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Author Gurung, Gand T.K.
Title Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Human Interaction in Phoo Village in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords phoo; annapurna conservation area; Nepal; livestock; human interaction; conflict management; yaks; goats; sheep; horse; corral; 5280
Abstract Phoo village in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) in Nepal is located at 4,052 m als physically

in the central north of the country. Livestock keeping is the main activity of the people for making a

living amidst a conflict with snow leopard (Uncia uncia). Each year snow leopard kills a number of

livestock resulting significant economic losses for the poor people living in this remote area. Unless

the people – snow leopard conflict is well understood and appropriate conflict management activities

are implemented, the long run co-existence between people and snow leopard – especially the

existence of snow leopard in this part of the world -will be in question. This has now become an

utmost important as the aspiration of the people for economic development has risen significantly and

the area has been opened to tourism since spring 2002. In addition to this, the globalisation process has

directly and indirectly affected the traditional resource management practices and co-existence

strategies of many traditional societies including Phoo.

The livestock depredation for 3 years (2001 – 2004) by snow leopard was studied by interviewing the

herders to understand the responsible and specific bio-physical and socio-economic factors. The study

revealed that goats are most depredated species followed by sheep. Winter months (January – April)

and winter pastures are most vulnerable to snow leopard predation. Presence of bushes, forest and

boulders make good hides for snow leopard resulting into high depredation. The study also showed

that a lax animal guarding system was significantly responsible for high livestock depredation by snow

leopard.

The study showed that improvement in livestock guarding system should be adopted as the most

important activity. However despite the importance of livestock in the economy of Phoo it is still not

well understood why the herders neglect for proper livestock guarding. This requires further study.

Proper guarding system is required especially in winter season in winter pastures. It is also suggested

that there should be changes in the composition of livestock species by promoting more yaks and

discouraging or minimising goats. Yaks and large animals are less depredated and small animals like

goats and sheep are highly depredated by snow leopard. A trend was also observed in Phoo village

where there is an increase in the number of yaks and a decrease in the number of goats over last few

years. This could be a management response of the herders to livestock depredation. Other protective

measures of the livestock at the corrals have also been recommended including promotion of guard

dogs and other measures.

Since the area is opened for tourism, it is suggested that the tourism opportunity for the economic

development of the area should be grasped so that the heavy dependence on livestock raising would be

minimised. This will help minimise the number of human – snow leopard conflicts.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 513 Serial 363
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Author Bhatnagar, Y.V.; Mathur, V.B.; McCarthy, T.
Title A Regional Perspective for Snow Leopard Conservation In the Indian Trans-Himalaya Type Conference Article
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords snow; leopard; India; indian; Himalaya; Himalayan; conservation; region; regional; climate; topography; flora; fauna; Tibet; tibetan; protected; area; planning; management; manage; biogeographic; gazelle; kiang; yak; predator; 4900
Abstract The Trans-Himalaya is a vast biogeographic region in the cold and arid rain-shadow of

the Greater Himalaya and is spread over three Indian states. From the conservation

standpoint this region has several unique characteristics. Unlike most other

biogeographic regions of the country, it has wildlife, including large mammals, spread

over the entire region. Another feature is that the harsh climate and topography

provides limited agricultural land and pastures, all of which are currently utilized by

people. The harsh environment has given rise to a specialized assemblage of flora and fauna in

the region that include the endangered snow leopard, a variety of wild sheep and goat,

Tibetan antelope, Tibetan gazelle, kiang and wild yak. The snow leopard is one of the

most charismatic species of the Trans-Himalaya. This apex predator, with a wide

distribution, has ecological importance and international appeal, and is eminently

suitable to be used as both a 'flagship' and an 'umbrella species' to anchor and guide

conservation efforts in the Trans-Himalayan region. Among the 10 Biogeographic Zones in the country, the Trans-Himalaya has a

comparatively large Protected Area (PA) coverage, with over 15,000 km2 (8.2 %) of

the geographical area under the network. In spite of this, the bulk of the large mammal

populations still exist outside the PAs, which include highly endangered species such

as snow leopard, chiru, wild yak, Ladakh urial, kiang and brown bear. Given the sparse resource availability in the Trans-Himalaya and the existing human

use patterns, there are few alternatives that can be provided to resource dependent

human communities in and around PAs. The existing PAs themselves pose formidable

conservation challenges and a further increase in their extent is impractical. The

problem is further compounded by the fact that some of the large PAs have unclear

boundaries and include vast stretches that do not have any direct wildlife values. These

issues call for an alternative strategy for conservation of the Trans-Himalayan tracts

based on a regional perspective, which includes reconciling conservation with

development. In this paper we stress that conservation issues of this region, such as competition for

forage between wild and domestic herbivores and human-wildlife conflicts need to be

addressed in a participatory manner. We suggest an alternative scheme to look at the

zonation of existing PAs and also the Trans-Himalayan region as a whole, to facilitate

better conservation in the region. Also, we emphasize that there is a vital need for

additional resources and a formal setup for regional planning and management under a

centrally sponsored scheme such as the 'Project Snow Leopard'.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 476 Serial 137
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Author Ale, S.B.; Karky, B.S.
Title Observations on Conservation of Snow Leopards in Nepal Type Conference Article
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords 4880; bio; conservation; diversity; enclave; leopard; management; Nepal; poverty; protected; protection; religion; uncia
Abstract The wild populations of snow leopards are threatened in Nepal. For their effective conservation, this paper seeks to build a strategy based not only on protected enclaves but also on landscapes, using an integrated grass-roots approach that essentially reduces poverty and addresses the needs of human beings and that of wildlife. Also equally relevant in places with a strong hold by religious and cultural authorities in the decision-making processes is the recognition and possible integration of cultural and traditional belief systems in overall snow leopard conservation schemes.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Islt Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 474 Serial 57
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Fox, J.L.
Title Wildlife Ecology Workshop Held in Indias Himalaya Region Type Miscellaneous
Year 1991 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume ix Issue Pages
Keywords Usfws; Wii; India; Himalaya; High-Altitude-Ecology; training; Ladakh; Hemis; research; Gis; management; browse; 4750
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 462 Serial 300
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Freeman, H.; Hutchins, M.
Title Captive Management of Snow Leopard Cubs Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Der Zoologischer Garten Abbreviated Journal
Volume 48 Issue Pages 49-62
Keywords captivity; management; zoo; zoos; cubs; rearing; browse; 3610
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 45 Serial 315
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ale, S.B.
Title Snow Leopard in Remote Districts of Nepal Type Miscellaneous
Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume xii Issue Pages
Keywords Nepal; Manang; livestock; livestock-depredation; baiting; predation; villagers; herders; annapurna; retribution; conservation; management; training; tourism; browse; 4600
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 447 Serial 54
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Author Fox, J.L.
Title Snow Leopard Conservation and Related Developements in Ladakh Type Miscellaneous
Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume xiii Issue Pages
Keywords Ladakh; India; Transhimilaya; Hemis; Islt; tourism; treking; Chundawat; management; compensation; livestock; browse; 4580
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text at URLJournal Title: Snowline Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 446 Serial 307
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Freeman, H.
Title Social Behavior in the Snow Leopards and its implications for captive management Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards Abbreviated Journal
Volume 1 Issue Pages 71-77
Keywords social; behavior; captive; management; captivity; zoo; zoos; browse; 3600
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 44 Serial 314
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Taber, R.D.
Title Toward a Free-Living Snow Leopard Recovery Plan Type Conference Article
Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 261
Keywords snow-leopard-recovery-plan; recovery; conservation; Islt; Species-survial-plan; management; browse; 4240
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher ISLT and Wildlife Institute of India Place of Publication Usa Editor H.Freeman
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full Text Available at URLAuthor Affiliation: ISLTTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 412 Serial 956
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lama, T.T.
Title Snow Leopard Conservation Annual Progress Report Type Report
Year 2001 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Nepal; conservation; Iunc; Wwf; management; Islt; field-study; field; study; Kanchenjunga; annapurna; parks; preserves; reserves; protected-area; habitat; workshops; monitoring; browse; 4170; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; status; Report
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Full text available at URLAuthor Role: Program OfficerAuthor Affiliation: WWF Nepal ProgramTitle, Analytic: Snow Leopard Conservation Annual Progress Report.ProCite field [12]: (2000-20001) Approved no
Call Number (down) SLN @ rana @ 405 Serial 608
Permanent link to this record