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| Author | Sukhbat, K.; Munkhtsog, B. | ||||
| Title | Density and Distribution of Ibex and Argali Sheep in Mongolia | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 121-123 | ||
| Keywords | Mongolia; argali; habitat; predator; prey; ibex; ungulates; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; 2840 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 329 | Serial | 942 | ||
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| Author | Rana, B.S. | ||||
| Title | Distinguishing kills of two large mammalian predators in Spiti Valley Himachal Pradesh | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | J.Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 94 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 553 |
| Keywords | behavior; endangered; threatened species; foods; feeding; mammals; predation; wildlife; livestock relationships; snow leopard; Tibetan wolf; prey; livestock; India; panthera uncia; canis lupis; browse; threatened; species; relationships; tibetan; wolf; panthera; uncia; canis; lupis; 610 | ||||
| Abstract | The author studied livestock killed by predators in the Spiti Valley, India, to determine what species had killed yaks, horses, donkeys, and other domestic animals. Eleven of the kills examined were made by snow leopards and six by the Tibetan wolf. Wolves were involved in surplus killings, while snow leopards kill as food is needed. lgh | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 326 | Serial | 804 | ||
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| Author | Jackson, R.; Ahmad, A. | ||||
| Title | Introduction to the Proceedings (8th Snow Leopard Symp) | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | ix-x | ||
| Keywords | Pakistan; livestock; herders; herder; snow-leopard; predator; predation; prey; habitat; status; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 2020 | ||||
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| Publisher | Allied Press | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1977 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 315 | Serial | 456 | ||
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| Author | Green, M.J.B.; Zhimbiev, B. | ||||
| Title | Transboundary Protected Areas and Snow Leopard Conservation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 194-202 | ||
| Keywords | conservation; parks; park; reserve; refuge; snow-leopard; management; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; Pakistan; Nepal; India; Mongolia; Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; habitat; protected-area; kazakstan; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 3000 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 312 | Serial | 351 | ||
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| Author | Hunter, D. | ||||
| Title | Mongolian-American Snow Leopard Project | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | Pages | 15-16 | |
| Keywords | asia; Mongolia; panthera uncia; endangered; threatened species; mammals; study methods; techniques; telemetry; snow leopard project; distribution; Gobi Desert; threatened; species; snow; leopard; snow-leopard; project; study; methods; panthera; uncia; browse; 630 | ||||
| Abstract | A snow leopard project is underway to study snow leopards in Mongolia. The project, called the Mongolian-American Snow Leopard Project, involves the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Mongolian Association for the Conservation of Nature and Environment, the National Geographic Society, the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and the Environment, the U.S. National Biological Service, and the International Snow Leopard Trust. The objective of the study is to survey the distribution and status of Mongolia's snow leopards, including those living in the Gobi Desert. klf. | ||||
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| Notes | AUTHOR ADDRESS: Natl. Biol. Surv., MESC, 4512 McMurray Ave., Fort Collins, CO 80525-3400, NOTES: reprinted from: Snow Line (Intl. Snow Leopard Trust) Vol. XIV, 1996. Document Type: English Call Number: WR97-008333 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 310 | Serial | 392 | ||
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| Author | Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. | ||||
| Title | Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Int.Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | Pages | 212-217 | |
| Keywords | breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park | ||||
| Abstract | Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 31 | Serial | 535 | ||
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| Author | Fox, J.L. | ||||
| Title | Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 17 | Issue | Pages | 18 | |
| Keywords | asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640 | ||||
| Abstract | During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh. | ||||
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| Notes | AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997 Document Type: English Call Number: WR99-007446 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 309 | Serial | 310 | ||
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| Author | Clyde, V.L.; Ramsay, E.C.; Bemis, D.A. | ||||
| Title | Fecal shedding of Salmonella in exotic felids | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | J.Zoo Wildl.Med | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 28 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 148-152 |
| Keywords | antibiotics; captive-animal-care; diarrhea; endangered; threatened-species; handling-methods; mammals parasites; Diseases; salmonella; zoos; snow-leopard; leopard; salmonellosis; husbandry; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; mammals; parasites; snow; browse; 1320 | ||||
| Abstract | The authors discuss the occurrence of salmonellosis in collections of exotic felids. Data suggest that zoo employees having contact with cat feces or raw diets have a high rate of occupational exposure to Salmonella and should exercise appropriate hygienic precautions. pcp | ||||
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| Notes | Milwaukee Cty. Zoo, Milwaukee, WI 53226 Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 304 | Serial | 227 | ||
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| Author | Ahmad, I.; Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title | A Snow Leopard and Prey Species Survey in Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 92-95 | ||
| Keywords | Slims; Islt; Wwf; predator; prey; Pakistan; Khunjerab; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Marco-Polo-sheep; blue-sheep; surveys; survey; transect; sighn; markings; marking; scrape; spray; ibex; tracks; pug marks; feces; livestock; kill; herder; herders; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; international snow leopard trust; world wildlife fund; marco polo sheep; marco polo; pug; marks; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2810 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 300 | Serial | 42 | ||
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| Author | Ahmad, A. | ||||
| Title | Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Northern Pakistan | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 148-154 | ||
| Keywords | conservation; livestock; Wwf; Pakistan; herders; herder; snow-leopard; management; Marco-Polo-sheep; grazing; ibex; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Khunjerab; hunting; hunter; skin; pelt; fur; coat; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; 2950 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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| Notes | Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 299 | Serial | 41 | ||
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| Author | Polking, V.F. | ||||
| Title | Schneelleopard | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Das Tier | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 8-15 | ||
| Keywords | german; McCarthy; Mongolia; snow leopard | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: German; color magazine | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 297 | Serial | 783 | ||
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| Author | Yu, N.Z.C.; Wang, X.; He, G.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, A.; Lu, W.; Tang, F. | ||||
| Title | A revision of genus Uncia Gray, 1854 based on mitochondrial DNA restriction site maps | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Acta Theriologica Sinica | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 105-108 |
| Keywords | taxonomy; uncia; panthera; snow-leopard; snow leopard; browse; 1350; Chinese | ||||
| Abstract | The Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is one of the most threatened wild big cats within its range of distribution, however, the question of its systematic status is a matter of debate. Is it a member of genus Panthera, or is it in its own genus (Uncia)? The analysis of genetic difference at the DNA level may provide useful data to clarify the issue. In the present study, ten hexanucleotide-specific restriction endonucleases were used to evaluate the patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation between the Snow leopard and leopard (P. pardus). The molecular size of mtDNA from the two species was about 16.5 kb. Ten enzymes surveyed 32-34 restriction sites, which corresponded to 192 apprx 204 base pairs, or 1.16% apprx 1.24% of the total mtDNA molecule. A total of 45 restriction sites were mapped; of these sites, twenty-four, which correspond to 53.3% of the total sites, were variable. The sequence divergence between them was 0.075 33, which was undoubtedly in the species-level distinction but did not reach the genus level. Therefore, the Snow leopard should be placed in the genus Panthera rather than in its own ganus. It also seems reasonable to recognize Uncia as a valid subgenus. This conclusion not only support but also supplement the viewpoint of Simpson who treated Uncia as a subgenus within Panthera. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: Chinese | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 295 | Serial | 1063 | ||
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| Author | Wang, X.; Schaller, G.B. | ||||
| Title | Status of large mammals in Western Inner Mongolia, China | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of East China Normal University (Special Issue of Zoology) | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 93-104 | ||
| Keywords | China; Mongolia; Inner-Mongolia; snow leopards; browse; inner; 2930 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 292 | Serial | 1003 | ||
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| Author | Guggisberg, C.A.W. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard, Ounce | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | snow-leopard; ounce; history; discovery; taxonomy; snow leopard; browse; 1650 | ||||
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| Publisher | Taplinger Publication Co. Inc. | Place of Publication | New York | Editor | |
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| Notes | A general brief history of the snow leoaprd ProCite field [32]: Wild Cats of the World | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 29 | Serial | 359 | ||
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| Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal patterns in habitat use of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) in Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Mammalia | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 60 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 187-193 |
| Keywords | blue-sheep; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; Nepal; conservation; prey; predator; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; panthera; uncia; 670 | ||||
| Abstract | Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) are the main prey of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) as well as an important game species in Nepal. A knowledge of how blue sheep utilize their habitat is essential for the scientific management of the sheep and for the conservation of the snow leopard, but we only have a limited understanding of this aspect of blue sheep ecology. I studied the habitat use pattern of blue sheep by direct observation in the Anna-purna Conservation Area, Nepal where they occur sympatrically with the snow leopard. The sheep used grassland habitats more frequently during pre-parturition (spring) and post-parturition (autumn) than other habitat types, but scrub and grassland habitats were used equally frequently during the rut (winter). The sheep used smooth undulating slopes of medium steepness (<40 degrees) on southerly aspects within the elevation range of 4,200-4,600 m most frequently in all seasons, and there was no evidence of seasonal migration along the elevation gradient. When not in broken landforms (e.g., cliff, landslides), the sheep maintained proximity (less than or equal to 150 m) to such features suggesting their importance as escape cover (i.e., from predators). The use of habitat components by blue sheep appeared to be related to the distribution of foraging areas and escape cover. | ||||
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| Notes | UNIV EDINBURGH,INST CELL ANIM & POPULAT BIOL,EDINBURGH EH9 3JT,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLANDANNAPURNA CONSERVAT AREA PROJECT,KATMANDU,NEPAL /Publisher:MUSEUM NAT HIST NATURELLE, PARIS Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 289 | Serial | 751 | ||
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| Author | Oli, M.K.; Rogers, E.M. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal pattern in group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of Wildlife Management | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 60 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 797-801 |
| Keywords | prey; snow leopard; panthera uncia; Nepal; annapurna conservation area; predator; blue; sheep; browse; Panthera-uncia; panthera; uncia; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; annapurna; conservation; area; 650 | ||||
| Abstract | Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) are the principal prey of the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Himalayas and adjacent ranges. We studied group size and population composition of blue sheep in Manang District, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. Overall mean group size was 15.6 (SE = 1.3), but it varied seasonally (P lt 0.001), with significantly smaller groups in winter than in other seasons. Mixed groups were most numerous in all seasons, and there was no evidence of sexual segregation. Yearling sex ratio (93.7 M:100 F) did not vary seasonally, nor did the ratio deviate from parity. Adult sex ratio showed a seasonal pattern favoring males post-parturition but female-biased during the rut and pre-parturition. Seasonal variation in sex-specific mortality is offered as a plausible explanation for the observed pattern in adult sex ratio. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: 639.105 JO | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 288 | Serial | 750 | ||
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| Author | Riddell, Mand L.G. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard Expedition Kazakhstan 2004 | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Keywords | Kazakhstan; snow leopard; expedition; Central Asia; ecotourism; map; 5730 | ||||
| Abstract | This Newcastle University Expedition reviewed the conflict between man and snow leopard in the region east of Tekeli in the Dzhungarian Alatau range, Kazakhstan. After the soviet state breakup in 1991 snow leopards in Kazakhstan and in the other Asian republics were subjected to high levels of persecution. There are thought to be between 180-200 snow leopards in Kazakhstan, of which 37-40 individuals inhabit the Dzhungarian Mountains. No work has been done previously to review the present snow leopard-human conflicts in this region, and this project looked to update previous reports from Central Asia about predominant conflicts in these regions. The expedition team worked with the Institute of Zoology in Kazakhstan and two of the six person team were Kazakh students. Methods comparable to those used in previous studies were used to map and rank the threats in the western area of the range, over an eight week period. The expedition team lived in the mountains for periods of two-three weeks, carrying all their food and equipment and using local vehicles, horses and trekking to move from pasture to pasture. Semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews and prey counts were used to assess snow leopard-human conflicts including poaching of snow leopard, poaching of leopard wild prey, human disturbance and livestock overgrazing. The results from the report support much previous work from Kazakhstan and other areas in Central Asia, but serve as a useful update shedding light on an optimistic future for snow leopard conservation while highlighting what the expedition team perceives to be the major threats to snow leopards. The threats to snow leopards, in order of relevance from most to least, are loss of prey predominantly through hunting by local people (both legal and illegal), direct hunting of snowleopard for pelt/medicine, disturbance by herders on the pastures, snow leopard habitat fragmentation around the mountain bases, and least importantly overgrazing by domestic livestock. Retaliatory kills by herders are not a threat in the region and on livestock were killed by snow leopards. Levels of all hunting, legal and illegal, need to be reduced in the range until wildlife populations have recovered significantly from the mid-1990's over-hunting period. Levels of rural corruption among many stakeholders were high around the mountain region, and are thought to contribute negatively to wildlife conservation in the area. Ecotourism in the area, that incorporates local people around the mountain region, is proposed as a solution to offer local people's incentives to lower hunting levels. This report makes the following main recommendations: ÿStrengthening law enforcement capacity ÿIncreasing the number of ecological rangers ÿIncreasing incentives of ecological rangers to prevent poaching ÿEquipping the ecological rangers more sufficiently ÿMore effective communication between ranger and National Park administrative regions ÿThe involvement of all stakeholders in wildlife conservation including military officials and local herders ÿWhistle blower policies to prevent illegal trade in all animals in the region ÿMore geographic consistency between present and proposed protected areas in the region Accurate snow leopard monitoring to build on valuable information previously collected in Kazakhstan Provision of local incentives (ecotourism and community based hunting reserves) to reduce local hunting and local unemployment around the mountains Increased interest and technical assistance in Kazakhstan from conservation International Non-Governmental Organizations More government fund for the Institute of Zoology Stronger cross border (Kazakhstan-China) legislation implementation Further research could involve establishing an annual, standardized, snow leopard survey in the range, or could compare these findings of threats to snow leopards to other regions in Kazakhstan (eg. The Altai) or Central Asia. This report has been replicated for all the expedition sponsors, put on the internet, and distributed among contacts in the snow leopard conservation community. The expedition team also spent some time exploring and photographing some of the remoter valleys around the study pastures, and made a short video of the teams exploits. Links were made between KIMEP University in Almaty, and Newcastle University, registered a research centre with the Royal Geographical Society, and lectured about the Dzhungarian range and snow leopard conservation at; the Royal Geographical Society, Newcastle University, Royal Zoological Society for Scotland(Edinburgh Zoo), and Wilderness Lecturers (Bristol). |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
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SLN @ rana @ 283 | Serial | 816 | ||
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| Author | Scheber | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 17 | ||
| Keywords | Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960 | ||||
| Abstract | Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976. | ||||
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| Notes | The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian, | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 28 | Serial | 872 | ||
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| Author | Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. | ||||
| Title | Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Zoo Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 223-237 |
| Keywords | Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390 | ||||
| Abstract | An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 279 | Serial | 345 | ||
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| Author | Wack, R.F.; Kramer, L.W. | ||||
| Title | Multifocal osteomyelitis in a young snow leopard (Panthera uncia) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 553-563 |
| Keywords | Antibacterial-Drug; Case-Study; diagnosis; Enrofloxacin; Pathophysiology; snow-leopard; veterinary; medical; osteomyelitis; snow leopard; antibacterial; drug; Case; study; snow; leopard; browse; 1370 | ||||
| Abstract | A 5-mo-old male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was presented for mild rear leg lameness. Osteomyelitis was suspected on the basis of radiographic changes and confirmed by histopathology of a biopsy sample from the affected bone. Aerobic cultures of the biopsies repeatedly grew Klebsiella oxytoca. Repeated anaerobic and fungal cultures did not result in growth. The leopard was treated unsuccessfully with cefadroxil, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine despite apparent in vitro sensitivity to these antibiotics. Successful resolution was eventually achieved with enrofloxacin, 7.5 mg/kg p.o. b.i.d. for 60 days. The number of bones involved (right humerus, right and left ulna, right and left radius, right and left femur, right and left tibia, mandible, right metatarsus) made this an unusual presentation of osteomyelitis. | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 277 | Serial | 997 | ||
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| Author | Johnson, W.E.; Dratch, P.A.; Martenson, J.S.; O'Brien, S.J. | ||||
| Title | Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of Mammalian Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 97-120 |
| Keywords | Evolution; Evolutionary-Lineages; Mitochondrial-Dna; Mitochondrial-Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism-Variation; phylogeny; Recent-Radiations; Restriction-Enzymes; Tigrina; snow-leopard; browse; evolutionary; lineages; mitochondrial; Dna; restriction; fragment; length; polymorphism; variation; radiation; enzymes; recent; recent radiation; 1340 | ||||
| Abstract | Patterns of mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation were used to resolve more recent relationships among the species of the Felidae ocelot lineage, domestic cat lineage, and pantherine lineage. Twenty-five of 28 restriction enzymes revealed site variation in at least 1 of 21 cat species. The ocelot lineage was resolved into three separate sister taxa groups: Geoffroy's cat (Oncifelis geoffroyi) and kodkod (O. guigna), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii), and pampas cat (Lynchailurus colocolo) and most of the tigrina samples (Leopardus tigrina). Within the domestic cat lineage, domestic cat (Felis catus), European wild cat (F. silvestris), and African wild cat (F. libyca) formed a monophyletic trichotomy, which was joined with sand cat (F. margarita) to a common ancestor. Jungle cat (F. chaus) and black-footed cat (F. nigripes) mtDNAs diverged earlier than those of the other domestic cat lineage species and are less closely related. Within the pantherine lineage, phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct groups, uniting lion (P. leo) with leopard (P. pardus) and tiger (P. tigris) with snow leopard (P. uncia). | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: QL708.5 J68 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 276 | Serial | 501 | ||
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| Author | Oli, M.K. | ||||
| Title | The Snow Leopard Dilema: Will they Persist | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 433-441 | ||
| Keywords | asia; Uncia-uncia; conservation; snow-leopard; protection; fur; medicine; livestock; predation; habitat; uncia; snow; leopard; snow leopard; browse; 920 | ||||
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| Notes | Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Title, Monographic: 1995 AZA Regional Conference Proceedings | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 274 | Serial | 749 | ||
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| Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title | Second SLIMS Workshop Held | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | xii | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | Chitral-Gol; Pakistan; Slims; surveys; research; Project-snow-leopard; teqniques; conflict-resolution; training; browse; 4590 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Seattle, WA | Editor | |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline | Approved | no | ||
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SLN @ rana @ 273 | Serial | 453 | ||
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| Author | Wajrak, A. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard Skins in Poland (Polowanie Na Sniezna Pantere) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Gazeta Wyborcza. | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Russia; Ussr; skins; furs; pelts; poaching; trade; browse; Soviet-Union; soviet union; soviet; union; 3160; information; 920; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; skin | ||||
| Abstract | Full Text: In 1991, Dr Andrzej Kruszewicz of the Institute of Ecology of the Polish Academy of Sciences saw a “quite fresh” snow leopard skin on sale by a Russian in a Warsaw market for three million Polish zlotys ($300). A few weeks later he saw another skin in a shop in the centre of Warsaw. In spring 1992, Marcin Waslawski from the Institute of Geography saw a snow leopard skin in the same market for the equivalent of $200. The seller was an Asian from a former Soviet Republic. In summer 1992, Wajrak himself saw a snow leopard skin in a hunters' shop in Warsaw and in winter saw one in the home of a Polish hunter, who said it was a gift from a Mongolian friend. In winter 1994, a student from Britain saw a Polish long coat of snow leopard skins in Bialowieza. Wajrak saw a skin in a Warsaw shop, which the owner said was 15-20 years old; he got it from a Polish diplomat who had been in Mongolia and had three snow leopard skins. The skin was priced at the equivalent of $1,000. Wajrak added that he had been told that it was possible to buy tiger skins from Russians in Poland and he was trying to find one; I have not heard from him since. | ||||
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| Notes | Information from Adam Wajrak of Gazeta Wyboracza (T: 48 2 416 920) 24/4/94. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 268 | Serial | 1002 | ||
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| Author | Slifka, K.; Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, S.M.; Bowen, P.; Crissey, S. | ||||
| Title | A Survey of Serum and Dietary Carotenoids in Captive Wild Animals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | The Journal of Nutrition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 129 | Issue | Pages | 380-390 | |
| Keywords | captive; carotenoids; dietary; Serum; snow leopard; survey; wild; Animals; Animal | ||||
| Abstract | Accumulation of carotenoids varies greatly among animal species and is not fully characterized. Circulating carotenoid concentration data in captive wild animals are limited and may be useful for their management. Serum carotenoid concentrations and dietary intakes were surveyed and the extent of accumulation categorized for 76 species of captive wild animals at Brookfield Zoo. Blood samples were obtained opportunistically from 275 individual animals immobilized for a variety of reasons; serum was analyzed for a- and b-carotene, lutein 1 zeaxanthin, lycopene, b-cryptoxanthin and canthaxanthin. Total carotenoid content of diets was calculated from tables and chemical analyses of commonly consumed dietary components. Diets were categorized as low, moderate or high in carotenoid content as were total serum carotenoid concentrations. Animals were classified as unknown, high, moderate or low (non-) accumulators of dietary cartenoids. Nonaccumulators had total serum carotenoid concentrations of 0-101 nmol/L, whereas accumulators had concentrations that ranged widely, from 225 to 35,351 nmol/L. Primates were uniquely distinguished by the widest range of type and concentration of carotenoids in their sera. Most were classified as high to moderate accumulators. Felids had high accumulation of b-carotene regardless of dietary intake, whereas a wide range of exotic birds accumulated only the xanthophylls, lutein 1 zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin or cryptoxanthin. The exotic ungulates, with the exception of the bovids, had negligible or nondetectable carotenoid serum concentrations despite moderate intakes. Bovids accumulated only b-carotene despite moderately high lutein 1 zeaxanthin intakes. Wild captive species demonstrated a wide variety of carotenoid accumulation patterns, which could be exploited to answer remaining questions concerning carotenoid metabolism and function. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 257 | Serial | 896 | ||
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