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Author (down) Schmidt, R.E.; Eisenbrandt, D.L.; Hubbard, G.B.
Title Tyzzer's disease in snow leopards Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication J Comp Pathol Abbreviated Journal
Volume 94 Issue 1 Pages 165-167
Keywords Animal; Animals; Newborn; zoo; Bacillus; Bacterial; Infections; pathology; veterinary; Carnivora; Liver; browse; 330
Abstract Tyzzer's disease was diagnosed histologically in 2 litters of newborn snow leopard kittens. The gross and histological lesions were similar to those reported in domestic cats and other animals. No signs of illness was noted in either of the snow leopard dams.
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ISSN 0021-9975 ISBN Medium
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 67 Serial 875
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Author (down) Schmidt, A.M.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J.; Smith, R.C.; Lewis, C.R.
Title Serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone, and sexual behaviour during the normal oestrous cycle in the leopard (Panthera pardus) Type Miscellaneous
Year 1988 Publication Journal of Reproductive Fertility Abbreviated Journal
Volume 82 Issue Pages 43-49
Keywords captive; Ovulation; Panthera pardus; Progesterone; Serum; sexual behaviour
Abstract Three mature nulliparous female leopards were studied for 5 years. During three separate 6-month periods serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals. Oestradiol was elevated over 21 pg/ml for 54 weeks during these 3 periods, and 36 oestradiol peaks (65\m=.\8\m=+-\6\m=.\3pg/ml (mean \m=+-\s.e.m.), range 21\p=n-\172pg/ml) were identified. Daily frequency of feline reproductive behaviours averaged over each week increased from 1\m=.\9\m=+-\0\m=.\2(n = 93) during weeks with low serum oestradiol concentrations (<21 pg/ml) to 5\m=.\3\m=+-\0\m=.\6(n = 54) during weeks when serum oestradiol concentrations (>21 pg/ml) were high. Increased serum progesterone concentrations (13\p=n-\98n/gml) were observed on 5 occasions in 2 leopards housed together. These presumptive luteal phases lasted from 1 to 5 weeks. Baseline progesterone values were 1\m=.\6\m=+-\0\m=.\4 ng/m(nl= 131). No progesterone increments were observed in isolated animals, and serum concentrations remained at baseline levels. These limited observations suggest that female leopards do not require intromission to induce ovulation and luteal function. The average interval between oestradiol peaks for cycles with no progesterone increment was 3\m=.\4weeks (range 1\p=n-\6weeks). The interval for the 3 complete cycles associated with elevated progesterone concentrations was 7\m=.\3weeks. Analysis of sexual behaviours over the 5-year study period revealed no evidence of seasonality in these

captive leopards.
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 923 Serial 873
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Author (down) Schmidt, A.M.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J.; Lewis, C.R.
Title Serum concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone and frequency of sexual behaviour during the normal oestrous cycle in the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) Type Journal Article
Year 1993 Publication J Reprod Fertil Abbreviated Journal
Volume 98 Issue 1 Pages 91-95
Keywords Animal; Animals; zoo; physiology; Carnivora; Estradiol; Blood; estrus; Female; Progesterone; Seasons; Sex; behavior; Support; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; us; government; gov't; 490
Abstract Serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured at weekly intervals for six months, and correlated with daily behavioural observations in two adult female snow leopards (Panthera uncia). Three oestradiol peaks (> 21 pg ml-1; interval 3.6 weeks) were identified in a snow leopardess housed alone (two more were probably missed because of the weekly sampling schedule), and three oestradiol peaks were identified in a snow leopardess housed with a male as a breeding pair (interval 6 weeks). Daily frequencies of feline reproductive behaviour averaged 1.77 observations per observation period during weeks of high oestradiol and 0.62 during weeks of low oestradiol. Progesterone concentrations did not rise above baseline values (< 2 ng ml-1) in the isolated animal, but 6 weeks of high progesterone concentrations (4.9- 38.8 ng ml-1) was recorded in the paired snow leopardess following mating. No offspring were produced. Snow leopards were observed daily for an additional 4.5 years. Sexual behaviour peaks could be clearly identified from December through April, and average daily sexual behaviour scores were higher during these months than during the rest of the year. Intervals between sexual behaviour peaks for the isolated snow leopardess averaged 3.03 weeks. The sexual behaviour of the paired snow leopards decreased for 8-9 weeks following mating when no offspring were produced, and decreased for 13 weeks in one year when a single cub was born.
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ISSN 0022-4251 ISBN Medium
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 204 Serial 874
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Author (down) Scheber
Title Snow Leopard in the south part of Gobi-Altai mountain range Type Miscellaneous
Year 1975 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 17
Keywords Mongolia; asia; snow-leopard; herders; livestock; predators; prey; gobi; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 960
Abstract Accorfing to the information from Gurvan its rumored that the snow leopards grow in number and many times they attacked the livestock entering into the domestic area causing damage, we investigated theGurvan Tes sumon of Umnogobi aimag and also Noyon sumon todisplay the reserve review and spreading area of snow leopard from 22 of December of 1975 to 10th of January of 1976.
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Notes The Snow Leopard Trust has a hand copied form of this document translated from Russian, Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 28 Serial 872
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.; Tserendeleg, J.; Amarsana, G.
Title Observations on snow leopards in Mongolia Type Conference Article
Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 33-42
Keywords Mongolia; gobi; Altay; Altai; survey; surveys; habitat; scrapes; markings; feces; spray; distribution; status; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; activity; conservation; home-range; protected-areas; movements; predator; prey; diet; livestock; herders; ibex; argali; hunting; poaching; trapping; killing; browse; home range; protected areas; protected; 2710
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Publisher Islt Place of Publication Usa Editor J.Fox; D.Jizeng
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Notes Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium. International Snow Leopard TrustPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 258 Serial 870
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.; Mirza, Z.B.
Title On the behaviour of Kashmir Markhor (Capra falconeri cashmiriensis) Type Journal Article
Year 1971 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal
Volume 35 Issue Pages 548-566
Keywords predator; prey; Kashmir; browse; 2270
Abstract Notes snow leopard as main predator in Pakistan study area. Describes content of some snow leopard droppings
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Call Number SLN @ rana @ 25 Serial 860
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.; Jurang, R.; Mingjiang, Q.
Title Status of snow leopard (Panthera-uncia) in Qinghai-Province and Gansu Province-China Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Biological Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 179-194
Keywords status; population; China; Qinhai-province; Gansu-province; conservation; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; prey; ungulates; blue-sheep; marmot; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; qinhai province; qinhai; province; gansu province; gansu; panthera uncia; panthera; uncia; 860
Abstract The status and distribution of the snow leopard Panthera uncia was investigated in two provinces of China. The cats occur over about 65,000km2 or 9% of the Qinghai Province, and in a few places along the western edge of Gansu Province. In many areas the animals have in recent decades been decimated or locally eradicated, as have their prey. Counts of wild ungulates in 9 mountain block, totalling 1375km2, known for abundant wildlife, had an average of 1.4-5.4 animals km2, principally blue sheep Psuedois nayaur, which together with marmot Marmota himalayana, represent the snow leopards main prey. Possibly 650 snow leopards survive in Qinghai but shooting and trapping of this legally protected animal and the hunting of blue sheep for local consumtion and export threaten their existence.
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Notes Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD, OXFORD Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 113 Serial 867
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.; Hong, L.; Talipu, J.; Mingjiang, R.Q.
Title The snow leopard in Xinjiang, China Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal
Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 197-204
Keywords China; Xinjiang; asia; refuges; parks; reserves; snow-leopard; prey; livestock; predators; herders; fur; management; snow leopard; browse; 930
Abstract Snow leopards live in the mountains of Central Asia, their range stretching from Afganastan to Lake Baikal in Eastern Tibet. They are endangered throughout their range, being hunted as predators of mains livestock and for their skin. Much of the snow leopards range lies in China, but not enough is known about its staus there for effective conservation. As part of a project to assess China's high altitude wildlife resources the authors conducted a survey in Xinjiang- a vast arid region of deserts and mountains. Although the snow leopard and other wildlife have declined steeply in Xinjiang in recent decades, the cta still persists and one area has the potential to become one of the best refuges for the species in its entire range. Its future in XInjiang, howevere, depends on well protected reserves, enforcement of regulations against killing the animal, and proper managemnt of the prey species.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 129 Serial 868
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.; Hong, L.; Talipu, J.; Mingjiang, R.Q.
Title The Snow Leopard in Xinjiang, China Type Miscellaneous
Year 1989 Publication Snow Line Abbreviated Journal
Volume winter Issue Pages
Keywords surveys; research; Tian-Shan; scrapes; sign; range; browse; 4780
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Publisher Islt Place of Publication Seattle Editor
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Notes Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 465 Serial 869
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Author (down) Schaller, G.B.
Title Imperiled phantom of Asian peaks Type Journal Article
Year 1971 Publication National Geographic Abbreviated Journal
Volume 140 Issue Pages 702-707
Keywords conservation; Pakistan; baiting; browse; 2210
Abstract Brief description of succssful baiting, with a domestic goat and photographing a wild snow leopard in Northern Pakistan.
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Notes First photographs of snow leopards in the wild Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 22 Serial 859
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