reported, and these occurred during both the daytime and at night. Snow leopards usually mate between the 20th of February and March 20th. The offspring are born in late April to May, and there are usually two per litter (23 encounters), although a single litter of three has also been recorded. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceeding of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad. | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 586 | Serial | 99 | ||
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